独立学院人才培养目标探析

独立学院是中国高等教育大众化的产物,高等教育制度的创新。独立学院能否科学、准确地定位,关系到独立学院发展的成败。从分析独立学院的基本特征作为切入点,论述独立学院的人才培养目标及为实现人才培养目标应重点做好几方面工作。     

欧洲足球:引领世界足坛的潮流——第11、12届欧洲杯足球赛分析与探讨

运用观察统计、资料分析等方法,对第11、12届欧洲杯足球赛比赛情况进行分析与探讨,发现导致进球的主要区域、主要手段以及进球时段,探讨如何进行针对性防守,为比赛与训练提供借鉴与参考.     

Appraisal models of intercultural communication apprehension among sojourners

We used R. S. Lazarus’ (Emotion and Adaptation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991) appraisal theory of emotions to propose a theoretical model of anxiety, upon which we built two empirical models centering on intercultural communication apprehension (ICA), distinguished by timing. We tested the models in three samples: Chinese in the US (N?=?268), US Americans who studied abroad (N?=?419), and US Americans in the US (N?=?515). The models achieved good fit. The results showed that during an anticipated or actual intercultural interaction, people had multiple, potentially conflicting goals. The goal-related appraisals of the situation resulted in emotional reactions, such as ICA, as well as coping strategies. ICA and coping further influenced people’s immediacy behaviors and the intention to interact. Our empirical models supported the utility of the theoretical framework for all three samples, and provided advice for practitioners to improve sojourners’ time abroad.     

The role of task and ego-oriented climate in explaining students’ bright and dark motivational experiences in Physical Education

Background: A distinction is made in Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) between task-oriented (i.e. effort, intra-individual progress, and self-comparison) and ego-oriented (i.e. inter-individual progress and normative comparison) climates. Combining insights from AGT and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), studies in the PE context have shown that a task-oriented climate positively relates to need satisfaction, although the findings regarding the motivating role of an ego-oriented climate are inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the role of task- or ego-oriented climates in explaining experiences of basic psychological need frustration.

Purpose: Grounded in AGT and SDT, the aim of the present study was to examine if experiences of basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration can explain why task- and ego-oriented climates elicit positive and negative motivational outcomes in PE, respectively.

Research design: Cross-sectional study.

Method: A sample of 524 secondary school students (51.1% boys, M_age?=?14.51; SD?=?1.81) from five different secondary schools participated in this study. Students reported on their perceptions of task- and ego-oriented climates, motivational regulations, basic psychological need satisfaction, and need frustration, as well as positive and negative outcomes in PE. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate our objective.

Results: We found that a task-oriented climate had a strong and positive relationship with basic psychological need satisfaction, eliciting a bright pathway to autonomous motivation and affective attitude. An ego-oriented climate was positively related to basic psychological need frustration, eliciting a dark pathway to amotivation and boredom. A negative cross-path from task-oriented climate to basic psychological need frustration was also found, while no significant cross-paths were found from ego-oriented climate to basic psychological need satisfaction.

Conclusions: This study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms that explain why task- and ego-oriented climates shape students’ motivational experiences in PE lessons. It is suggested that a task-oriented climate elicits a bright pathway towards more optimal functioning, because it fosters experiences of need satisfaction and buffers against experiences of need frustration. In contrast, an ego-oriented climate is primarily positively related to feelings of need frustration and negative motivational outcomes. Practical implications for PE teacher training are discussed.     

"掌握"教学模式对体育专业学生目标定向类别的影响

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和实验法等,对体育专业不同目标定向类别学生进行调查,发现:高掌握目标定向的学生有较高的综合素质和能力,是素质教育的培养目标;"掌握"教学模式能提高高掌握类别学生的比例,引导学生建立正确的学习观,是高绩效体育专业技术课教学干预的模式。     

2008年欧洲杯足球赛决赛阶段各队进攻进球特征研究

通过对2008年欧洲杯足球赛决赛阶段31场比赛的73个进球特征统计发现:下半场进球数高于上半场,全场比赛结束前15min是全场比赛进球最高峰;进球方式是以脚射为主,其中,抢点直接脚射进球率最高;由前场发动组织进攻进球率最高;进球射门主要区域集中在罚球区;球门下部是进球入门的主要区域,尤其从球门右下角区域进球率最高;各位置进球数最多的仍是前锋运动员;边路进攻进球数位居各进攻形式之首;进球前经过2次传球配合后射门进球数最多,随运动员之间传球配合次数增多破门得分机率减小。     

论萨特的自由思想与当代教育的超越价值

萨特的自由思想是存在主义人本思想的重要组成部分。他的自由思想对当代教育的发展是非常有益的。当代教育应该从教育的眼前价值向未来价值进行超越。教育应该坚持实然价值与应然价值的统一,应该超越工具理性和知识理性的价值思维,做到物质价值和精神价值的统一。     

体育教育专业体操教学中运用“目标设置”发展四项力量素质的研究

通过对北体师体育教育专业98 级男生在体操教学中进行系统的目标设置技能训练,探求心理学中的目标设置技能运用于体操教学的最佳途径     

从群众体育发展看农村学校体育教育目标定位

农村学校体育教育目标的定位是落实广大农村学生享有体育教育的核心问题, 是农村中小学校体育课程、教材、教法和评价的改革走向深入并取得成功的关键所在。本研究从分析农村群众体育现状和发展趋势入手, 估量农村社会对学校体育教育成果的期望, 探讨农村学校体育教育目标的定位。本文从农村社会对学校体育教育的要求出发, 把农村学校体育的教育目标概括性地描述为: “传播体育文化, 促进学生健康。     

第28、29届奥运会我国田径目标定位

通过统计分析23－27届奥运会我国田径运动员参加比赛的名次，1998年－2000年田径各单项进入世界前50位的人数和近几年青少年运动员在世界大赛上取得的成绩，制这出我国在28、29届奥运会上田径夺取金牌数，奖牌数，团体总分，世界排名的目标，认为在28届奥运会上，中国田径要恢复到25、26届奥运会时的水平，在29届奥运会上再创辉煌。