Disaster preparedness,adaptive politics and lifelong learning: a case of Japan

Preparedness for disaster scenarios is progressively becoming an educational agenda for governments because of diversifying risks and threats worldwide. In disaster-prone Japan, disaster preparedness has been a prioritised national agenda, and preparedness education has been undertaken in both formal schooling and lifelong learning settings. This article examines the politics behind one prevailing policy discourse in the field of disaster preparedness referred to as ‘the four forms of aid’ – ‘kojo [public aid]’, ‘jijo [self-help]’, ‘gojo/kyojo [mutual aid]’. The study looks at the Japanese case, however, the significance is global, given that neo-liberal governments are increasingly having to deal with a range of disaster situations whether floods or terrorism, while implementing austerity measures. Drawing on the theory of the adaptiveness of neo-liberalism, the article sheds light on the hybridity of the current Abe government’s politics: a ‘dominant’ neo-liberal economic approach – public aid and self-help – and a ‘subordinate’ moral conservative agenda – mutual aid. It is argued that the four forms of aid are an effective ‘balancing act’, and that kyojo in particular is a powerful legitimator in the hybrid politics. The article concludes that a lifelong and life-wide preparedness model could be developed in Japan which has taken a social approach to lifelong learning.     

Assessing ethics education through national tests—an advantage or not?

The purpose of this study is to describe, critically analyse and discuss the Swedish system of assessing ethics education in compulsory school through national tests. The publicly available tests from 2013 for grades six and nine have been studied as have the assessment instructions for teachers. Staff responsible for the test construction have been interviewed. The aims, core content and knowledge requirements of the curriculum were also studied. The concept ‘ethical competence’ was used as an analytical tool in the qualitative content analyses. Through the design of this study, the actual test, its process of construction and the curriculum were examined. The results suggest that ethics education, given (a) the curricular construction of what ability to assess, (b) complexities of test construction in ethics and (c) possible teach-to-the-test effects, runs the risk of being limited to an argumentative, conceptual competence, with ethics education being emptied of crucial content. However, being included in national testing can strengthen the position of a school subject. Is it then an advantage for ethics education to be tested in this way? The critical problems the study raises make the author conclude it to be a disadvantage for ethics education to be tested through national tests.     

模块式液压阀试验系统研究

研制了一种模块式液压阀实验系统，该试验系统能完成国家标准规定的压力阀、流量阀方向阀的性能测试。该试验系统采用模块式测试回路和计算机辅助测试技术，使泼试验系统能满足各类用户的使用要求。     

高职文秘专业考试制度初探

进行以"实践能力测试"为核心的考试制度改革就是要摒弃以往传统的考试制度,侧重对学生的实践能力考察,并引导学生重视知识运用能力、分析和解决问题能力、自我评价和评价他人能力及心理素质、协作精神、职业道德等。这种理念主要是培养出适应现代需要的,具有更强实践能力、创新能力和创业精神的现代化文秘人才。     

微信红包随机金额生成算法模拟及应用

构造了微信红包随机金额的模拟算法,并验证了模拟算法的有效性。通过模拟算法,产生了大量微信红包随机金额数据,分析这些数据表明:(1)微信红包随机金额呈正态分布,是在红包份数较少的情况下,表现出的一种巧合,在红包份数较多的情况下,随机金额并不符合正态分布;(2)对一个微信随机红包,概率上,每个人抢到的红包金额是相等的,即抢红包的先后次序对抢到金额的多寡没有影响;(3)对一个微信随机红包,越晚产生的随机金额,其波动范围越大,即先抢红包的人,抢到平均金额的可能性比较高,后抢的人,要么抢到较小的金额,要么抢到较大的金额。     

Learning styles in engineering education: the quest to improve didactic practices

This article discusses a dilemma that engineering educators encounter when attempting to develop pedagogical methods: that of finding efficient and scientifically valid didactic practices. The multitude of methods offered by educational consultants is perplexing. Moreover, the popularity of commercially offered solutions such as learning styles testing makes them appear attractive. The study presents one case of application of learning styles, the consequent problems and evaluation of results. It concludes that the use of learning styles is not supported by current pedagogical theories. Practices to foster interdisciplinary understanding between learning sciences and engineering are proposed in order to improve engineering education, most notably collaborative projects between university departments.     

渐开线圆柱齿轮精度的计算机辅助设计

该文介绍渐开线圆柱齿轮精度的计算机辅助设计及计算的有关问题，对提高齿轮精度设计的准确度及其合理性有一定的实际指导意义。     

英语语言测试的批判理论分析

本文根据批判理论的观点对英语测试,特别是美国TOEFL和英国IELTS进行了历史回顾和现状分析,结果表明:影响英语测试的因素除语言学、语言教学和语言测试理论外,也受到社会政治和经济因素的制约。国外外语测试都是在一定的历史背景下发展起来的,都有其特定的历史条件和社会需求。     

从语言测试学角度分析CET写作能力实质

在目前广大师生对于大学英语作文部分的要求和评分体系缺乏清楚认识的前提下,本文从语言测试学的角度展示CET作文的基本要求和大学英语写作能力的实质及构成要素,对于大学英语写作教学尤其是作文的整体质量的提高有积极的推动作用。     

一种求解非线性方程组的混沌优化算法

本文针对非线性方程组的求解问题提出一种混合算法,将方程组转换成一个优化问题。利用优化问题的非线性共轭梯度法与混沌优化方法相结合,提出了一种新的混合优化算法。该算法能使非线性共轭梯度法跳出局部最优,最终获得全局最优。算法的收敛性也进行了证明,数值结果表明该算法是有效的。