J2EE平台在行政审批服务系统中的应用

本文分析了电子政务对国民经济所起的重大作用,简要介绍了当前流行的J2EE架构的分布式对象结构特点。设计了一个J2EE架构下的行政审批服务系统,它由客户层、中间层和企业信息系统层等三个层次组成。同时,对系统的设计方法、软件结构及实现技术进行了探讨。     

Roma women’s higher education participation: whose responsibility?

There are striking gaps between Roma and non-Roma higher education (HE) participation rates, with less than 1% of Roma possessing a tertiary-level qualification [United Nations Development Programme, World Bank and European Commission. 2011a. “The Situation of Roma in 11 EU Member States.” Accessed 3 April 2015. http://issuu.com/undp_in_europe_cis/docs/_roma_at_a_glance_web/1#download]. As the Decade of Roma Inclusion (2005–2015) closes, this renders the present a salient moment to reflect on Roma students’ HE experiences. Widening educational access for marginalised groups raises specific questions about where responsibility for doing so lies – with tensions between individualised articulations of raising aspiration and notions of collective responsibility framed in a social justice agenda. Drawing on interviews with five Roma women students, this paper unpacks the contradictions between desiring access to HE for individual self-betterment and concurrent pulls towards educating for the wider benefit of ‘improving’ Roma communities. Using Ahmed’s [2012. On Being Included: Racism and Diversity in Institutional Life. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press] work on institutional belonging, we explore the specifically gendered nature of these narratives in how ‘doubly’ marginalised bodies are positioned as outsiders, in receipt of an educational gift.     

议政府采购绩效审计

如何开展政府采购绩效审计,是审计机关及其审计人员亟须研究解决的一个课题。实施政府采购绩效审计,就必须从审计角度出发,就政府采购绩效审计的必要性、审计目标、审计的依据和内容进行思考。     

鞍山市足球产业发展政策体系的构建

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法等对鞍山市足球产业发展政策进行了研究。鞍山市在制定足球产业发展政策时应遵循坚持服务群众、坚持产业发展远景规划和坚持批判性借鉴成功经验的基本原则。建立足球产业后备人才培养政策、完善市场调节政策、制定宽松合理的税费价格政策、优化足球产业组织政策和调整足球产业结构政策是构建足球产业发展政策体系的基本内容。     

新公共管理理论对我国政府改革的启示

20世纪80年代,西方各国掀起了声势浩大的政府改革浪潮,由此产生了新公共管理的理论和实践。随着我国由计划经济向市场经济体制的转轨,我国政府管理中存在的问题不容忽视。如何有选择地借鉴吸收国外新公共管理经验,对我国经济社会的持续稳定、政府改革的全面发展具有十分重要的意义。     

教育扶贫瞄准偏差与治理路径探究——基于政府行为视角分析

教育扶贫瞄准偏差即教育扶贫对象识别以及教育扶贫资源投放所存在的偏颇和误差。目前,教育扶贫对象识别、教育扶贫项目设计以及教育扶贫经费使用等都存在一定的瞄准偏差。政府作为我国教育扶贫主体的首席,其"经济人"特质和"委托—代理"行为方式构成了教育扶贫瞄准偏差的两个重要变量。因此,基于政府行为视角治理教育扶贫瞄准偏差,一方面,需要完善激励机制以实现各级政府在教育扶贫过程中的目标兼容,激发各级政府治理教育扶贫瞄准偏差的动力;另一方面,构建政府主导、多方参与的教育扶贫主体体系,提高政府治理教育扶贫瞄准偏差的能力。     

毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民三代领导人关于我国教育方针的哲学理念探析

新中国成立以来，我国的教育方针是在毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民三代领导人亲自关心领导下提出、确立、发展和不断完善的。同时，三代领导人对教育方针的理念都有各自新的创意和不同的哲学思考。     

Enacting Informal Science Learning: Exploring the Battle for Informal Learning

Informal Science Learning (ISL) is a policy narrative of interest in the United Kingdom and abroad. This paper explores how a group of English secondary school science teachers, enacted ISL science clubs through employing the Periodic Table of Videos. It examines how these teachers ‘battled’ to enact ISL policy in performative conditions at the micro-scale, and how this battle reflected macro-scale epistemological and political considerations. Data from the study suggests that for some, ISL was low stakes as it was seen to have negligible impact upon performance data. As a result, there was some resistance towards enacting ISL and conflict between the formal and informal curriculum processes. Nonetheless, analysis indicates that the informants highly valued ISL despite the requirement for them to justify it over more formal and ‘effective’ approaches to learning science.     

The scholarship of teaching: A comparison of conceptions held by experts and regular academic staff

Over the past decade the scholarship ofteaching has received considerable attention inthe higher education literature as a reactionto the widely cited Carnegie Foundation'sreport ``Scholarship Reconsidered'; however, theconcept has remained devoid of a unifieddefinition. A recent Delphi study conductedwith a selective group of scholars whoseexpertise lies in the area of universityteaching and learning indicated the extent towhich these ``experts' agreed with each other onimportant features and unresolved issues theyassociate with the scholarship of teaching. Building on the results of the Delphi study,the present article discusses the results of asecond survey comparing these ``experts' 'conceptions with those of a larger group ofscholars whose expertise lies in a differentacademic field (``regular academic staff'), inorder to identify the similarities anddifferences in the conceptions of thescholarship of teaching held by each of the twogroups. While regular academic staff werefound to associate the scholarship of teachingmore with good or effectiveteaching ``experts' pointed to notions such aspeer review and scholarly standards. Thediscussion of the results focuses on the notionof consensus reached within and betweenthe two groups. It is argued that in order topromote changes in policy with respect to whatis to count as scholarship, identifying andreporting ``experts' ' conceptions, thoughclearly necessary for promoting moreenlightened discussions on the issue, willremain insufficient. Policy change in academeis more likely to ensue as a result of thewider academic community reaching consensus onthe meaning, and nature, of the scholarship ofteaching. The wider academic community includes``experts', as well as colleagues in departmentsand disciplinary associations. The articleconcludes by exploring the notion of consensusthrough the lens of critical social theory.     

小学科学课程:国际趋势与政策建议——基于10国课程标准的比较

我国小学科学课程标准实验稿颁布十余年来,纷争一直不断.研读国外小学科学课程标准文本,总结国外小学科学课程改革经验与发展趋势,有助于为我国标准的修订与完善提供借镜.综观国际经验,有关我国小学科学课程标准完善的建议主要为:完善课程目标维度,增加具体化的纵向目标;优化课程内容领域,合理设置课程模块;优化课程内容选择与组织,认真对待科学知识;优化课程内容呈现,指导教材编制;细化课程实施建议,为教师提供切实帮助;改进课程评价,制订具体可行的评价标准.