Childhood sexual abuse by representatives of the Roman Catholic Church: A prevalence estimate among the Dutch population

Estimates of the extent of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) within in the Roman Catholic Church (RCC) in the general population are difficult to find. The independent Commission of Inquiry into sexual abuse of minors in the RCC in the Netherlands collected population-based data to estimate its prevalence. A large random online population sample was surveyed using a two-phase stratified sampling procedure. In Phase 1, 34,267 subjects aged 40 years and older were screened for childhood exposure to sexual abuse by non-family members, a history of institutionalization and a Roman Catholic upbringing. In Phase 2, a stratified subset of 2,462 subjects was assessed to obtain more detailed target information about sexual abuse reports within the RCC. We employed multiple imputation for the estimation of RCC CSA in the original Phase 1 sample. The prevalence of non-familial CSA in general (14.0%) was higher among women (17.2%) than among men (10.6%). The prevalence of CSA within the Dutch RCC (1.7%) was higher among men (2.7%) than among women (0.7%). As expected, older subjects reported more often CSA in the RCC than their younger counterparts. Respondents who stayed for some time in RCC run institutions for education or child protection had a higher risk to report sexual abuse. Although sexual abuse of minors by representatives of the RCC was a structural problem during a period that the Church was highly influential in the Netherlands, the estimated prevalence of the phenomenon is only a fraction of the prevalence rate of non-familial CSA.     

中国农村村委会的合法性研究——浙江省湖州市和孚镇荻港村的个案研究

任何政治权力系统都必须建立在权力合法性的基础之上,这是其存在、持续、发展和稳定的前提。农村是中国社会的基石,农村稳定是整个中国政权稳定的基础。我们选择湖州市和孚镇荻港村,对中国农村基层政权合法性这一问题进行实证个案研究。调查结果显示,现阶段荻港村村委会的合法性基础比较稳固,但在其发展过程中,必须对其合法性基础的变化予以关注,并随时准备进行合理的调整,防止出现合法性危机。     

Managing physical education lessons: an interactional approach

Physical education (PE) lessons involve complex and dynamic interactive sequences between students, equipment and teacher. The potential for unexpected and/or unintended events is relatively large, a point reflected in an increasing amount of scholarship dealing with classroom management (CM). This scholarship further suggests that unexpected and disruptive events negatively impact on learning and can have deleterious effects on teacher health. Despite considerable potential for these kinds of events, many PE lessons occur in structured, organized ways. The broad purpose of this paper is to consider how classroom action becomes ordered in PE contexts. To this end, an interactional approach is put forward including the specific analytic concepts of directives, epistemic authority and deontic authority. To exemplify the approach, the micro-dynamics of a situation in which a group of students are building a human pyramid is examined. The examination draws attention to: how the teacher engages in a series of interactions with the students to move the sequence forward; how the students themselves achieve order through their interactions with one another; and how the characteristics of the activity help to organize the students' behaviors and limit possibilities for action. The discussion is located against a backdrop of current CM scholarship. Reference is also made to two aspects of social context: the increasing prominence of managerial discourse in educational arenas and the significance of student-centeredness in pedagogical theory. Both aspects appear to influence how order can be achieved in PE today. The analysis raises issues related to pedagogy, management and authority which are addressed in the final two sections of the paper.     

浅谈财务主管的角色意识

作为中层领导的财务主管不仅要具备良好的业务素质、较强的政策观念和职业道德水平．还要有较强的管理意识．才能做好本单位的财务工作。     

论转型时期加强党的政治权威

经济转型给我国带来诸多社会问题。失业、腐败等社会问题通过各种形式侵蚀着我党的政治权威。如何消弭这些负面因素，加强党的政治权威，成为新一代领导集体带领全国人民实现“小康”的首要任务。章通过回顾我国政治权威模式演变的三个阶段，分析我党政治权威在政策、过程、体系三个层次存在的问题，尝试性地提出转型时期加强党政治权威的三条途径，即：执政政策理性化、执政过程制度化、执政体系社会化。     

辛亥革命与中国政治现代化

辛亥革命具有政治现代化的特征,它是传统中国政治现代化的一种方式。辛亥革命推翻了东方的帝王专制,造就了中华民国,变更了中国政治统治的合法基础;在中国政治舞台上引进了国会、宪法和总统等西方的新制度文明,引起了政治结构的分化;开创了中国“宪政之治”的新传统,终结了传统中国“朝代国家”的型态,造成了政治文化的世俗化;彻底变革了传统社会的政治结构,增强了国家和社会的力量,带来了政治参与的扩大化。     

关注网络舆情,提升政府网络管理能力

随着网民数量的不断攀升,网络日益成为民众发布信息、表达民意的平台,同时为政府了解民意、改善民生提供了一个新的视角。如何正确分析和界定网络舆情,不断提高地方政府网络执政能力,实现构建社会主义和谐社会目标,成为政府必须关注的重大课题。     

对教师知识权威之考察

在当今社会和教育发展背景下,教师的知识权威产生了变化,但从实质上看并未消解,教师在教育实践中仍然起着主导性的作用,对此要结合理论分析和实际考察来全面地看待。     

论学术权威精神与高校创新人才的培养

知识经济时代,学术权威的创新精神、开放合作精神、自由民主精神以及崇高的道德品质和严格的学术规范等精神气质更加彰显。高校充分发扬这些学术权威精神,为创新人才的成长营造积极进取、勇于创新、严谨治学的向真向善向美的学术生态环境,是其实现培养创新人才目标的重要举措。     

从道德教育角度出发看惩罚的应用——涂尔干惩罚观的评析

惩罚作为一种教育手段应当被应用于道德教育层面。涂尔干从社会学角度入手,指出惩罚是人类文明发展的必然产物;其目的在于帮助培养儿童对社会道德规范的尊重之感。只有采取说理的方式,能够引发儿童的道德羞耻感的惩罚才会对儿童起到道德教育的作用。