“But it doesn’t come naturally”: how effort expenditure shapes the benefit of growth mindset on women’s sense of intellectual belonging in computing

Research suggests growth mindset, or the belief that knowledge is acquired through effort, may enhance women’s sense of belonging in male-dominated disciplines, like computing. However, other research indicates women who spend a great deal of time and energy in technical fields experience a low sense of belonging. The current study assessed the benefits of a growth mindset on women’s (and men’s) sense of intellectual belonging in computing, accounting for the amount of time and effort dedicated to academics. We define “intellectual belonging” as the sense that one is believed to be a competent member of the community. Whereas a stronger growth mindset was associated with stronger intellectual belonging for men, a growth mindset only boosted women’s intellectual belonging when they did not work hard on academics. Our findings suggest, paradoxically, women may not benefit from a growth mindset in computing when they exert a lot of effort.     

安徽省与周边省份资本分布情况比较研究

将安徽、山东、江苏、江西四省并列,对90年代以来影响各省资本分布的各个因素:区域经济增长差异、财政转移支付差异、信贷投放差异、外商直接投资利用差异进行了深入分析并对四者所反映出来的情况与问题做了系统研究,从而发现从中央财政支付转移的角度看,山东、江苏二省每年都有相当数额的财政收入上缴中央政府,而安徽、江西二省2000年以来每年都接受大量的中央政府财政补贴,并有逐年增大的趋势.从银行及其资本渠道来看,四省均出现资本外流现象.     

Mathematical Modeling in the Primary School: Children's Construction of a Consumer Guide

This paper examines 6th grade children's local conceptual development and mathematization processes as they worked a comprehensive mathematical modeling problem (creating a consumer guide for deciding the best snack chip) over several class periods. The children and their teachers were participating in a 3-year longitudinal teaching experiment in which sequences of mathematical modeling problems were implemented from the 5th grade (10 years of age) though to the 7th grade. In contrast to traditional problem solving, mathematical modeling requires children to generate and develop their own mathematical ideas and processes, and to form systems of relationships that are generalizable and reusable. Reported here is a detailed analysis of the iterative cycles of development of one group of children as they worked the problem, followed by a summary of the mathematization processes displayed by all groups. Children's critical reflections on their models are also reported. The results show how children can independently develop constructs and processes through meaningful problem solving. Children's development included creating systems for operationally defining constructs; selecting, categorizing, and ranking factors; quantifying quantitative and qualitative data; and transforming quantities.     

IT中小企业的管理困境与对策探析--以成都某IT中小企业C公司为例

经历过初创期高速扩张的IT中小企业进入成长期后,成长速度开始逐渐放缓甚至停止,IT业成长障碍的问题困扰着IT中小企业和企业家.本文从一家IT中小公司--C公司面临的成长障碍入手,探讨了现阶段IT中小企业普遍存在的管理困境,本文认为IT中小企业要跨越成长障碍,走出管理困境,最核心的是解决发展战略建立和管理转型的问题.     

CILT2000: Visualization and Modeling

CILT2000 helped VisMod evolve from a collection of local and distinct research and development efforts into a solid field of education. Previous intellectual efforts focused around a) modeling and simulation tools, b) visual explanation tools, c) visual data analysis tools, d) exploring student needs in the context of VisMod, and e) exploring instructional frameworks for VisMod. These focus areas have evolved in two main trajectories, representing the evolution of the field, the generalization trend, which seeks to identify general principles and guidelines for designing learning environments, and the equitable application trend, seeking to use knowledge gained in the field to leverage education in general.     

互联网上的虚拟漫游

基于图像的绘制技术能够克服传统的几何方法建模繁琐、计算复杂的缺陷 ,因而是一种高效的实时虚拟场景绘制新方法。介绍基于图像的VR建模原理和JAVA语言的图形方法 ;讨论了互联网上虚拟场景漫游系统的程序设计 ,该系统采用全景图和基于图像的动画建立虚拟环境 ,用户通过浏览器按钮能够实现多种方式的漫游。     

棉花施用惠满丰有机复混肥增产效应研究

在当季不施肥,皮棉产量50kg/667m~2以上的生产条件下,棉花施用惠满丰有机复混肥30-70kg/667m~2,伏前桃增加1-1.5个,株高增加9.9-17.1cm,茎粗增加0.2-0.8mm,有效果枝增加约1.3个,单株成铃数增多1.1-3.1个,单铃重约增加0.4-0.5g,霜前花率提高3-9个百分点,衣分、子指也有所提高,比对照增产皮棉14.1-31.8kg/667m~2,增幅27.4％-61.1％(平均45％)。在等养分量情况下,惠满丰有机复混肥肥效优于化肥。惠满丰有机复混肥的经济合理施肥量为70kg/667m~2。     

简论科技史对青少年的教育功能

科技史教育在培养青少年的爱国主义精神和献身科学的敬业精神、帮助青少年正确理解“科学技术是第一生产力”、明确掌握科技的目的、增强科技兴国的意识等方面具有独特的功能。在对青少年的施教过程中加强科技史教育是非常必要的。     

服务经济理论演变

文章划分了服务经济理论发展的萌芽、产生、发展及深化阶段,并就各阶段产业背景和主要理论观点进行了总结分析,最后指出是经济社会进步推动了服务业的升级,同时服务的创新也成为经济增长的引擎。大力推进中国服务经济的发展具有重要的战略意义。     

Statistical Power of the Multiple Domain Latent Growth Model for Detecting Group Differences

The latent growth model (LGM) in structural equation modeling (SEM) may be extended to allow for the modeling of associations among multiple latent growth trajectories, resulting in a multiple domain latent growth model (MDLGM). While the MDLGM is conceived as a more powerful multivariate analysis technique, the examination of its methodological performance is very limited. Hence, the present study compared the power of the MDLGM with that of a set of univariate LGMs for detecting group differences in growth rates over time using a Monte Carlo study with a two-group and two-domain design. The results indicated that there were different scenarios where the power rates for the MDLGM were greater than that of the set of LGMs (and vice versa) due to a joint function of the two domains’ intercorrelation size and the group difference effect size.