国外技术标准研究综述

摘要：技术标准的经济学研究始于外部性理论,丰富于网络型产业兴起之后。从上个世纪80年代开始,国外的研究重点集中于技术标准的属性、技术标准的形成机理、技术标准的效率和技术标准战略等领域。下一步的研究将进一步完善技术标准的经济学体系,理论的应用范围也将得到扩展。相比之下,国内研究存在一些基本认识上的问题,对现象的研究很多,对规律的研究较少。       

“Et sachiez qu’il se repenti fort quant yl y envoia” (Jean de Joinville,Vie de saint Louis). Par-delà la désillusion mongole. Mœurs et légendes “tartares” au temps du roi Saint Louis

The passage that John of Joinville, faithful companion of Louis IX, devotes to the Mongols in his chronicle of the Seventh Crusade, known as “La Vie de Saint Louis”, cross-conceives two structures under the sign of hope: historical facts and legends on the one hand, and Christian sensibilities on the other, giving way to a set of “ethnological” observations about what are presented as “barbarian” customs. The text gives a faithful reflection on sentiments which agitated the Crusaders and their King: hope and disillusion. But Joinville's testimony goes far beyond that: it is first and foremost a testimony of love upon which history could be re-written.     

Social innovation and employment in the digital age: The case of the connect employment shuttles in Spain

The digital revolution has shaped the modern world in unprecedented ways. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the value of digital technologies. As the health crisis’ effect rippled through economic, political, and social structures worldwide, it also accelerated the adoption of digital tools to pool expertise, ideas, and capacities for generating solutions to the pandemic’s short- and long-term implications. One of the areas where major challenges have arisen is employment.In the whole panorama of digital social innovation in Spain, we find an experience that can be described as outstanding and that links employment and digitalization. However, despite being highly successful, there is hardly any academic literature on this experience. The Connect Employment Shuttles will be the subject of specific in-depth analysis in this article. This is a socially innovative program that has been developed since 2020 in collaboration with the Santa María la Real Foundation. The Connect Employment Shuttles are an existing model specialization, the Employment Shuttles, but applied in the field of digitalization. In this article, we present the origin of the Employment Shuttles and the differences between them and other labor market integration initiatives, their constituent elements, and the social impact they exert.The research question of our study is whether this innovative mechanism combining employment and digitalization is valid and reliable. The answer is particularly relevant for private and public entities interested in implementing effective measures against unemployment, especially in vulnerable groups. The main contribution of this study is the systematized presentation of the experience of the Connect Employment Shuttles and its results so far, being the major limitation is the scarcity and dispersion of information sources.     

韦伯芗大权法与罗马帝国元首制构建研究

公元69年罗马帝国元老院通过的韦伯芗大权法（LexdeimperioVespasiani）,是古罗马唯一一部成文宪法,也是西方世界保留下来的最古老的较完整宪法文本。罗马帝国初期的共和复辟运动,说明了元首制的确立和巩固是一个长期的过程。公元68—69年内战结束后,罗马元老院通过韦伯芗大权法,为元首权力的合法性进行辩护,对元首与元老院的权力关系进行了界定,为元首制的最终确立奠定了法理基础。     

“Border Crossing”in English Job-Seeking Discourse-Informalization and Marketization in One Creative Résumé

Border crossing is a metaphoric term in sociolinguistics referring to a blurring of English use across different domains of social discourses. This article shows how border crossing in English job-seek...     

论恺撒史学的政治实用特性简

恺撒留给我们两部完整的战记,即《高卢战记》和《内战记》.《高卢战记》以第三人称写作,以看似客观公正的第三者的立场记载恺撒在高卢的军事行动,以掩盖反驳罗马国内质疑他发动高卢战争的目的在于建立个人功绩这一政治目的.《内战记》更是一部纯粹的政治辩护著作,把发动内战的责任推给庞培.这两部著作不仅记载恺撒政治军事生涯,而且也是他用来为自己政治行为辩护、建立政治威信和攻击政敌的政治舞台.     

译员对工作语言“语言特质”掌握程度对口译过程的影响

语言思维认知观认为,语言与思维关系密切,但并非同源产生、平行发展。语言习得过程中,思维塑造语言,而语言则影响和部分构建某些思维;语言使用过程中,二者关系愈加密切,但仍存在着无需语言外壳的思维。不同的自然语言语符系统不仅在韵律、词语、句法、篇章结构等方面呈现为各异的语言形式,还蕴含着各自民族的思维方式、社会文化特色及其发展阶段,这些要素构成了一门语言的"语言特质"(le génie de la langue)。文章通过梳理和厘清"语言特质"这一概念,从而推测不同水平译员对工作语言的语言特质的掌握程度会影响他们在口译过程三阶段(理解、转换、产出)中对语言形式的处理程度和信息传达效果。     

在篮球教学中实施素质教育的理论研究与实践

实施素质教育已成为体育教学改革的主流。针对在篮球教学中如何实施素质教育进行了理论研究与实践，并指出转变教学思想、探索篮球教学新模式、改革教学方法、拓宽教学组织形式、改革考试评价方法等，是在篮球教学中实施素质教育的有效途径。     

Medicine and surgery in the Livre des Assises de la Cour des Bourgeois de Jérusalem

The Livre des Assises, written in the thirteenth century in Acre, not only provides insights into the practice of medicine and surgery in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, but also suggests that the licensing and regulation of doctors reflected contemporary Islamic practice.     

交际文化的结构分析与教学体系建构

随着国际交流的日益加深,传统的纯语言知识和能力的教育已远远不能满足未来发展的需要,高素质即跨文化交际水平的培养将成为外语教学的最终目的。在这种情况下,就迫切需要有相应的教学模式作为理论指导,建构切实可行的教学体系来培养学生的目的语文化交际能力,这正是推动我国外语教学研究的一个强大动力。