以输出为动力的信息系统规划方法

在企业的信息化建设中，一项最重要的工作就是企业信息化的规划，而信息化规划的核心就是信息系统规划(Information System Planning，简称ISP)。本文在分析了ISP的基本概念对ISP的主要内容框架之后，提出了一种适合中小型企业的信息系统规划方法——以输出为动力的企业信息系统规划方法。     

独立学院人才培养目标探析

独立学院是中国高等教育大众化的产物,高等教育制度的创新。独立学院能否科学、准确地定位,关系到独立学院发展的成败。从分析独立学院的基本特征作为切入点,论述独立学院的人才培养目标及为实现人才培养目标应重点做好几方面工作。     

欧洲足球:引领世界足坛的潮流——第11、12届欧洲杯足球赛分析与探讨

运用观察统计、资料分析等方法,对第11、12届欧洲杯足球赛比赛情况进行分析与探讨,发现导致进球的主要区域、主要手段以及进球时段,探讨如何进行针对性防守,为比赛与训练提供借鉴与参考.     

新型城镇化面临的城乡社会危机及其规划策略

当前我国快速城镇化斜率陡悬,压缩了城乡问题释放和缓解的时间,从而快速积聚城乡社会危机。现阶段我国城乡社会危机的焦点分布在特大城市和农村地区两端。我国新型城镇化的总体策略,既要把握好全局的平衡发展,又要着重针对特大城市和广大农村地区两端潜在的社会危机,制定相应的对策。缓解特大城市社会危机的规划策略重点包括:大力推进城市基本公共设施和服务均等化,确保低收入家庭的住房供给"托底",保障老龄化社会为老服务的基本条件,并通过城市社区规划寻求特大城市的社会管理改革与创新;广大农村地区社会危机的规划策略重点包括:注重乡村产业经济"造血机能"的培育,大力推进乡村社会自治,鼓励地方文化保护并加强地方传统特色文化传承,通过促进农村社区规划来探索乡村社会管理改革与创新。     

法兰直线轴承视觉测量递阶式规划与行为分析

针对法兰直线轴承尺寸系列化与视觉测量过程行为多样化之间的复杂关联影响问题,提出由特征包容方案规划、基本动作规划和工位变换路线规划三阶段组成的递阶式测量行为规划策略,并设计了视觉测量规划与行为评估流程。以某型号方法兰直线轴承为对象,以评估不同测量行为、图像质量及图像处理算法之间的关联影响为任务,进行测量实验研究。实验结果表明,通过对测量行为进行递阶式规划与行为分析,便于获取测量行为变化造成测量结果波动的定量信息,得以反馈行为影响,从而引导行为优化,可促进视觉测量系统前、后处理功能的增强,有助于智能视觉测量的发展。     

Appraisal models of intercultural communication apprehension among sojourners

We used R. S. Lazarus’ (Emotion and Adaptation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991) appraisal theory of emotions to propose a theoretical model of anxiety, upon which we built two empirical models centering on intercultural communication apprehension (ICA), distinguished by timing. We tested the models in three samples: Chinese in the US (N?=?268), US Americans who studied abroad (N?=?419), and US Americans in the US (N?=?515). The models achieved good fit. The results showed that during an anticipated or actual intercultural interaction, people had multiple, potentially conflicting goals. The goal-related appraisals of the situation resulted in emotional reactions, such as ICA, as well as coping strategies. ICA and coping further influenced people’s immediacy behaviors and the intention to interact. Our empirical models supported the utility of the theoretical framework for all three samples, and provided advice for practitioners to improve sojourners’ time abroad.     

Cultural plan implementation and outcomes in Ontario,Canada

Since 2005 there has been a surge of cultural planning initiatives in Canada, especially in the Province of Ontario. However, very little research has been conducted in the more established cultural planning contexts of Australia, Great Britain and the United States let alone in Canada to support the assertions that underlie much of the movement's continued success. In particular, there has been an absence of research on the actual outcomes of the cultural planning strategy. This article examines whether the wide range of strategic goals presented in most cultural plans are being met. The method for assessing the effectiveness of cultural plans involved analyzing which strategic objectives were implemented as recorded in progress reports and as reported on by cultural planners. The research findings show that cultural plans are being effectively implemented and the majority of strategic goals contained within most cultural plans are being achieved. In addition, it is observed that the strategic objectives being implemented are not limited to traditional arts sector concerns.     

The role of task and ego-oriented climate in explaining students’ bright and dark motivational experiences in Physical Education

Background: A distinction is made in Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) between task-oriented (i.e. effort, intra-individual progress, and self-comparison) and ego-oriented (i.e. inter-individual progress and normative comparison) climates. Combining insights from AGT and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), studies in the PE context have shown that a task-oriented climate positively relates to need satisfaction, although the findings regarding the motivating role of an ego-oriented climate are inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the role of task- or ego-oriented climates in explaining experiences of basic psychological need frustration.

Purpose: Grounded in AGT and SDT, the aim of the present study was to examine if experiences of basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration can explain why task- and ego-oriented climates elicit positive and negative motivational outcomes in PE, respectively.

Research design: Cross-sectional study.

Method: A sample of 524 secondary school students (51.1% boys, M_age?=?14.51; SD?=?1.81) from five different secondary schools participated in this study. Students reported on their perceptions of task- and ego-oriented climates, motivational regulations, basic psychological need satisfaction, and need frustration, as well as positive and negative outcomes in PE. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate our objective.

Results: We found that a task-oriented climate had a strong and positive relationship with basic psychological need satisfaction, eliciting a bright pathway to autonomous motivation and affective attitude. An ego-oriented climate was positively related to basic psychological need frustration, eliciting a dark pathway to amotivation and boredom. A negative cross-path from task-oriented climate to basic psychological need frustration was also found, while no significant cross-paths were found from ego-oriented climate to basic psychological need satisfaction.

Conclusions: This study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms that explain why task- and ego-oriented climates shape students’ motivational experiences in PE lessons. It is suggested that a task-oriented climate elicits a bright pathway towards more optimal functioning, because it fosters experiences of need satisfaction and buffers against experiences of need frustration. In contrast, an ego-oriented climate is primarily positively related to feelings of need frustration and negative motivational outcomes. Practical implications for PE teacher training are discussed.     

‘Subtopias of Good Intentions’

ABSTRACT

This article investigates the cultural and political meanings of everyday landscapes in postwar Britain. Public discussions of these landscapes have moved beyond relatively narrow questions about the aesthetics or design of public space to consider broader issues of land use, national identity, historical tradition and the management of social change. They have fed into anxieties about postwar reconstruction and the spread of ‘subtopia’, national decline, and more recent concerns about conservation and heritage. The article argues that the recurrent fear that Britain is being colonized by standardized subtopian clutter has tended to ignore more subtle historical shifts, produced by changing relationships between government and commerce, public and private space, urban centre and suburban periphery.     

Mapping cultural assets and evaluating significance: theory,methodology and practice

Over the last decade in the UK, there has been a notable shift in the popularity and use of cultural mapping as a methodology for policy making at a regional and local level. This follows increased demand for an informed framework for planning arts and cultural facilities from local and regional government and from within the cultural sector (Evans, 2008: p. 65). The article begins with an exploration of cultural mapping within cultural policy, which explores the context for the growth in this area of activity, and why this kind of activity appeals to policy makers and organisations. It then goes on to examine four cultural mapping exercises which have been undertaken in recent years in the UK. These studies have been chosen because although they all focus the mapping of cultural assets within a specific geographic area, they differ to one degree or another in purpose, context, definition, geographic scale and methodology. They illustrate the narrow range of approaches deployed in the cultural mapping field in the UK, and as such provide a useful means of critically reviewing their limits as well as highlighting the issues and challenges faced by cultural cartography in practice. The article concludes by considering the type of mapping research that is “allowed” within the discursive confines of consultancy based cultural policy research.