基于ISO9000构建高职院校教学质量监控体系的探索

教学质量监控体系是高职院校教学质量保证体系的重要组成部分,完备的教学质量监控体系,对保障人才培养质量具有非常重要的作用。基于ISO9000族标准,提出了构建高职院校教学质量监控体系的思路和方法。     

高等学校教学督导理念和体制机制问题探析

考察我国教育督导制度的设计及其效果,发现根本的问题是教学督导委员会组成人员的教学理念问题和知识结构问题,特别是学校为委员会设计的评价标准问题。解决这一问题需要逐步建立教师对教学督导的认同感,同时建立教学督导人员的遴选标准和课堂教学评价新理念新标准。     

“You can't make this a science!” — Analyzing decision support systems in political contexts

This paper reports on problems and conflicts encountered when using decision support systems (DSS) in political contexts. Based on a literature study and two case studies we describe problems encountered in relation not only to the DSS itself, but also to the political decision process. The case studies have been carried out in two cities in Sweden that at different times but in similar situations have used DSS in order to reach a decision in complicated and contested matters. In both cases we have previously found that the method and IT tool used for decision analysis were appreciated by most participants, but the inherent rationality of the DSS was in conflict with how participants usually make decisions as well as with the political process. The assumption was that a strict and open method would make grounds for clear decisions, but the results of the decision process were none of the cases implemented. In one case the result of the decision analysis was that no clear decision was made. In the other case the lowest ranked alternative was implemented. Furthermore, in neither city the method was ever used again. We therefore ask: What are the challenges and limitations to using DSS in political contexts? Our study shows that challenges relate to selecting and using criteria; eliciting weights for criteria (high level of subjectivity); understanding all the amount of facts available in the system; time constraints; and lack of impact on the final decision. This study contributes to both research and practice by increasing the understanding of what challenges are experienced in DSS use, since the findings can be used as a framework of challenges that should be addressed, in design of systems as well as method for use. The study also contributes to understanding the role of politicians in decision-making and the consequences for the use of DSS. Further, the literature study showed that there are overall very few studies on the actual use of DSS in a political context, and we therefore conclude by encouraging more studies reporting actual use.     

《皖政辑要》所见晚清安徽财政制度的变革

作为一部反映晚清安徽政情的史籍,《皖政辑要》中关于财政制度的文献占有相当大的篇幅。尤为重要的是,该书的《度支科》从赋税制度的变革、财政支出的变化这两个方面,为我们展现了晚清安徽财政制度的嬗变,也为我们洞察晚清安徽社会经济的变迁提供了绝佳视角。     

创建法学实验教学示范中心的探索与实践

实验教学示范中心建设终极目标是为人才培养服务,必须符合是否有利于建立培养学生实践能力和创新能力的实验教学体系;是否有利于建设满足现代实验教学需要的高素质实验教学队伍;是否有利于建立现代化的高效运行管理机制;是否有利于提高实验教学水平和实验室使用效益。同时,介绍了公安大学公安执法实验教学中心近年来在实验教学体系构建、实验教学队伍建设、建立管理机制、改革教学方法和手段等多方面建设情况和经验,以及在实验教学效果、学生科研创新能力、实验室使用效益、社会各界评价等方面取得显著成效,大大地提高了学校实验教学水平,中心实现跨越式发展。     

“电力系统自动化”精品课程建设

"电力系统自动化"是电气工程类专业人才的一门必修课。作为一门精品课程,其关键在于课程的建设。"电力系统自动化"精品课程建设包括教学手段改革和教学内容建设两大部分,为此进行了创新性的教学实践。实践表明,该课程的建设不仅可以巩固学生的理论知识,提高学生的动手能力,还能激发学生的主观能动性和创造性思维,增强创新能力,同时教师的业务水平也得到提高。     

组织系统对博士后学术职业认同的影响研究——基于Nature 2020年全球博士后调查的实证分析

文章以生态系统理论为框架,基于Nature 2020年全球博士后调查数据探究组织环境对博士后学术职业认同的影响,结果显示:从全球整体情况来看,博士后学术职业认同不甚理想,学术从业意愿和学术热情现状均不容乐观,博士后对组织系统的5个维度的满意度一般;组织系统的不同维度对博士后学术职业认同有显著正向影响,其中专业成长支持作为近端环境对博士后人员学术职业从业意愿和学术热情积极影响最大,并且组织环境不同维度对不同背景博士后在学术职业从业意愿、学术热情存在异质性影响;其他变量如性别、专业、资助形式、国际流动、工作时长、已有年限和任期等也能对博士后的学术职业意愿和学术热情产生不同程度的显著影响。     

SecureCPS: Cognitive inspired framework for detection of cyber attacks in cyber–physical systems

In the era of autonomous systems, the security is indispensable module for flexible computing environment. Due to increased computer power and network speed, a new computing paradigm, such as cognitive inspired computing, will emerge. Such a paradigm provides human-centered services that are convenient and enjoyable at any time, anywhere, and on any device. On the foundation of smart city environment, human computer interaction, intelligent services, and universal device connectivity, Cyber Physical Computing for Cyber Physical systems has recently been investigated. However, in this proposal, a cognitive inspired framework for securing CPS is scrutinized. The cognitive ability is conceded to the search engines by updating the PageRank ranking methodology. The proposed framework, named SecureCPS is trained with real time collective dataset for marking the relevancy of web page with the support the facial expressions. The eye regions are marked using Focal Point Detector algorithm. The framework is validated with machine learning models and resulted in achieving 98.51% accuracy and its outperforms the existing frameworks.     

一种新型信息基础设施：高通量低熵算力网（信息高铁）

人类正在进入一个“人机物”三元融合的万物智能互联时代,需要一种新型信息基础设施,即全球规模的高通量低熵算力网,形象地简称为“信息高铁”。文章介绍了信息高铁的愿景,包括基础性需求、关键科学技术问题和系统结构。与互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等现有网络计算系统相比,信息高铁的目标是原生支持“人机物”三元融合和低熵有序,降低系统无序的负面影响,提升系统通量与应用品质。     

Using structured examples and prompting reflective questions to correct misconceptions about thermodynamic concepts

This paper explores the effectiveness of using ‘structured examples in concert with prompting reflective questions’ to address misconceptions held by mechanical engineering students about thermodynamic principles by employing pre-test and post-test design, a structured questionnaire, lecture room observation, and participants’ interviews. Students’ misconceptions were identified through pre-tests that evaluated students’ understanding of the chosen concepts, while conceptual change was assessed in pre-test–post-test design that revealed students’ ability to apply the concepts and transfer skills from a worked example to satisfactorily undertake a fairly complex similar problem. The use of worked examples in concert with prompting reflective questions is effective for inducing correct conceptual change and effective problem-solving skills. However, it is recommended that engineering tutors should incorporate inquiry-based learning approach and computer simulations alongside the use of worked examples with prompting reflective questions in order to enhance students’ conceptual understanding of thermodynamic concepts.