Evaluating Growth for ELL Students: Implications for Accountability Policies

In recent years, many U.S. states have introduced growth models as part of their educational accountability systems. Although the validity of growth‐based accountability models has been evaluated for the general population, the impact of those models for English language learner (ELL) students, a growing segment of the student population, has not received sufficient attention. We evaluated three commonly used growth models: value tables or transition matrices, projection models, and student growth percentiles (SGP). The value table model identified more ELL students as on track to proficiency, but with lower accuracy for ELL students. The projection and SGP models were more accurate overall, but classified the fewest ELL students as on track and were less likely to identify ELL students who would later be proficient. We found that each model had significant trade‐offs in terms of the decisions made for ELL students. These findings should be replicated in additional state contexts and considered in the development of future growth‐based accountability policies.     

成长困境的寓言--《从百草园到三味书屋》主题别解

分析对《从百草园到三味书屋》主题既往理解之不足.对"百草园"、"三味书屋"意象的象征寓意进行把握,指出《从百草园到三味书屋》是对童年成长过程必然经历自然天趣与文化规束两个阶段、二者共同参与塑造生命形象的寓言写照.     

浅析青少年生理发育特点与体育教学卫生

合理的运动可以起到增强心脏功能，改善呼吸系统功能，提高消化系统功能。不合理的运动将会与之背道而驰。针对青少年身体各器官的生理发育特点，通过对运动系统、心血管系统和呼吸系统、神经系统的生理发育特点以及体育教学卫生等方面的分析研究，认为：在体育教学中，应根据青少年运动系统的卫生，注意青少年心血管系统和呼吸系统的卫生，还应把握青少年神经系统的发育特点，促进大脑皮层兴奋与抑制，均衡发展卫生。     

植物生长调节剂在作物生产中的安全使用

植物生长调节剂已广泛应用于农作物生产中，能有效改善作物生长状况，提高产品产量和品质，但使用不当也会造成严重的药害。在实际生产中要注意安全使用植物生长调节剂，根据作物品种和使用目标，来选择植物生长调节剂的类型，严格控制浓度及施用方法、时间和次数，从而充分发挥植物生长调节剂的效果。     

钢纤维高强混凝土配制与施工工艺

根据高强混凝土的力学性能，提出在工程中采用钢纤维高强混凝土的优越性，对钢纤维高强混凝土的原材料选择、配合比设计以及拌合、浇注等关键问题作了详尽的探讨和归纳，并对具体实例分析了钢纤维高强混凝土的配合比对性能的影响。     

老子"自然无为"的意蕴及其现代价值

“自然无为”是老子哲学思想的显著特色。老子思想中“自然无为”命题并不是无所作为,随心所欲,而是要以辩证法的原则指导人们的社会生活,帮助人们寻找顺应自然、遵循事物客观发展的规律。结合道法自然的生态理念、清静无为的处世哲学、自然纯真的人生旨趣等若干问题,揭示老子“自然无为”这一思想的现代价值。     

平直界面一维晶体生长问题的相似解

对于平直界面下由过冷边界开始的熔体的一维凝固过程，考虑液态中远场温度高于凝固温度，而底板温度低于凝固温度，利用相似性解法分别求解固液态温度，分析其结果，说明由低温区长入高温区的界面总是稳定的，从而更加完善了一维晶体生长理论．     

A new pedagogical model for adventure in the curriculum: part one – advocating for the model

Background: In recent years increasing attention has been given to models-based approaches to physical education as a way of promoting standards and particular types of learning through better alignment of teacher planning and delivery with pupil learning and achievement. However, little attention has been given to the specific contribution a pedagogical model for outdoor adventure education (OAE) has to make to pupils learning.

Purpose: This paper is presented in two parts. Part one is an advocacy paper and draws upon the broader discourse around models-based practice to make a case for the development of a pedagogical model for OAE. Drawing upon guidelines for models-based approaches to physical education, this paper considers the theoretical foundation, rationale, review of research findings and major theme that inform the development of a model of OAE.

Conclusions: The selected review of the research suggests that the major impact of OAE is upon the affective domain, particularly in relation to pupils developing a positive self-concept. Learning is also evident in the cognitive and physical domains, but this is secondary to learning in the affective domain. Drawing upon the analysis of the research literature, the major theme for the model is identified as ‘personal growth through adventure’ and ‘OAE’ is suggested as the name of the model. Part two of this paper builds upon these foundations to outline what a pedagogical model for OAE might look like in a secondary school in the UK.     

Neuromuscular and technical abilities related to age in water-polo players

Testing is one of the important tasks in any multi-step sport programme. In most ball games, coaches assess motor, physical and technical skills on a regular basis in early stages of talent identification in order to further athletes’ development. The purpose of the study was to investigate anthropometric variables and vertical jump heights as a free throw effectiveness predictor in water-polo players of different age groups. Two hundred and thirty-six young (10–18 years) male water-polo players partitioned into three age groups underwent anthropometric variables’ measures and squat- and countermovement-jump tests, and performed water-polo free throws. Anthropometric variables, vertical jump heights and throw speed – as a proxy for free throw effectiveness – resulted different over age groups. Particularly, throw speed changed from 9.28 to 13.70 m · s^?1 (+48%) from younger to older players. A multiple-regression model indicated that body height, squat-jump height and throw time together explain 52% of variance of throw speed. In conclusion, tall height, high lower limb power and throwing quickness appeared to be relevant determinants for effective free throws. Such indications can help coaches during talent identification and development processes, even by means of novel training strategies. Further research is needed over different maturity statuses.     

工程力学建模

传统的工程力学教学,直接就力学模型讲授理论的应用,缺乏从工程问题中抽象出力学模型的环节,与应用脱节,不利于学生的技能培养。在教学实际中,可以根据"可靠性"、"经济性"原则,将工程力学建模分解为"主体的处理"、"力的处理"、"联结的处理"三个基本过程。