镀锌钢丝扭转试验异常断口分析

利用扫描电镜对镀锌钢丝扭转试验异常断口进行分析,结果显示,锌铁合金层之间的纵向裂纹以及钢材中的条状硫化物是造成断口异常的原因。     

钕铁硼氢粉碎过程控制实验室设计与实现

针对多变量、非线性、耦合为特点的复杂工业过程,以钕铁硼氢粉碎工艺为背景的复杂工业过程控制实验平台,可为基于数据驱动的控制模型建立、优化和验证提供研发实验环境。氢粉碎过程控制实验平台由下位机和上位机构成,下位机实时采集钕铁硼氢粉碎工艺参数,接收和执行上位机命令;上位机的数据库完成工艺数据存储,与数据库连接的仿真平台完成模型建立和验证;上位机根据实时工艺数据和控制模型生成控制命令送给下位机。使用者收集建模样本数据时,可方便地改变采样频率,并同时对比模型相应结果。实践表明,该实验促进了学生科研能力的提高,实现了教学与科研的有机结合。     

氢原子中电子运动所产生的电流密度

氢原子是所有原子当中最简单的一种原子,人们对它的研究已经比较充分。当氢原子不受外界作用时,它将处于定态,而氢原子中的电子围绕原子核运动时,将会产生一种电流,这一电流密度的计算是比较复杂的。该文利用定态薛定谔方程推导出了概率流密度,从而由概率流密度得出了氢原子中电子运动所产生的电流密度。结果表明:该电流密度与径向坐标r和角坐标θ无关,而只与角坐标φ有关。     

Occurrence of the Bunsen side reaction in the sulfur-iodine thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production

This study aimed to establish a closed-cycle operation technology with high thermal efficiency in the thermochemical sulfur-iodine cycle for large-scale hydrogen production. A series of experimental studies were performed to investigate the occurrence of side reactions in both the H₂SO₄ and HI _x phases from the H₂SO₄/HI/I₂/H₂O quaternary system within a constant temperature range of 323–363 K. The effects of iodine content, water content and reaction temperature on the side reactions were evaluated. The results showed that an increase in the reaction temperature promoted the side reactions. However, they were prevented as the iodine or water content increased. The occurrence of side reactions was faster in kinetics and more intense in the H₂SO₄ phase than in the HI _x phase. The sulfur or hydrogen sulfide formation reaction or the reverse Bunsen reaction was validated under certain conditions.     

内循环吹气吸收法测定沉积物中硫化物含量研究

酸性可挥发硫化物(AVS)是沉积物污染的一项重要指标。在吹气吸收法和冷扩散法基础上,自行设计内循环吹气吸收实验装置用于沉积物中AVS的测定,讨论了流量、时间、温度、含量对测定结果的影响。实验结果表明:内循环吹气吸收法具有装置简单、操作简便、反应时间短、准确度高等优点。实际测定了沉积物样品,回收率95%以上,该方法更适合沉积物AVS的常规测定。     

锌配合物[Zn（H2O）6]（NO2-C9H4O64H2O的合成和晶体结构

合成了一种新颖的配合物[Zn（H2O）6]（NO2-C9H4O6）2-4H2O,并用x-射线单晶衍射仪测定了其结构．晶体数据表明,该配合物属三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数为：a=6．850（19）A,b=6．92（2）A,c=19．25（6）A,α=92．74（5）°,β=92．10（5）°,γ=118．13（3）°,V=802（4）A3,Z=1,Dcalc=1．562g·cm-3,／I,=0．869mm-1,F（000）=388,R1=0．0787,wR2=0．2106．在配合物结构单元中,zn原子与六个水分子配位,形成略有畸变的八面体阳离子基团,阳离子基团和5-硝基-1,2,3-苯三甲酸负一价阴离子通过氢键相互作用连接在一起形成二维三明治状超分子化合物．     

Multistage Extractive Reaction for Hydrogen Peroxide Production by Anthraquinone Process

The extractive reaction process of oxygen-working solution-water three-phase system for the production of hydrogen peroxide by the anthraquinone method was investigated in a sieve plate column of 50 mm in internal diameter. The oxidation reaction of anthrahydroquinone in the working solution with oxygen and the extraction of hydrogen peroxide from the working solution into aqueous phase occurred simultaneously in the countercurrent mode. The agitating effect caused by gaseous phase made the droplets of the dispersed phase become smaller, thus, increasing the liquid-liquid interfacial contact areas and resulting in the improvement of the mass transfer velocity. Results showed that the gas-agitation had a beneficial effect on the extraction of hydrogen peroxide from the working solution into the aqueous phase： the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the raffinate decreased with the increase of the gaseous superficial velocities： and the concentration of H2O2 in the raffinate increased with the increase of the dispersed phase superficial velocity at the same superficial velocity of the gaseous phase. In the G-L-L extractive reaction process, with the increase of the gaseous superficial velocities, both the conversion of the anthrahydroquinone oxidation and the extraction efficiency of hydrogen peroxide first increased significantly, then increased gradually.     

核能综合利用研究现状与展望

核能是满足能源供应、保证国家安全的重要支柱之一。核能发电在技术成熟性、经济性、可持续性等方面具有很大的优势,同时相较于水电、光电、风电具有无间歇性、受自然条件约束少等优点,是可以大规模替代化石能源的清洁能源。目前核能主要用于发电,只有少数反应堆应用于核能供热和海水淡化。随着技术的发展,尤其是第四代核能系统技术逐渐成熟和应用,核能有望超脱出仅仅提供电力的角色。文章围绕核能的综合利用,从高效发电、核能制氢、海水淡化、核能供热和高温工艺热利用的角度,分别阐述了核能综合利用现状以及未来发展趋势,最后展望了核能在未来构建多能融合的复合能源系统中的重要作用。     

FeCl3-CuCl2-HCl催化H2O2分解的动力学研究

本文研究了在FeCl3-CuCl2-HCl混合液催化H2O2分解的反应动力学.测定了25、30、35、40℃下的速率常数k,其值分别为0.01524、0.02936、0.05751、0.10233min-1.直线ln后～1/T的线性相关系数为-0.99994.由此可知,该反应为一级反应,其活化能E25～40=98.323kJ·mol-1.