认知心理学关于时间推理研究

时间推理是人们对事件的时序、时距和时点进行推论的心理过程。时间推理是基于一定的表征来进行的 ,不同的表征系统对时间推理的效应不同。如词表表征方向效应和距离效应 ,数字表征产生越界效应。还可以进一步看到 ,对时间信息进行推理 ,实质上就是对时间信息的表征进行信息加工。例如 ,对于词表表征和数值表征 ,就分别有计数的加工和运算的加工两种方式。特别值得指出的是 ,即使对相同的表征 ,也可有不同的加工方式。当前有关时间推理的研究 ,都是从信息表征和内部操作的角度来进行研究的 ,最能体现当前认知心理学研究的特色     

传统几何造型艺术在现代服装设计中的立体表现

近年来,富有形式美感的几何造型服装在时装舞台上越加醒目,越来越多的设计师开始关注传统几何造型艺术在服装设计中的应用价值。如何将传统的造型艺术与现代时尚设计相结合,并创造出新的表现方式,成为研究的关键。在对几何造型的历史渊源及其相关的形式特点进行分析的基础上,对服装廓形、肌理图案、面料中的几何元素在现代服装设计中的立体表现进行分析研究,有利于探索其完美结合后的艺术和商业价值。     

知识可视化视觉表征的内容构建方法

知识可视化中更多探讨视觉表征具有可以表达什么知识内容的功能,却没有根据知识传播的属性,探讨视觉表征如何表达知识内容的方法。为此,文章考察了视觉表征与知识内容的关系特征,并根据信息科学中知识的属性与分类,探讨视觉表征内容的建构方法。     

表象训练在“二十四式”教学中的应用研究

针对武术项目教学三多的问题,以人体生理学运动技能形成的过程为切入点,在传统的二十四式教学方法的基础上采用对比实验法、数理统计法、文献资料等研究方法,对表象训练法的教学效果进行研究。实验证明这种教学方法能激发学生的学习主观想象力,达到更好的教学效果。     

Vicarious learning from dialogue and discourse

This study examined learning in the domain of sentence parsing and syntax treediagram construction. The aim of the study was to assess whether subjects could learn vicariously from recordings of interactions between a previous student and a tutor.Four intervention conditions and a control condition were compared. Subjects in a dialogue group (DL) read printed tutorial notes and subsequently vicariously viewed dynamic (animated) recordings of tree diagrams being constructed by a previous student in the presence of a tutor.The discourse (DI) condition was similar except that subjects viewed recordings of tree diagrams being constructed by a tutor who concurrently verbalised instructional discourse.In a third condition (DO), subjects viewed tree-diagram construction animation clips which were not annotated with either dialogue or discourse. In a linear text (LT) condition, subjects were given only printed tutorial notes. A control (CO) condition involved pre and post testing without any intervention.Results indicated that the dialogue condition was as effective as the discourse condition. This provides support for contention that re-usable dialogue is a useful resource for the vicarious learner. Another finding was that un-annotated animated diagrams were surprisingly effective. Several reasons for their effectiveness are suggested from the literature on instructional animations.     

示意图提示条件下小学生数学问题解决的研究

学生对示意图提示条件普遍持肯定态度;学校教学水平影响学生非视觉化题目上的态度反应,而不影响视觉化题目上的态度反应.从整体上看,示意图提示条件能显著地促进学生的解题,但是这种促进作用受题目视觉化程度、学校教学水平的制约.在一定范围里,随着非视觉化题目难度增加示意图提示条件的作用在增强.     

Representational Issues in Students Learning About Evaporation

This study draws on recent research on the central role of representation in learning. While there has been considerable research on students’ understanding of evaporation, the representational issues entailed in this understanding have not been investigated in depth. The study explored students’ engagement with evaporation phenomena through various representational modes. The study indicates how a focus on representation can provide fresh insights into the conceptual task involved in learning science through an investigation of students’ responses to a structured classroom sequence and subsequent interviews over a year. A case study of one child’s learning demonstrates the way conceptual advances are integrally connected with the development of representational modes. The findings suggest that teacher-mediated negotiation of representational issues as students construct different modal accounts can support enriched learning by enabling both (a) richer conceptual understanding by students, and (b) enhanced teacher insights into students’ thinking.     

如何培养学生的图形设计创意能力

图形是设计作品中最敏感和倍受关注的视觉中心,创意是图形设计中的创造性思维。在艺术设计教学中,加强学生创意能力的培养,其方法主要有:培养学生的想象能力、发散性思维能力、师从生活和自然的能力、讨论交流的能力。     

对“数形结合”解题误区的认识与思考

通过对“数形结合”解题误区的剖析，能明确正确使用数形结合方法以及要注意的问题，避繁就简化难为易，合理、灵活巧妙地运用好数形结合这一解题的双刃剑。     

运动表象训练在高校女生跨栏教学中的运用与研究

根据运动心理学原理，针对普通高校女生在跨栏学习过程中产生的消极、恐惧等现象，将运动表象训练运用到女生跨栏教学中，使跨栏的基本知识、基本技术和基本技能的学习与智能训练相结合，改变了原来跨栏教学枯燥而紧张的教学结构。实验结果表明，其教学结果优于常规教学。