Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen und Pädagogisches Professionswissen im Verlauf des Lehramtsstudiums

Teacher Self-Efficacy and General Pedagogical Knowledge During Teacher Education. The present study investigates how teacher self-efficacy beliefs develop during teacher education and how self-efficacy beliefs and general pedagogical knowledge of student-teachers are related. In a cross-sectional study, 257 student-teachers were investigated (173 first year students, 27 advanced students, 35 examination candidates, 19 preservice teachers). The data show that self-efficacy beliefs for the subscales classroom management and assessment increase between the start and the end of training (preservice teachers). Concerning diagnostic competency, self-efficacy beliefs do not change during studies and even decrease for the preservice teachers. For the subscales communication and conflicts as well as coping little difference is noticeable. Professional knowledge, in contrast, increases during studies. Self-efficacy beliefs for classroom management and assessment are linked to professional knowledge. Finally, the usefulness of the multidimensional measuring of self-efficacy beliefs is discussed and implications for future research approaches are presented.     

公立高校巨额信贷的风险与对策--产权的视角

在高等教育大扩张的背景下，产权问题的突出和产权矛盾的激化，导致了公立高校巨额信贷现象的产生。公立高校巨额信贷所滋生的问题，给处于矛盾中心的高校、银行和政府带来了潜在的隐患和现实的风险。文章从产权的视角，分析公立高校巨额信贷风险产生的根源，并以明晰产权为切入点，寻求化解信贷风险的有效途径。     

Stichwort: Bildungsökonomie und Qualität der Schulbildung

Keyword: Education Economics and Quality of Schooling. With reference to an earlier keyword article from the same author, this contribution looks at recent developments in education economics. The focus is a critical review of the field‘s contribution to research on the necessary conditions for high quality schooling. Of particular interest at the moment are the institutional framework conditions in a school system, which set incentives for performance. These are judged to be better than resource-based strategies of quality assurance. The empirical basis is provided by estimates of production functions using data from international school performance studies. This article will point out the limited validity of evidence gained through these studies and the – in sum – contradictory empirical findings. For this reason, political recommendations on the basis of this approach should be more reserved.     

How history becomes a cross-border matter: death foretold of a French–German–Swiss textbook

The middle of the 1990s saw the creation of a French–German–Swiss history textbook supported by the European Commission. Disseminated to school instructors in the Upper Rhine, it received generally positive reviews, but ended up on the dusty shelves of school libraries. This result was due to several factors, which are analysed in this article. This acknowledgement of failure leads to the argument that European cross-border cooperation is constrained by a key paradox, referred to as ‘low gravity’, i.e. the attraction of small projects toward the local and regional levels, while major projects are pushed up to the national level.     

巨额贸易顺差视角下我国企业跨国并购研究

据海关总署统计数据显示,2006年我国外贸顺差达到1774．7亿美元,再创历史新高。如此居高不下的贸易顺差、亟待寻求出路的巨额外汇储备、人民币汇率持续升值压力、进一步加剧的国内资源短缺情势,似乎都预示着大规模的对外投资将成为可能。跨国并购作为对外直接投资的重要组成部分,20世纪90年代以来逐步占决定性主导地位。然而,对于国际化程度较低的我国企业而言,要成功走出国门,企业必须关心存在的主要障碍、政府的扶持政策及国外的成功经验等一系列热点问题。     

Mixed control of uncertain jumping time-delay systems

In this paper, we investigate a class of linear continuous-time systems with Markovian jump parameters. An integral part of the system dynamics is a delayed state with time-varying and bounded delays. The jumping parameters are modeled as a continuous-time, discrete-state Markov process. Employing norm-bounded parametric uncertainties and utilizing the second-method of Lyapunov, we examine the problem of designing a mixed controller which minimizes a quadratic performance measure while satisfying a prescribed -norm bound on the closed-loop system. It is established that sufficient conditions for the existence of the mixed controller and the associated performance upper bound could be cast in the form of linear matrix inequalities.     

研究型大学院系设置的比较分析与理论思考

哈佛大学与北京大学、麻省理工学院与清华大学的对比显示,每所学校与自己的对比方在总的学科设置上非常接近,但我国两所大学的学院数量远大于美国的两所大学。我国研究型大学应当适当减少学院数量,规范学院设置,提高学院内学科设置的综合性;加强和重视特色学院或特色学科的建设;分别设置本科生学院和研究生学院;重视交叉学科项目或研究中心的建立。     

汉语阅读障碍研究的可视化分析

基于CiteSpace可视化工具对从Web of Science核心数据库中获取的近20年667篇汉语阅读障碍研究文献进行可视化计量分析。结果表明,汉语阅读障碍研究起步较晚,但发展迅速;我国大陆及香港地区的汉语阅读障碍研究在国际上有较高影响力,拥有众多具有科研实力的机构及学者;汉语的阅读障碍研究主要围绕儿童阅读发展及发展性阅读障碍相关的话题展开;当前研究主要关注视觉注意广度或语法技能与阅读障碍的关系。     

《庄子》二题

庄子的“吾丧我”涵盖工夫与本体两个层面,其含义是“唯丧我才能见道”,又是“见道后的自然解脱”。庄子“大木”的形象是丑的,但“大木”意象是美的,“大木”的本质是庄子对个体生死意义的独到领悟,又是一种超然而可求的人生态度。