砌体裂缝的成因,处理方法及其选择

砌体裂缝是工程上非常普遍的质量事故之一。裂缝的存在降低了砌体的整体性、耐久性和抗震性能等各方面质量。分析了砌体结构产生裂缝的原因的基础上,介绍了处理裂缝的方法,以及砌体裂缝处理方法的选择。     

Internet上网站资源的评价

本文讨论了Internet上网站的特点,评价网站的重要性及一些评价指标,提出了模拟的综合评价指标体系。     

生物柴油发展思路与政策建议

生物柴油是清洁的可再生能源,具有良好的环保性能。发展生物柴油对于调整农业结构、增加农民收入、改善生态环境等具有重要意义。当前,我国生物柴油产业发展处于起步阶段,需要明确发展思路和政策:开展资源调查,制定产业发展规划;加强技术研发;培育持续稳定的市场需求,疏通销售渠道;制定生物柴油质量标准和生物柴油标准体系;加强部门之间的协调,处理好国内几大石油公司之间及其与民营企业、其他国有企业以及外资企业的关系。     

PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S: common questions on tracking records and the flow diagram

The PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S guidelines help systematic review teams report their reviews clearly, transparently, and with sufficient detail to enable reproducibility. PRISMA 2020, an updated version of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, is complemented by PRISMA-S, an extension to PRISMA focusing on reporting the search components of systematic reviews. Several significant changes were implemented in PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S when compared with the original version of PRISMA in 2009, including the recommendation to report search strategies for all databases, registries, and websites that were searched. PRISMA-S also recommends reporting the number of records identified from each information source. One of the most challenging aspects of the new guidance from both documents has been changes to the flow diagram. In this article, we review some of the common questions about using the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram and tracking records through the systematic review process.     

论绿色城市

绿色城市是人类永恒的追求,其核心理念是健康宜居.基于时间顺序,阐述了绿色城市概念的演化.国外十大绿色城市的"绿色"特征,可为中国建设发展绿色城市提供借鉴.结合绿色城市设计导则,介绍绿色城市评价指标体系.将绿色空间置于城市开发和更新的中心地位是绿色城市哲学的国际准则.绿色城市建设与城市艺术设计相结合可以彰显城市个性.基于...     

The importance and degree of implementation of the European standards and guidelines for internal quality assurance in universities: the views of Portuguese academics

Abstract

The article aims at critically discussing the role and position of a buffer agency from the point of view of some of its different tasks, viz. accreditation, quality audit, support of academic leadership and internal quality enhancement The contribution seeks to illuminate the conflicting roles of a buffer orgamsation in the light of these tasks and pressures from the government and higher education institutions. It concludes that the different roles can support and complement each other, and that change is best accomplished by emphasising support in the early stages of the establishment of a national quality assurance system.     

How do we handle self-plagiarism in submitted manuscripts?

Self-plagiarism is a controversial issue in scientific writing and presentation of research data. Unlike plagiarism, self-plagiarism is difficult to interpret as intellectual theft under the justification that one cannot steal from oneself. However, academics are concerned, as self-plagiarized papers mislead readers, do not contribute to science, and bring undeserved credit to authors. As such, it should be considered a form of scientific misconduct. In this paper, we explain different forms of self-plagiarism in scientific writing and then present good editorial policy toward questionable material. The importance of dealing with self-plagiarism is emphasized by the recently published proposal of Text Recycling Guidelines by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).     

The effective reduction of tourniquet application time after minor modification of the CLSI H03-A6 blood collection procedure

Introduction:

The phlebotomists’ procedures are a still source of laboratory variability. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of minor modification in procedure for collection of diagnostic blood specimens by venipuncture from CLSI H03-A6 document is able to reduce the tourniquet application time.

Materials and methods:

Thirty phlebotomists were invited to participate. Each phlebotomist was trained individually to perform the new venipuncture procedure that shortens the time of tourniquet release and removal. The phlebotomy training program was delivered over 8h. After training, all phlebotomists were monitored for 20 working days, to guarantee the adoption of the correct new procedures for collection of diagnostic blood specimens. After this time frame the phlebotomists were evaluated to verify whether the new procedure for blood collection derived from CLSI H03-A6 document was effective to improve the quality process by decrease in tourniquet application time. We compared the tourniquet application time and qualitative difference of phlebotomy procedures between laboratories before and after phlebotomy training.

Results:

The overall mean ± SD tourniquet application time before and after this intervention were 118 ± 1 s and 30 ± 1 s respectively. Minor modifications in procedure for blood collection were able to reduce significantly the tourniquet application time (−88 s, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The minor modifications in procedure for collection of diagnostic blood specimens by venipuncture from CLSI H03-A6 document were able to reduce the tourniquet application time. Now the proposed new procedure for collection of diagnostic blood specimens by venipuncture could be considered usefulness and should be put into practice by all quality laboratory managers and/or phlebotomy coordinators to avoid preanalytical errors regard venous stasis and guarantee patient safety.     

Facebook: Maintaining Ethical Practice in the Cyberspace Age

Current technology provides counseling center clinicians regular and immediate access to the students they work with via social networking. Focusing on Facebook in particular, this article discusses the opportunities and challenges this access creates and specifically explores how utilization of ethical, clinical, and cultural lenses might affect decisions about Facebook use, with particular emphasis on consideration of appropriate ethical principles and standards. The authors encourage counseling center staff members and trainees to consult with one another regarding use of Facebook and offer specific scenarios for engaging in discussions about this topic. The article concludes with guidelines for making decisions related to social networking.