A commentary on the social responsibility of occupational therapy education

As one of the allied health professions, occupational therapy has adopted a primarily clinical focus on human occupation (or the process of daily life) and this is reflected in education, which has until recently tended to overlook contextual social factors such as poverty, marginalisation, exclusion, unemployment, incarceration and immigration. However, daily life is enabled, and potentially dis-abled, along the axes of several cultural and political constructs, such as gender, employment status and ethnicity.

This article presents a critical commentary of the social responsibility of occupational therapy education. Furthermore, it discusses the need for educational practices that can enact an integration of personal and professional perspectives so as to lead to a more holistic understanding of occupation, incorporating not only clinical but also social and political factors.

This article argues for the development of a political approach to occupational therapy education that can lead to an awareness of the cultural influences that they bring to their workplace, and a critical consideration of concepts such as ‘justice’ and ‘occupation’. The development of a political practice of occupational therapy calls for an appreciation of the diversity of human occupation and the circumstances that enable it and can be realised through the establishment of innovative educational partnerships, such as community–university collaborations.     

Factor analysis and predictive validity of the Early Risks of Physical Abuse and Neglect Scale (ERPANS): A prospective study in Dutch public youth healthcare

Early detection of child abuse risk factors in families of new-born babies is an important task of the public youth health care system in the Netherlands. The Early Risks of Physical Abuse and Neglect Scale (ERPANS) was originally developed in Belgium as an observation scale for public child healthcare nurses. The present longitudinal study is an independent prospective validation of the ERPANS in a Dutch community sample (N = 1257) of families with a new-born. Results showed a commonality of underlying subsets of items belonging to the ‘Disturbed parent-child relationship’ and ‘Psychological problems’ factors, but the factor ‘Communication problems’ of the original ERPANS could not be replicated. We found that parental psychological problems were a significant predictor of family problems, including involvement of child protection authorities, at an average follow-up of 22 months. Parents who reported feeling unloved by their own parents were at higher risk of reports of serious concern to child protection authorities at 22 months after birth. These findings support the utility of at least a subset of the ERPANS items as a screening tool for child abuse risk in preventive public youth health care for new-born babies. Our research adds to a growing body of evidence which points to the importance of parental mental health problems and adverse childhood experiences as precursors to child abuse risk.     

突发性公共卫生事件健康教育的思考

如何应对突发性公共卫生事件,保护广大人民的健康,已成为公共卫生工作者最迫切需要研究的课题。健康教育在应对突发性公共卫生事件措施中,具有不可替代的作用。为充分发挥健康教育的作用,从健康教育的先导性、及时性、科学性、针对性和可行性方面提出了思考,并对加强突发性公共卫生事件的健康教育工作,提出了可行性的建议。     

Group work in healthcare students’ education: what do we think we are doing?

Group learning activities (GLAs) are integral components of graduate and undergraduate programmes across disciplines. Students’ multidimensional perception of GLAs and preferred learning style influences learning outcomes. Educators need to be aware of the potential for negative learning experiences associated with group activities and provide structured support and feedback to students. Routinely gathered student feedback, revealing unanticipated themes related to group assignments, provided the impetus for the authors to examine the issue in greater depth. This discussion paper will explore the critical elements of successful group learning by comparing themes emerging from analysis of these student preferences related to group learning against evidence from the literature. Student learning style, goals and past experiences with GLAs are critical determinants of the final learning outcome. To decrease negative experiences in GLAs, we recommend: use of group work in formative rather than summative projects; building student confidence by providing a step‐wise introduction to GLAs with open discussion of the positive and negative consequences of conflict; and the use of effective role modelling.     

我国农村医疗保障制度改革的困境与突围

我国在重建新型合作医疗制度后,合作医疗恢复生机,发展迅速。新农合制度实施以来,参合人口逐年增加,农民参合积极性逐步提高,对新农合的信心日益增强。但当前亦存在农村医疗卫生服务水平低、新农合的逆向选择明显、报销费用偏低、农民受益较小、医疗救助的范围较为狭窄、层次较低等现实困境。出现这些困境的原因主要有:农村医疗保障制度设计不完善;农村医疗保障制度运行过程中各方参与主体执行不力;农村医疗保障制度外部运行环境的制约等。要实现突围,应着重考虑以下方面:加强管理机构与监督体系建设;多种途径筹集农村医疗保障资金;积极推进农村医疗保障法制建设等。     

“三下乡”社会实践活动的德育价值——湖南工业大学“三下乡”活动调查与分析

在当前德育方法存在脱离实际,局限于规范和教条等情况下,湖南工业大学的三下乡社会实践活动独辟蹊径,以明确的德育目标、科学的德育过程等举措或途径,收到了道德自主、自觉形成和内化等成效,发挥了重大的德育作用。     

瑜伽与中国传统养生体育的契合

采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对瑜伽和中国传统养生体育的出现与发展、养生内容、养生机理几个方面进行了阐述和研究,从中发现两者的契合点。研究二者的契合,有利于更好地发扬东方这两种古老的健身文化,从而增进现代人的身心健康。     

大学生体育保健课的现状及教学对策研究

传统体育保健课是为那些身患慢性疾病和某种原因不能参加普通体育课学习的学生而设置的特种形式的体育课。随着社会体育、竞技体育的蓬勃发展,体育保健知识已经成为现代大学生必备的一项知识。针对大学生体育保健课教学现状,研究了相应的教学对策,并采取一些教学手段和方法,改进了体育保健课的质量。     

枸杞叶资源的研究进展

文章从枸杞叶的营养及活性成分、功能、保健茶的加工等方面进行综述,同时对我国枸杞叶资源的开发进行展望,以期为枸杞叶资源的进一步研究提供参考依据。