Short-term reliability of inflammatory mediators and response to exercise in the heat

Prospective application of serum cytokines, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and heat shock proteins (eHSPs) requires reliable measurement of these biomarkers that can signify exercise-induced heat stress in hot conditions. To accomplish this, both short-term (7 day) reliability (at rest, n = 12) and the acute responsiveness of each biomarker to exercise in the heat (pre and post 60-min cycling, 34.5°C and 70% RH, n = 20) were evaluated. Serum was analysed for the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), heat shock protein 72 (eHSP72), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and LPS. Test–retest reliability was determined as the coefficient of variation (CV). Biomarkers with the least short-term within-participant variation were IL-6 (19%, ±20%; CV, ±95% confidence limits (CL)) and LPS (23%, ±13%). Greater variability was observed for IgM, eHSP72 and CRP (CV range 28–38%). IL-6 exhibited the largest increase in response to acute exercise (95%, ±11%, P = < 0.001) and although CRP had a modest CV (12%, ±7%), it increased substantially post-exercise (P = 0.02, ES; 0.78). In contrast, eHSP72 and LPS exhibited trivial changes post-exercise. It appears variation of common inflammatory markers after exercise in the heat is not always discernible from short-term (weekly) variation.     

Short-term heat acclimation prior to a multi-day desert ultra-marathon improves physiological and psychological responses without compromising immune status

Multistage, ultra-endurance events in hot, humid conditions necessitate thermal adaptation, often achieved through short term heat acclimation (STHA), to improve performance by reducing thermoregulatory strain and perceptions of heat stress. This study investigated the physiological, perceptual and immunological responses to STHA prior to the Marathon des Sables. Eight athletes (age 42 ± 4 years and body mass 81.9 ± 15.0 kg) completed 4 days of controlled hyperthermia STHA (60 min·day^?1, 45°C and 30% relative humidity). Pre, during and post sessions, physiological and perceptual measures were recorded. Immunological measures were recorded pre-post sessions 1 and 4. STHA improved thermal comfort (P = 0.02), sensation (P = 0.03) and perceived exertion (P = 0.04). A dissociated relationship between perceptual fatigue and T_re was evident after STHA, with reductions in perceived Physical (P = 0.04) and General (P = 0.04) fatigue. Exercising T_re and HR did not change (P > 0.05) however, sweat rate increased 14% (P = 0.02). No changes were found in white blood cell counts or content (P > 0.05). Four days of STHA facilitates effective perceptual adaptations, without compromising immune status prior to an ultra-endurance race in heat stress. A greater physiological strain is required to confer optimal physiological adaptations.     

Zeeman磁场对有节点非常规超导体节点结构的影响

在大部分非常规超导体中,准粒子激发谱中存在着“线节点”或“点节点”。 这些节点的存在,导致热力学量和输运系数在低温区的温度变化呈现幂次律。解析分析表明,外加的弱Zeeman磁场会显著影响节点的结构。 尤其是,预言在某些情况下Zeeman磁场可能在费米面上诱导出“面节点”。计算若干自旋单态和自旋三重态的电子比热,结果显示外加的弱Zeeman磁场对节点结构的影响会导致幂次律产生巨大变化。     

Effect of a Brazilian Jiu-jitsu-simulated tournament on strength parameters and perceptual responses

This study aimed to analyse the effects of a simulated Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) tournament on vertical jump performance, grip strength test and perceived effort responses. 22 male BJJ athletes participated in a simulated tournament consisting of three 7 min matches separated by 14 min of rest. Kimono grip strength test (KGST), counter movement jump (CMJ) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured before and after each match, while RPE of specific areas was assessed after three matches. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare strength parameters after each match with the level of significance set at 5%. The key results showed a significant decrease of jump height (p = 0.001) and net vertical impulse in the CMJ (p = 0.031), as well as a reduction of the number of reps in the KGST (p < 0.001). A significant increase of RPE was found throughout the matches (p < 0.001). Considering the RPE in specific areas, no differences were observed between the upper and lower body (p = 0.743). We conclude that the BJJ simulated tournament generated a decrease of performance in both upper and lower limbs and provoked a progressive increase in the effort perception over the matches.     

热休克蛋白70及运动对衰老的影响研究

衰老的机制到目前为止没有确切的理论解释,许多研究表明衰老与HSP70的关系密切.论文对HSP70与衰老之间的相互影响及其机制等方面进行了综述,并着重探讨了运动诱导的HSP70对衰老机体的作用,以期为运动延缓衰老提供有力的理论依据.     

运动性延迟性肌肉酸痛与线粒体的热机效率原理的探讨

运动性延迟性肌肉酸痛是一个涉及到全身多个系统,多个层次的综合作用.作为一类特殊类型肌肉疲劳,目前DOMS的研究主要是围绕其产生原因与机理,对机体的影响以及如何有效消除不利因素等方面进行的.本文提出线粒体的热机效率原理可作为DOMS的一种可能性机制的观点,旨在为DOMS的研究深入到分子机制水平指明方向.     

磁场和自由界面热流下二维液态锡膜流的传热模拟

液态金属偏滤器具有自修复和热负荷能力,因此成为偏滤器的重要设计方案。偏滤器上的液态金属膜流处于磁场和高强度热流下,且装置运行时产生的低频扰动会使薄膜流动发展为毛细孤立波。在毛细孤立波膜流中,波谷位置的毛细分离涡会显著增强该区域的对流换热。研究雷诺数为58的液态锡毛细孤立波膜流在底壁附近的换热现象。结果表明：无外加磁场和自由界面热流时,液态锡毛细孤立波薄膜流动复现了努塞尔数在波谷位置显著增强的现象;仅施加磁场时,由于洛伦兹力的阻尼效应,毛细分离涡处的换热增强效果被抑制;仅施加热流时,由于膜流被加热,总换热量增加,导致努塞尔数分布更均匀;同时施加磁场和热流时,两者的作用会叠加。     

火电厂煤炭核算办法的弊端及对策

准确核算火电厂的煤炭成本具有重要的现实意义。现行煤炭核算办法存在两个弊端:一是忽略了煤炭内在发热量因素,造成煤炭耗用、煤炭成本及库存煤炭反映不真实;二是暂估方法为随意调节成本打开方便之门。本文提出了在库存煤炭科目中加上标准煤进行再核算的处理方法。     

基于零增长理论的随书光盘系统实践

介绍图书馆随书光盘系统遇到的问题,结合零增长理论和信息生命周期的相关概念,提出随书光盘系统的改进思路,并提供实现的软件原型.     

女子赛艇运动员VO2max与专项力量在月经周期的变化研究

研究目的在于观察月经周期规则的女子赛艇运动员VO2max与专项力量在月经周期的变化并探讨其发生机制。结果显示，女子赛艇运动员的最大摄氧量和专项力量与月经周期有关系，黄体期运动能力要明显强于卵泡早期，这与月经周期的性激素水平的变化有关系。