关于诠释学的四封通信

两位诠释学爱好者和研究者之间的通信中所讨论的问题,对于诠释学研习而言,是非常重要的带有普遍性的问题,通信双方的探讨也是深入和富有启发意义的。现征得两位通信者的同意,予以发表。     

现象学哲学与现象学心理学关系研究

19世纪末20世纪初,伴随着胡塞尔的现象学哲学以一种突破性的新型描述方法走进了西方哲学视野,现象学心理学作为一门新的心理学学科也成为了西方心理学人文取向的一支。胡塞尔现象学心理学从根本上说是一门本质现象学,即是先天纯粹的心理学,从区域性本体论以及一般性本体论入手,阐述了现象学哲学的内容,从现象学哲学所引导出来看待世界的...     

表扬的意义——一种解释现象学的视角

文本通过现象描述分析的方式,探究了孩子们日常生活中表扬体验的意义特征。分析认为,表扬是孩子们渴望的体验。渴望表扬与他们渴望被看见(存在)、被肯定(认可)、被重视(地位)、被关爱(亲密)等自我体验及人际体验直接联系在一起。理解表扬体验的这些面相,有助于我们把握表扬的本质特征,有助于提升我们的教育实践智慧。     

从领导的视角看香港幼儿教育的学习空间:一种现象学的方法

近年来,香港的幼儿教育开始受到重视,政府对幼儿教育机构负责人的管理也开始加强。本文籍由从事现象学研究的学者常用的访谈法对6位幼儿期教育机构的领导进行了访谈,访谈的内容主要涉及与学习概念有关的个人发展经历和其在幼儿教育机构工作时的经验。从幼儿教育机构的领导的视角来看待香港幼儿教育的学习空间,本文探索了在他们的早期学校教育、教师培训和幼儿教育机构教学经历中的一些好的学习经验以及成人学习与幼儿学习的明显区别。     

通向“儿童数学”的途中——“儿童数学”的现象学意蕴

“儿童数学”的现象学意蕴是以现象学的态度——“回到事物本身”来研究数学,追求“数学思想”的敞亮和儿童“数学之思”的显发与弘扬。实践申。通过儿童“生命·实践”的教学化活动——儿童的生命实践活动体验、生命实践活动建构、生命实践活动创造、生命实践活动表达,达成“儿童数学”的现象学旨趣——“面向思的事情”!由此．现象学所带给“儿童数学”的绝不仅仅是某种特定的教育实践与研究方法（如悬置——对教学经验或理论的存而不论、数学的本质探原、返回儿童的生活世界、消解师生主客二分的本质直观等等）,而是一种“儿童数学”的现象学精神——回归儿童的“生命·实践”路向!     

Inclusive arts education in two Scandinavian primary schools: a phenomenological case study

Previous studies indicate that ideas related to special education could influence the way arts education is performed and motivated in schools. Further investigation is therefore required in order to raise awareness of how perspectives on inclusion can serve as a starting point for arts education, and vice versa. This article takes it starting point in an ethnographic double case study of arts education practices. Data were collected during the school year 2013/2014 in two Scandinavian schools (for pupils aged 6–13) with an articulated commitment to the arts. The methods used for data collection were observation and interviews. The material was analysed from a phenomenological point of view, and the analysis showed a predominantly holistic view of inclusion in the two schools. Five dimensions of inclusion were identified through the analysis: providing arts education for all, being connected to something larger, allowing access to different forms of expression and communication, establishing preconditions for holistic inclusion, and developing special arts education. The results indicate that these schools have made considerable progress in developing an inclusive arts learning environment. Results also suggest that a holistic inclusive view of education encourages a functional and vivid arts education for ‘all’, both inside and outside the classroom.     

A queer politics of emotion: reimagining sexualities and schooling

This paper draws together [Hochschild's (1979) Emotion Work, Feeling Rules and Social Structure.” American Journal of Sociology 85: 551–575; (1983) The Managed Heart: Commercialisation of Human Feeling. London: University of California Press] concepts of emotional labour and feeling rules with Ahmed's affective economies [(2004a) The Cultural Politics of Emotion. New York: Routledge; (2004b) “Affective Economies.” Social Text 22 (2): 117–139; (2008) “Sociable Happiness.” Emotion, Space and Society 1: 10–13; (2010) The Promise of Happiness. Durham: Duke University Press] and queer phenomenology [(2006a) Queer Phenomenology: Orientations, Objects, Others. London: Duke University Press; (2006b) “Orientations: Towards a Queer Phenomenology.” GLQ: A Journal of Gay and Lesbian Studies 12 (4): 543–574] as a way to address wider questions about sexuality and schooling. It highlights the value of the everyday politics of emotion for elucidating and clarifying the specificities, pertinence and complementarities of Hochschild's and Ahmed's work for reimagining the relationship between sexualities and schooling. The combination of their approaches allows for a focus on the individual, bodily management of emotions while demonstrating the connectedness of bodies and spaces. It enables disruption of ‘inclusive’ and ‘progressive’ educational approaches that leave heterosexuality uninterrupted and provides insight into how power works in and across the bodies, discourses, practices, relations and spaces of schools to maintain a collective orientation towards heterosexuality. It also counters linear narratives of progressive change, elucidating how change is a hopeful but messy process of simultaneous constraint, transgression and transformation. Key moments from a three-year study with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBT-Q) teachers entering into civil partnerships in Ireland serve as exploratory examples of the theoretical ideas put forward in this paper.     

论现象学视野下的西方心理学

现象学作为西方心理学中的两大方法论之一,对西方心理学的发展产生了不可忽视的影响。现象学的突出特点是寓现象学于方法之中,强调本质先于存在,具体表现在:重视意识的研究、强调意向性、面向事物本身、强调现象学的思想态度等方面,因此,现象学的这些特点为人文主义心理学家以非自然科学模式塑造心理学奠定了重要的哲学基础。作为一种方法论,现象学所遵循的以意识经验为研究对象、如实描述、问题中心、整体性、先质后量、非还原论等原则开创了西方心理学中人文主义取向的研究方法。纵观整个西方心理学的发展,现象学对心理学的影响是广泛而持久的,它不仅推动和促进了西方心理学方法论上的几次变革,为意动心理学、格式塔心理学以及人本主义心理学的发展作出了突出贡献,而且它也正在影响和推动着超个人心理学、认知心理学以及后现代心理学的发展,并将为未来西方心理学的持续发展提供重要的方法论指导。     

特雷西的诠释学科学观评析

科学主义把科学视为纯粹客观的，特雷西则认为科学具有无可置疑的诠释性，这种诠释是通过语言途径来达到的，特雷西以科学具有诠释学性质来批判传统的客观主义科学观，自有其积极的意义，然而，对科学的诠释性理解不能也不应彻底否定科学的客观性。