考虑碳排放的班轮运输网络优化

为通过降低船舶航行速度,减少营运成本,实现船舶节能减排的"双赢",将船型、船舶数量及航速作为决策变量,对集装箱船每周总成本最小、碳排放量最小以及碳排放约束下总成本最小等3个方案建立非线性模型.利用Lingo软件,通过实例计算进行对比分析,从中选取既符合经济效益又符合环保效益的最优方案.另外,探讨碳约束配额、燃油价格、码头装卸效率等对成本及碳排放量的影响,为船公司运营和政府决策提供参考.     

The impact of data reduction on the intra-trial reliability of a typical measure of lower limb musculoskeletal stiffness

Double-leg repeated jumping tasks are commonly used as measures of lower limb stiffness in exercise science research. Within similar stiffness calculations, variation in data-reduction criteria exists. The impact of these varied data-reduction methods on stiffness measures is unknown. Sixteen adolescent female participants from varied physical activity backgrounds performed 15 self-paced, bent-knee continuous jumps (CJb) on two force plates. Leg stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the peak force and the centre of mass displacement for each contact. Using combinations of criteria based on previous literature, 83 data-reduction methods were applied to the raw data. Data reduction suitability was assessed based on intra-trial reliability, the number of participants excluded and the average contacts excluded. Four data-reduction methods were deemed suitable for use with adolescent female populations, with three consecutive contacts within 1 SD of the average jump frequency considered optimal. The average individual stiffness values were not greatly influenced by the data-reduction method; however, for a single participant, a stiffness change of up to 6 kN · m^?1 (30%) was observed. The role and potential impact of data-reduction methods used to evaluate measures of lower limb stiffness during repeated jumping tasks warrants consideration.     

烟道气中二氧化碳矿化利用研究

通过用白灰做胶凝剂的成型材料,控制反应温度在4℃-128℃的范围内,来捕集烟道气中低浓度的二氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化氮,并将其固存在成型材料中,使二氧化碳、二氧化硫矿化成为产品的组成部分,得到多种早强的白灰气硬性产成品,并由此得到二氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化氮枯竭的烟道气。其主要用途是:可用于燃煤发电厂的二氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化氮的减排,并使其固体排放物得到综合利用,得到早强的白灰成型材料产成品。     

再论三明市经济发展方式的转变

转变经济发展方式是三明市"十二五"时期经济社会发展的主线,研究探索转变三明市经济发展方式的方向和重大任务十分必要。转变三明市经济发展方式,要切实推动传统产业转型升级,明确今后产业发展导向,拓展产业发展的层次和空间,不断优化产业和城镇布局,提高各园区产业集群的竞争力,加强地方之间的经济协作,建立健全促进经济发展方式转变的体制机制。     

科技扶贫开发的机遇与困境

科技扶贫开发有效地推进了扶贫开发的深入与发展,在新的历史发展时期,科技扶贫将面临着新农村建设、扶贫开发战略转型等良好的机遇,同时也面临着效益不佳、支撑体系不全等一系列的问题,有待在以后的工作中进一步加强与落实,让科技扶贫真正成为农民脱贫致富的有效手段。     

功能对等理论视角下的科技英语翻译研究

随着全球经济和信息一体化的飞速发展,各国之间的贸易往来愈加频繁,文化和科技交流也不断深化。作为一种特殊形式的跨文化交际形式,科技英语翻译要求译者既要了解语言层面的差异,具备相关的科技知识,更重要的是要明白科技翻译的实际意义所在,即将来自不同文化的技术、理念和思想准确地传达给译文读者,在功能上实现对等。     

Conditional cash transfers and improved education quality: A political search for the policy link

Conditional Cash Transfer programs (CCTs) provide cash to poor families upon the fulfillment of conditions related to the education of their children. Even though CCTs have been increasingly expected to improve educational attainment – besides their proven impact on greater enrollment and attendance, it is not clear whether they have had any impact on education policies. In order to explore that, this article builds upon a comparative study of three programs: Opportunity NYC, Subsidios Condicionados a la Asistencia Escolar (Colombia), and Bolsa Famila (Brazil). The article concludes that, when it comes to policy-making, the link between CCTs and education policies has been weak, contrary to high international expectations.     

基于WEBGIS的节能减排系统的架构构思

节能降耗、发展低碳经济是我国现阶段的经济发展的目标,节能降耗涉及行业众多,数据类型不一,数据维度多变化快,需要及时全面的掌握节能减排中的基础数据和过程数据,通过信息化的手段来实现节能减排工作的过程评价、动态监管和决策支持;WEB-GIS是成熟一种的技术架构,可以充分利用internet平台进行信息发布、数据共享和交流协作,是节能减排的信息化是一个重要手段;通过对节能减排所涉及的数据特点进行详细的分析,基于WEBGIS提出系统的架构的构思,并在此基础上提出了系统的功能模块的设计。     

Extraterrestrial artificial photosynthetic materials for in-situ resource utilization

Aerospace milestones in human history, including returning to the moon and manned Martian missions, have been implemented in recent years. Space exploration has become one of the global common goals, and to ensure the survival and development of human beings in the extraterrestrial extreme environment has been becoming the basic ability and technology of manned space exploration. For the purpose of fulfilling the goal of extraterrestrial survival, researchers in Nanjing University and the China Academy of Space Technology proposed extraterrestrial artificial photosynthesis (EAP) technology. By simulating the natural photosynthesis of green plants on the Earth, EAP converts CO₂/H₂O into fuel and O₂ in an in-situ, accelerated and controllable manner by using waste CO₂ in the confined space of spacecraft, or abundant CO₂ resources in extraterrestrial celestial environments, e.g. Mars. Thus, the material loading of manned spacecraft can be greatly reduced to support affordable and sustainable deep space exploration. In this paper, EAP technology is compared with existing methods of converting CO₂/H₂O into fuel and O₂ in the aerospace field, especially the Sabatier method and Bosch reduction method. The research progress of possible EAP materials for in-situ utilization of extraterrestrial resources are also discussed in depth. Finally, this review lists the challenges that the EAP process may encounter, which need to be focused on for future implementation and application. We expect to deepen the understanding of artificial photosynthetic materials and technologies, and aim to strongly support the development of manned spaceflight.     

基于量子态相干分析的WMSN云执行信息分簇约简

无线多媒体传感网络(WMSN)云执行信息数据量大,实时性要求较高,需要对云执行信息进行分簇约简,提高WMSN的纠错能力和延长网络生命期。提出一种基于量子态相干分析的WMSN云执行信息分簇约简算法,基于量子遗传算法的WMSN网络模型,得到网络中多媒体节点的最大部署密度,采用量子态相干分析算法,进行信息数据寻优,设计WMSN云执行信息分簇策略,得到量子群移动构造的信息素约简后的空间采样分簇重构。实验得出,采用该算法,WMSN中的执行信息得到有效合理规划,分簇空间实现降秩处理,任务执行路径实现最优化模拟生成,执行同步误差较传统方法较小,从而保证了WMSN的系统稳定性和可靠性。