Guiding Low Spatial Ability Individuals through Visual Cueing: The Dual Importance of Where and When to Look

Research suggests that spatial ability may predict success in complex disciplines including anatomy, where mastery requires a firm understanding of the intricate relationships occurring along the course of veins, arteries, and nerves, as they traverse through and around bones, muscles, and organs. Debate exists on the malleability of spatial ability, and some suggest that spatial ability can be enhanced through training. It is hypothesized that spatial ability can be trained in low-performing individuals through visual guidance. To address this, training was completed through a visual guidance protocol. This protocol was based on eye-movement patterns of high-performing individuals, collected via eye-tracking as they completed an Electronic Mental Rotations Test (EMRT). The effects of guidance were evaluated using 33 individuals with low mental rotation ability, in a counterbalanced crossover design. Individuals were placed in one of two treatment groups (late or early guidance) and completed both a guided, and an unguided EMRT. A third group (no guidance/control) completed two unguided EMRTs. All groups demonstrated an increase in EMRT scores on their second test (P < 0.001); however, an interaction was observed between treatment and test iteration (P = 0.024). The effect of guidance on scores was contingent on when the guidance was applied. When guidance was applied early, scores were significantly greater than expected (P = 0.028). These findings suggest that by guiding individuals with low mental rotation ability “where” to look early in training, better search approaches may be adopted, yielding improvements in spatial reasoning scores. It is proposed that visual guidance may be applied in spatial fields, such as STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine), surgery, and anatomy to improve student's interpretation of visual content. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.     

Strength,Weakness, Opportunity,Threat (SWOT) Analysis of the Adaptations to Anatomical Education in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland in Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has driven the fastest changes to higher education across the globe, necessitated by social distancing measures preventing face-to-face teaching. This has led to an almost immediate switch to distance learning by higher education institutions. Anatomy faces some unique challenges. Intrinsically, anatomy is a three-dimensional subject that requires a sound understanding of the relationships between structures, often achieved by the study of human cadaveric material, models, and virtual resources. This study sought to identify the approaches taken in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland to deliver anatomical education through online means. Data were collected from 14 different universities in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland and compared adopting a thematic analysis approach. Once themes were generated, they were collectively brought together using a strength, weakness, opportunity, threat (SWOT) analysis. Key themes included the opportunity to develop new online resources and the chance to engage in new academic collaborations. Academics frequently mentioned the challenge that time constrains could place on the quality and effectiveness of these resources; especially as in many cases the aim of these resources was to compensate for a lack of exposure to cadaveric exposure. Comparisons of the actions taken by multiple higher education institutions reveal the ways that academics have tried to balance this demand. Discussions will facilitate decisions being made by higher education institutions regarding adapting the curriculum and assessment methods in anatomy.     

学历教育院校实验室建设与管理

针对学历教育院校的特点,从实验室管理体制、运行机制等8个方面,论述了如何加强实验室建设与管理,更好地为培养高素质军事人才服务。     

可自动批改电子试卷设计与实现

文章通过挖掘常见应用软件本身具有的功能,阐述了三种不同机制实现可自动批改电子试卷的设计原理,制作可以实现自动批改的网页试卷、DOC/PPT试卷和电子表格试卷。     

建设应用生物科学实验教学中心

以培养新世纪创新型人才为教育理念,借助对本科生进行专业调整的有利时机,整合分散的实验室资源,建立了新的实验教学中心,并在实验室建设、实验人员配置、实验教学管理、实验教学体系改革等方面进行了创新性的尝试。     

从2004年全国高考谈文科综合科目的协作

随着社会的发展，以考查学生运用多门学科知识分析、解决实际问题能力为重点的文科综合考试势在必行。面对文综考试，文综老师如何加强协作，建立一种合理、有效的协作机制，已成为一个值得研究的课题。本文综合笔者的教学实践，从教师教学观念的转变、对时政保持敏锐洞察力、立足政治学科训练，建立三科协作机制等方面作探讨，以期实现预期的目标。     

视交叉与蝶鞍关系的临床解剖学研究

目的:研究视交叉的解剖特点,进而为垂体肿瘤切除手术提供解剖学依据.方法:在20例成年男性头部标本上,对视交叉进行观察与测量.结果:视交叉前缘与鞍结节相距4.42±1.17mm,视交叉前缘与交叉前沟相距7.0±1.1mm,视交叉与镰状韧带颅前窝附着处后缘相距10.7±1.02mm,视交叉宽度为10.6±1.2mm,在出视神经管、入颅处,两侧视神经内缘相距14.8±1.9mm.结论:视交叉的解剖关系是垂体瘤手术成功与否的关键.     

关于申论考试中几个问题的分析

申论考试是我国公开、公正、公平选拔公务员制度的一种创新,为造就一支高素质、专业化的国家公务员队伍提供了一个规范化的竞争平台。中沦考试的主要特点是“试卷编排的程序性”、“答题过程的程序性”、“能力测试的综合性”、“考试的限制性”。申论考试是一种全新的考试,应掌握一定的阅读方法,紧扣方案的针对性,做到看清“虚拟身份”,明确文体要求,突出可行性。论述写作力争做到拟题脱俗巧点睛,以小见大高立意,说理论道重分析,言活语实可触摸,有的放矢关痛痒．辩证论述防片面．     

电连接器实验室的联合共建

介绍了电连接器行业的发展概况,对于电连接器实验室的建设进行了探索和实践,从软硬件两个方面详细阐述了建设规划和内容,力图建立一个系统性能配置合理,能满足连接器研发人员培训,科研开发需要的且符合国家标准的电连接器检测实验室,使其在科技水平上能紧跟现代电连接器技术发展,在功能应用上促进产学研紧密结合,协调发展。     

试卷诊断专家系统研究

利用模糊最小集方法 ,提出了一种考试试卷分析和诊断模型 该模型首先确定诊断参数向量对应症状的最大可能分布 ,再由界限值决定症状集 ,最后利用诊断逻辑进行识别 另外给出了一个试卷诊断问题的应用实例