诺尔斯学习契约理论对我国硕士研究生教育的启示

20世纪70年代,美国成人教育学家诺尔斯提出了学习契约理论,旨在通过契约学习的方法,引导学习者朝着自我导向式学习转变,增强学习者的自我学习能力以及适应其个性化学习需求。契约学习理论作为诺尔斯成人教育思想的重要组成部分,对当前我国硕士研究生教育具有重要启示——为导师负责制的落实提供了新的方法视角,有利于研究生个性化课程体系的形成。     

可雇佣性教育模式:理论述评与实践应用

可雇佣性教育模式中有代表性的包括输入-输出模式、Harvey和Locke模式、体验学习模式、高等教育作用模式、全面开发模式等.这些模式基于离校学生的角度,因此也可称为学生的可雇佣性开发模式.这些模式各有千秋,都具有一定的借鉴意义,在应用过程中需要结合一些具体情况进行延伸和拓展.本文指出高等教育机构在进行可雇佣性教育时应该结合宏观环境状况,考虑组织的认可度,合理地进行课程设计,并给学生提供适当的实践机会.在进行可雇佣性教育项目设计时需要结合学生特点以及专业学科特点,这样才能对可雇佣性教育最佳实践模式的探索奠定最基本的前提.     

Development of self-belief for employability in higher education: ability,efficacy and control in context

Self-belief is argued here to be a key aspect of employability development that has been largely under conceptualisation in terms of what the construct may mean and how it may be developed through higher education (HE) study. This paper proposes three fundamental beliefs that need to be fostered in order to develop student self-belief: (1) that ability can be improved; (2) that one has the ability to achieve one's goals; and (3) that the environment will allow for goal attainment. Self-belief needs to be developed within the HE curriculum in the context of disciplinary knowledge and skills. The factors that may influence the development of these beliefs within the curriculum will be explored along with implications for practice that may support the development of self-belief and contribute to the production of employable graduates from HE.     

Using the inquiry-based learning approach to enhance student innovativeness: a conceptual model

ABSTRACT

Individual innovativeness has become one of the most important employability skills for university graduates. In this paper, we focus on how students could be better prepared to be innovative in the workplace, and we argue that inquiry-based learning (IBL) – a pedagogical approach in which students follow the inquiry-based processes used by scientists to construct knowledge – can be effective for this purpose. Drawing on research which examines the social and cognitive micro-foundations of innovative behavior, we develop a conceptual model that links IBL and student innovativeness, and introduce three teacher-controlled design elements that can influence the strength of this relationship, namely whether an inquiry is open or closed, discovery-focused or information focused and individual or team-based. We argue that an open, discovery-focused and team-based inquiry offers the greatest potential for enhancing students’ skills in innovation. This paper has several implications for higher education research and practice.     

The coming and going: the work of educational developers when admission criteria and desired outcomes change simultaneously

Higher education is facing a conundrum relevant to the field of educational development: expectations regarding entrance criteria and graduation attributes are changing simultaneously. Biggs' model of constructive alignment can be used to analyze the challenges presented by these shifts in expectation and help educational developers understand their pedagogical implications. In the present article, an expanded model is proposed in which entrance requirements are added to Biggs' original conceptualization. In so doing, the length of the “learning journey” – from entrance to outcomes – can be charted. When entrance requirements and graduate attributes change simultaneously, higher education must accommodate learning journeys of varying lengths and nature. Moving targets such as these can engender a sense of frustration, if not helplessness, for academic staff responsible for curricular and pedagogical enhancement. However, rather than responding with a sense of helplessness, the educational developer should see these shifts as a real opportunity to support the implementation of a broader range of student-centred teaching/learning activities. Recommendations related to educational development consultations are offered.     

Equal Opportunities in School‐based ITE: A view from one secondary PGCE course

Evidence suggests that equal opportunities issues are neglected in schools and in HEI based initial teacher education courses. It would, therefore, seem reasonable to assume that they will continue to be neglected in school based ITE.

This paper reports the findings of a small scale investigation into what input on equal opportunities students on a one year, school based, secondary PGCE course were receiving. In essence, the findings were that although the majority of students expressed the belief that active, conscious attention to equal opportunities issues is essential for good practice, they were not given the information or guidance they felt was necessary for them to achieve this. Although some students expressed discontent with the treatment equal opportunities were given in the HEI based component of the course, schools received the bulk of the criticism for neglecting this area or for only paying it lip service.

Mentors need to give more attention to equal opportunities if future generations of school students are not to be further disadvantaged.     

基于AHP分析法的大学生就业能力评价体系层次研究

本研究综合国内外学者关于就业能力的相关论述,构建一个综合的就业能力评价体系,并通过层次分析法,对影响大学生就业能力的各类指标权重进行测算与分析,结果显示,大学生创新能力、团队协作能力与自学能力在就业能力评价体系中所占权重较高.     

村民自治视阈下大学生村官制度的思考

大学生村官计划是我国当前备受关注的社会热点问题,在新农村建设的时代背景之下大学生村官制度的实施与村民自治有着密不可分的关系。目前我国大学生村官制度在实施中暴露出了任期的短暂性、与农村环境难以融合、定位不清、未来身份转变等问题,为此应该优化培养环节、增加绩效考察、明确职能范围、完善保障制度。     

高校毕业班学生管理工作研究

高校毕业班学生管理工作是高校学生工作的重要组成部分。毕业班学生管理工作,应结合毕业班实际情况,本着以学生为本的工作理念,采取刚柔相济弹性管理模式,正确引导每一名毕业生踏入社会。     

多元文化视域下研究生核心价值体系教育路径探析

价值观教育是高等学校研究生思想政治教育的重要组成部分。本文主要分析了多元文化背景下研究生多元价值观形成的原因,指出了多元文化背景下研究生核心价值体系教育面临的挑战,重点分析了实施研究生核心价值体系教育的具体路径。