Prevalence of family violence and mental health and their relation to peer victimization: A representative study of adolescent students in Southwestern Uganda

BackgroundDespite global efforts to end violence against children in all settings, reports reveal that violence against children is still highly prevalent, especially in low-and middle- income countries. Violence in childhood is associated with a host of negative outcomes, and exposure in one setting can easily spill over to other contexts. For instance, exposure to family violence was not only related to mental health problems but also seems to be a risk factor for peer victimization.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to examine the prevalence of maltreatment within the family and adolescents’ mental health problems and their relation to peer victimization. We also aimed to gain new insights into the perceptions of adolescents concerning maltreatment within their families.MethodsData were collected from April to November 2017 in a representative sample of 702 students from 12 public secondary schools in Southwestern Uganda who responded to self-administered questionnaires.ResultsOverall, 95% of the students experienced at least one type of family violence in the past month. Students (81.3%) had endorsed some level of acceptance of violent discipline as a valid strategy in response to any misbehavior. Maltreatment within the family was related to peer victimization (β = .47) and this relation was mediated by mental health problems (0.002, 95%-CI: 0.001–0.004).ConclusionsThe results indicated a high prevalence of maltreatment within Ugandan families that was associated with peer victimization. This underscores the need to implement interventions aiming to reduce maltreatment and violence in order to protect children from potentially negative consequences.     

The mental health and wellbeing of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors (URMs)

BackgroundToday, almost half of all refugees worldwide are children and adolescents, nearly a quarter of whom arrive in Europe as Unaccompanied Refugee Minors (URM). Many URMs have experienced the cumulative stress of being exposed both to the adverse environmental conditions which drive forced migration, and to the traumatic experience of displacement and resettlement. These experiences, coupled with other developmental stressors, may impede their overall development and increase their likelihood of mental health problems. Despite the evident vulnerability of URMs, much controversy currently surrounds the legitimacy of their arrival in host countries and their mental health is given little consideration.ObjectiveThis review synthesises and examines the limited published literature on the impact of traumatic refugee experiences on the mental health and development of URMs.MethodsAcademic databases and other sources were searched using key terms relating to URMs and mental health.ResultsThe findings confirm in large part that being a URM negatively influences mental health development, and that adolescence and being female are particular indicators of increased risk of psychiatric disorders. However, cultural differences in measurement and assessment of mental health are important confounding factors.ConclusionsThe current literature on youth in transit consistently paints a picture of how experiences URMs face can place a great burden on their mental health - clearly depicting an urgent need to consider their mental health within the current climate. The pressing need for improved care based on best practice is discussed.     

高职大学生父母教养方式现状及策略研究

父母教养方式对子女的身心健康发展有着最为直接和密切的影响,对高职大学生的心理健康水平有着重要影响,应积极努力构造学生主体、家庭、学校、社会的四位一体的全员育人系统,从而为探索合理的高职大学生家庭教育模式提供良好的架构平台。     

积极心理学理论下心理健康课堂的定位与特质

就心理健康教育而言,方法和途径尽管多种多样,但心理健康教育的主渠道始终是课堂教学。根据积极心理学理论,建构致力于培养学生积极人格的心理健康课堂,是开展积极心理健康教育的重中之重。积极心理学理论下的心理健康课堂需定位于学生积极品质的开发与培养,具备追求积极的课堂价值取向,活动导向的课堂教学思维,直通生活的课堂教学内容,正向多元的课堂反馈机制的课堂特质。     

生态链视角下医疗卫生领域知识服务模式探索

[目的/意义]旨在为医疗卫生领域知识服务提供理论与实践参考。[方法/过程]在生态链视角下,面向医疗卫生领域构建以生态链中的生产者为知识创新主体、分解者为知识实践主体、消费者为知识受益主体的医疗卫生领域知识依赖关系模型,并在此基础上,围绕知识服务各要素以及之间的关系探索医疗卫生领域知识服务模式。[结果/结论]提出医疗卫生资源消费者知识服务模式、医疗卫生资源生产者知识服务模式以及医疗卫生资源分解者知识服务模式。     

Making Bio-Expectations

This paper marks one attempt to open up the boundaries of humanitarianism to the diverse effects of scientific objects, practices and technologies. It follows the frontiers of their effects with one particularly consequential practice of scientific reductionism through its implication with vitamin A deficiency. I open up how the scientific articulation of vitamin A is not simply about reductionism as a process of limiting, but one that unfolds as something more malleable, more multiple; how it is a shifting, distributed reality that speaks of the ongoing effects of reductionism as giving life to, among other things, emotive abstractions, and efforts to widen a distinctly humanitarian promise. I show how this scientific practice puts into play a set of emotive abstractions around the figure of the ‘Third World child’, un/remaking the problem as a morally tense ‘bio-expectation’ that ensures the survival of children across the generalised expanse of the Global South.     

辅助生殖队列建设在生殖医学研究中的作用

生殖健康事关国计民生。“提高生殖健康水平,改善出生人口素质”,是我国人口健康核心战略。随着我国经济社会快速发展,环境污染和食品安全问题增加,产生大量生殖健康问题。不孕不育已经成为仅次于肿瘤和心血管疾病的第三大疾病,给家庭和社会带来了巨大的负担,阐明不孕不育相关疾病的分子机制并依此提出切实可行的防治对策,有效降低出生缺陷的发生率,是生殖健康与遗传领域亟待研究的课题,也是我国经济与社会发展的重大需求。随着辅助生殖技术的飞速发展,通过该技术出生的婴儿数量逐年上升,然而,与自然出生的婴儿相比,其安全性及伴随而来的子代健康问题亟待评估。本文主要总结分析我国辅助生殖队列建设的必要性和重大意义。     

生命教育理念融入“大学生心理健康教育”课的组织与实施

本文分析高校加强生命教育的原因,指出心理健康教育课程中加强生命教育的作用与意义,并从心理知识、教学方法、心理教师、课程考核上的融入四个方面提出生命教育理念融入心理健康教育课的方法。     

健康中国视域下体育产业与健康产业融合发展路径研究

社会经济的高速发展使人们的生活方式发生显著转变,由此引发慢性病患病率上升及身体健康水平下降等一系列问题,并对我国公共健康事业的发展带来一定挑战。现有的医疗保障体系并不足以应对未来慢性病泛滥的隐患,需要从治理理念角度出发,重塑现有的公共健康治理模式,借助体育产业这一大众产业推进体育与健康产业的融合,实现主动养护与被动防治的结合,进而建立全方位、系统化的健康治理模式,推动我国居民整体健康水平的可持续提升。     

李渔养生思想与杨朱哲学

李渔养生学说与杨朱学派养生思想在一些基本原则上具有相似性。李渔对古代养生思想作了大幅度的扬弃与整合,形成了一个以道家化的杨朱学派的养生思想为主、杂取儒道养生合理成分和后世养生精华的驳杂的混合体。