新药研发发展态势分析

新药研发是医药创新发展的关键环节,是新一轮生命科技革命和生物经济变革的核心领域,对引领科技创新、带动经济发展、提升人民健康福祉具有战略意义。当前,前沿技术不断革新、学科跨域融合、数字深度赋能驱动新药研发领域创新日趋活跃,国内外创新性小分子药物、抗体药物、免疫细胞治疗、基因治疗与核酸药物等密集获批上市,为未满足的临床需求提供更多选择。文章深入分析新药研发领域发展趋势、全球新药批准情况,以及我国新药研发发展现状与态势,提出发展启示与建议,以期为新药研发领域发展提供参考。     

Molecular design revitalizes the low-cost PTV-polymer for highly efficient organic solar cells

Developing photovoltaic materials with simple chemical structures and easy synthesis still remains a major challenge in the industrialization process of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, an ester substituted poly(thiophene vinylene) derivative, PTVT-T, was designed and synthesized in very few steps by adopting commercially available raw materials. The ester groups on the thiophene units enable PTVT-T to have a planar and stable conformation. Moreover, PTVT-T presents a wide absorption band and strong aggregation effect in solution, which are the key characteristics needed to realize high performance in non-fullerene-acceptor (NFA)-based OSCs. We then prepared OSCs by blending PTVT-T with three representative fullerene- and NF-based acceptors, PC₇₁BM, IT-4F and BTP-eC9. It was found that PTVT-T can work well with all the acceptors, showing great potential to match new emerging NFAs. Particularly, a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 16.20% is achieved in a PTVT-T:BTP-eC9-based device, which is the highest value among the counterparts based on PTV derivatives. This work demonstrates that PTVT-T shows great potential for the future commercialization of OSCs.     

Injectable hybrid inorganic nanoscaffold as rapid stem cell assembly template for cartilage repair

Cartilage injuries are often devastating and most cannot be cured because of the intrinsically low regenerative capacity of cartilage tissues. Although stem-cell therapy has shown enormous potential for cartilage repair, the therapeutic outcome has been restricted by low survival rates and poor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Here, we report an injectable hybrid inorganic (IHI) nanoscaffold that facilitates fast assembly, enhances survival and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. IHI nanoscaffolds that strongly bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins assemble stem cells through synergistic 3D cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, creating a favorable physical microenvironment for stem-cell survival and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, chondrogenic factors can be loaded into nanoscaffolds with a high capacity, which allows deep, homogenous drug delivery into assembled 3D stem-cell-derived tissues for effective control over the soluble microenvironment of stem cells. The developed IHI nanoscaffolds that assemble with stem cells are injectable. They also scavenge reactive oxygen species and timely biodegrade for proper integration into injured cartilage tissues. Implantation of stem-cell-assembled IHI nanoscaffolds into injured cartilage results in accelerated tissue regeneration and functional recovery. By establishing our IHI nanoscaffold-templated 3D stem-cell assembly method, we provide a promising approach to better overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment associated with cartilage injuries and to advance current stem-cell-based tissue engineering.     

可用于城市空气污染预报的嵌套气象模式系统

基于区域大气模拟系统 ,采用网格嵌套方法 ,发展了由区域尺度气象模式 (R αM )和城市尺度气象模式 (C βM )组成的嵌套模式预报系统 ,为空气污染预报提供必需的气象要素场。共进行了 5组预报实验 ,并分别与对应区域和城市尺度的两类静力平衡预报模式 :Eta模式 (区域尺度 )和M βM (城市尺度 )的预报结果进行了比较研究。结果表明 ,R αM和C βM预报结果更能准确合理地反映天气系统的实际变化规律 ,其预报效果明显好于Eta模式和M βM。建立的嵌套模式预报系统可为空气污染业务预报提供一个好的工作平台     

基于网格的网络教育资源管理模式

在当前的资源建设中,存在优质资源缺少、重复建设严重、资源检索技术智能化水平低、资源的获取及更新慢以及动态适应性差等问题,其中最大的缺陷是没有形成资源的有效共享。网格技术是实现网络信息资源共享的技术之一,它不仅可以管理数量巨大的资源,而且也可以快速、有序、动态化地组织和整合异构的资源,使网络的教育资源达到全面的共享,有效提高网络教育资源管理的水平。     

运动训练中内皮素与心血管系统关系的综述

为了了解运动训练中内皮素对心血管系统的作用.采用文献资料法论述了内皮素的主要生理作用,综述了国内外有关内皮素与运动训练关系的研究现状及该领域研究中存在的问题.研究表明:适宜强度的有氧耐力运动,可以改善内皮素的释放量进而有利于心血管系统在运动训练中的适应.     

基于射线模型的超宽带栅状路由冲突重整算法

在使用无线网格网技术建设的网络中,其拓扑结构呈格栅状,通过路由协议快速形成超宽带网络,超宽带格栅状网络路由因为协议局限导致路由冲突,需要进行路由冲突在线重整,保证网络通信协议的安全稳定。传统的重整算法采用调制码元帧格式扫频方法实现路由信道均衡,优化任务调度,当网络信道的扩展损失呈突变衰减时,路由冲突重整效果不好。提出一种基于射线模型的超宽带栅状路由冲突重整算法,使用线性异域网络编码方式构建格栅状网络环式路由模型,采用射线模型构建邻居节点网络路由统计学模型,分析路由冲突信号的超宽带特征。计算超宽带格栅状路由协议的链路跨层信息,得到网络通信信道系统函数,根据多目标优化理论,把路由冲突协议叠加到射线模型的波动方程,实现基于射线模型的路由冲突优化重整。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高路由负载的均衡度,展示了算法优越的性能。     

白细胞介素18及其生物活性

白细胞介素18(IL-18)是新近发现的一种细胞因子，能诱导TH1细胞等产生IFN-r，GM-CSF等细胞因子及Fas配体，具有增强THI细胞和NK细胞的细胞毒作用等免疫调节功能，在抗病原微生物感染、抗肿瘤及抗超敏反映等方面具有潜在的应用前景，同时，它也是内毒素诱导的小鼠肝坏死性休克的关键因子。     

APL-based flexibility analysis of manufacturing grid

With the characteristics of diversity, randomness, concurrency and decomposability, tasks in manufacturing field are very complicated, and so manufacturing grid(MG)should have considerable flexibility to deal with this problem. With the definition of node and arc, MG structure is converted into a small-world network. Given construction cost constraint, the problem of shortest task waiting time is transformed into the constrained optimization problem, and a corresponding flexibility analysis model based on average path length(APL)is proposed, and the premise of arc-length and node-distance are defined. The results of application example show that the analysis model is effective.