Comparing Student Performance and Growth in 2- and 4-Year Institutions

This study examines the organizational characteristics of 51 higher education institutions in relationship to student performance and growth. The study first finds that organizational measures of mission, size, wealth, complexity, and selectivity are statistically represented by the 2-year versus 4-year college mission. Findings indicate that 2-year and 4-year campuses indeed do exert significantly different influences on undergraduate GPA and self-reported intellectual growth. Next, the study uses both OLS regression and HLM to examine these influences. High school percentile rank and college classroom experiences are better predictors of Cum GPA at 4-year institutions, while student effort is a better predictor of GPA at 2-year institutions. Whereas the most important predictors of Cum GPA include precollege measures such as high school percentile rank and SAT score, the most influential predictors of student intellectual growth are campus experiences including classroom vitality, peer support, student effort, commitment, and involvement. Controlling for all other variables, students at 2-year institutions receive higher grades, and students at 4-year campuses experience more growth.     

Integrated MSS effects: An empirical health care investigation

Since accurate decisions are required for effective management, much research has focused on information systems that support decision making. Recently, this research has engendered frameworks, such as the management support system (MSS), that are designed to provide comprehensive and integrated support for the decision making process. Few, if any, studies have empirically measured the effects of these frameworks on decision making. This article offers empirical evidence on MSS effectiveness. It overviews the decision making process, presents an MSS for supporting the process, and assesses the influences of the MSS on the process and outcomes of health care decision making. The paper also examines the implications of the analyses for information systems research and health care practice.     

在基因-脑-行为的框架下探索果蝇面对竞争的视觉线索的抉择行为

2001年11月16日出版的Science [1] 发表了唐世明和郭爱克的“果蝇面对竞争的视觉线索的抉择行为”的研究论文,在相关领域引起了广泛兴趣,已陆续被国际权威学者引用。主要介绍了其研究内容、研究方法及所取得的进展,并简单介绍了论文发表后国际上的引用情况以及新的进展。     

基于大数据决策分析需求的图书馆大数据清洗系统设计

图书馆的大数据时代已经来临,大数据质量问题是影响图书馆大数据应用的重要因素,而大数据清洗则是提高图书馆大数据质量的主要手段。本文介绍了图书馆不清洁数据的类型与产生原因,设计了基于大数据决策分析需求的图书馆大数据清洗系统,该系统不仅可以提高大数据清洗的效率和精确度,而且大幅度降低了图书馆大数据决策分析的复杂度。     

正态分布下时变参数的报童问题

随着服务业的快速发展和基于时间竞争战略的深化,产品/服务的时效性越来越强。本文扩展了传统的报童模型,以批发价和需求预测精度随时间变化的报童问题为对象,研究市场需求函数为正态分布的报童模型关于最佳订货时点和最优订货量的决策问题。建立了正态分布下时变参数的报童问题的数学模型,通过模型的求解和数值分析,结果显示,与传统的不考虑时间因素的报童模型相比,前者能够增加零售商的收益。     

减灾与救灾──地震灾害的快速评估及其综合决策

建议借助于现代管理手段，建立我国的地震灾害快速评估和综合决策系统，以利于提高减灾与救灾的快速反应能力。     

决策背景复杂化态势与智库建设科学应对的探讨

结合集中学习和专业实践,文章构筑了在区域发展战略和空间规划领域进行服务决策的智库分析框架。在国际环境方面,讨论了地缘战略调整对地缘关系的影响、经济全球化向国家和地方保护主义转向、可持续发展的全球共同责任,以及新科技革命引发新一轮产业革命等问题,阐述了全球发展正在步入一个前所未有的新阶段的判断。在国内发展方面,围绕治理能力现代化主线,讨论了治理能力长期存在的缺陷、当前体制机制改革面临的困境、未来优化发展路径面临的挑战以及新矛盾和新问题,论证了治理能力现代化在实现我国第二个一百年目标中的重要性。基于决策背景复杂化态势的解析,围绕智库建设科学应对提出了4个方面的建议:智库建设的底线是不说外行话、没有深入细致的研究就没有发言权、中科院的智库应更加注重基础能力的建设、智库建设的生命力也在于形成自身监督与不断完善的机制。     

基于差异性视角的期刊区分性测度及分析研究

当前的期刊评价研究主要集中在影响力、声誉、质量等方面,针对期刊内容差异性的定量研究相对较少。本文从差异性视角来对期刊进行评价分析,提出期刊区分度指标来对期刊内容的差异程度进行度量。以LIS (library and information science)等5个学科的各20种核心期刊为研究对象,首先对LIS期刊的内容差异性进行定量分析与评价,然后从时间维度对LIS学科期刊区分度的变化规律进行了探测,最后从学科维度对不同学科期刊个体和总体区分度的特征进行了分析和探讨。实验结果表明,利用该指标能够很好地度量期刊研究内容差异性,期刊区分度在时间维度上呈现出明显的变化规律,不同学科期刊个体和总体的区分度均具有显著的学科特征。     

基于语义关联的智库资源知识组织研究

智库是知识决策咨询体系的重要组成部分,其主要通过智库资源的知识发现和智库专家的经验智慧相结合来生产智库产品,进而影响相关领域的知识决策。利用语义关联来构建的智库资源知识组织体系可实现智库资源的知识化、有序化、关联化组织,从而实现智库资源的利用、共享、传播和增值等知识化服务。