美国专利商标局10个高被引专利的计量分析

利用专利计量方法和软件,对美国专利商标局所授予的专利进行计量分析。遴选出10个被引用次数最多的高被引专利,分别从这10个专利的自然状况、国家和地区分布、引用频次随时间的分布规律、共被引网络等几个层面进行深入阐述,归纳了高被引专利的相关发生发展规律。通过对相关技术产生与应用的案例分析,对高被引专利的经济社会背景进行更加深入的挖掘。     

体裁、社会效应与学术竞争力——图书情报学科高被引论文内容结构考察

[目的/意义]学术竞争力被普遍认为是衡量学科可持续发展的关键要素;通过图书情报学(简称"图情")高被引论文的内容结构特征阐释图情学术竞争力不足的影响因素并揭示其成因。[方法/过程]融合社会分层理论、市场效率理论和资源基础理论提出学术竞争力模型,构建"体裁-学术规范-社会效应"内容分析框架,利用中国知网全文数据库图情重点期刊2009-2013年80篇高被引论文、6552条引文开展内容分析。[结果/结论]高被引论文之报导型、基础型、应用型和综述型的体裁分布依次为78.8%、3.75%、10%和7.5%,且报导型以图书馆职业研究为主;高被引论文职业实践效应明显,基础社会效应相对不足。上述发现表明,图情学科学术竞争力不足跟论文的体裁结构和社会效应水平紧密相关,职业化是导致学术竞争力不足的根源。因此,就教育层面而言,推进学科转型是一条必由之路。     

移民与环中国海华商跨国网络的互动--以近代南中国海为例

近代中国的海外移民在迁出地上主要集中于闽粤地区,在迁入地上主要集中于东南亚地区。在南中海地区,移民行为与华商的贸易网络一开始就紧密联系在一起,就源起上讲,两者几乎是同步进行的。在近代,一方面,移民行为使得华商跨国贸易网络不断扩展,同时也为网络规模的扩大提供了强有力的“外部经济”支持,另一方面,华商网络的存在使移民行为在新的关照下被赋予了新的内容和涵义,更进一步拓展了海外移民理论的研究。     

A Bibliometric Analysis of High Impact Research in the Middle East Using Champion Works

Increasing political and financial support for scientific research in the Middle East requires academic and research communities in the region to demonstrate the visibility and impact of their scientific output. However, for countries with smaller scientific communities or lack of detailed information on their scientific production, the use of common metrics of scientific impact (e.g., number of papers, impact factor, h-index, etc.) may fail to reveal their true ability to produce high quality research, and thus guarantee the wanted societal support. In such cases, identifying and highlighting outstanding papers produced by national institutions or scientists may be another way to demonstrate scientific capacity and impact. In this context, this work aims to provide an overview of champion works (papers that have received over 1,000 citations) produced by Middle East countries. This analysis focuses on science, medicine, and technology papers featured in the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science. The authors identified 213 champion works authored by Middle East scientists published since the 1970s. Israel is currently the leading nation in the Middle East in terms of published champion works, but at least one such work was identified for the majority of countries in the region. Middle East champion works were published on a diverse range of subject categories and often featured in the top journals worldwide (e.g., Science, Nature, etc.). The top institutions in the Middle East authoring champion works and their leading collaborating countries worldwide are listed, and the role of international scientific collaborations in achieving these highly cited papers is highlighted.     

以“三个代表”为纲，大力推进文艺发展

“三个代表”的思想是总揽各项事业包括文艺工作的纲领.落实“三个代表”精神,是当代文艺发展的必由之路.应当把学习贯彻“三个代表”的思想与贯彻执行党的其他文艺方针政策结合起来;唱响主旋律,发展多样化;倡导艺术创新,勇于在文坛领跑;加强文艺队伍建设,不断提升主体素质.     

我国知识失业现象的“托达罗模式”解读

知识失业问题在近些年日益突出,是困扰我国经济和社会发展的一大难题。托达罗人口流动行为模式为我们分析我国高等教育规模急剧膨胀从而形成知识失业现象提供了一个很好的理论框架。以托达罗人口流动行为模式为基础构建的基于两个部门（职业技术部门和高等教育部门）的人口流动模型表明：宏观上要大力发展经济、增加就业岗位;微观上高等教育的学科设定以及办学规模要及时地根据人力资源市场信息进行调整,并大力发展职业教育。     

神明信仰与土客关系——清代上犹县营前观音堂碑文的解读

通过对江西省上犹县营前镇观音堂碑文的释读,结合营前的社区历史演变,可以观察到清代至民国营前土客关系和政治经济格局的演变,从而为理解营前的地方文化提供了新的素材和视角。在客家传统社会研究中,必须从历史性的角度去解读客家社区神明信仰的变化,从中发现土著与客籍之间、不同宗族之间或其他社会力量之间关系的演变,并仔细考察导致这种演变的因素,从而为解读“地方文化”提供可深入挖掘的素材,获得理解“客家文化”新的视角。     

锚索支护技术施工三岔门的实践及分析

介绍了锚索支护技术工艺,对比分析了谢桥煤矿桥式台棚及锚索支护技术施工三岔门,总结出锚索加强支护技术施工三岔门具有安全、高效、经济等特点。     

To globalise or not to globalise? ‘Inward-looking youth’ as scapegoats for Japan's failure to secure and cultivate ‘global human resources’

In Japan in recent years, there has been much discussion of the need for global human resources alongside criticism of Japanese youth as having an ‘inward-looking’ (uchimuki) orientation. Drawing out the contradictions apparent in a youth apparently reluctant to leave Japan and companies, universitiesand government seemingly desperate to nurture and attract global talent, this paper frames the uchimuki discourse as a cover for an insular Japan and its failure to attract and foster ‘global human resources’.As such, the two discourses shed a great deal of light on Japan's complex relationship with globalisation.     

Psychological well-being and ethnic identities of Jewish adolescents planning emigration from Russia and Ukraine to Israel: Changes during the post-perestroika period

This study examines psychological well-being and ethnic identities of Jewish adolescents planning emigration from Russia and Ukraine to Israel. Measurements were conducted in 1999 (n = 654) and in 2005 (n = 243). The adolescents were questioned about half a year before they left their homeland. In Russia, adolescents who planned emigration in 2005 had less emotional and behavioral problems and suffered less from loneliness than their peers in 1999. In Ukraine, no improvement was found in psychological well-being; moreover, the school competence of adolescents who planned emigration in 2005 was lower compared to their peers in 1999. Adolescents who planned emigration from Russia and Ukraine in 2005 reported a more positive attitude towards their homeland and stronger identification with the ethnic majority in their homeland than the adolescents who planned emigration in 1999. The emigrants’ attitude towards Israel did not change from 1999 to 2005. Their identification with Jews was weaker in 2005 as compared with 1999. In both cohorts, the adolescents’ attitude towards Israel was more positive than their attitude towards Russia or Ukraine, and their identification with Jews was stronger than that with Russians or Ukrainians. In 1999, Russian/Ukrainian and Jewish-Israeli facets of the emigrants’ ethnic identity were contradictory, while they were complementary in 2005.