医学影像学教学改革的实施策略初步研究

为了保证医学影像学课堂教学有效性,促进医学影像学教学质量的提升,就必须在现有的教学基础上对医学影像学教学存在的问题进行改革。由此可知,“医学影像学教学改革的实施策略初步研究”这一课题具有重要的研究意义。为此,作者从医学影像学教学现状入手,对其进行了全方位、深层次的剖析,并在此基础上探究了医学影像学教学改革实施策略,给出了具有代表性的个人建议。     

The translucent cadaver: An evaluation of the use of full body digital x-ray images and drawings in surface anatomy education

It has been noted by staff at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University that medical students neglect the study of surface anatomy during dissection. This study reports on the novel use of Lodox® Statscan® images in anatomical education, particularly the teaching of surface anatomy. Full body digital X‐ray images (Lodox Statscan) of each cadaver (n = 40) were provided to second year medical students. During dissection students were asked to visualize landmarks, organs, and structures on the digital X‐ray and their cadaver, as well as palpate these landmarks and structures on themselves, their colleagues, and the cadaver. To stimulate student engagement with surface anatomy, dissection groups were required to draw both the normal and actual position of organs on a laminated image provided. The accuracy of the drawings was subsequently assessed and students were further assessed by means of practical identification tests. In addition, students were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire. A response rate of 79% was obtained for the student questionnaire. From the questionnaire it was gathered that students found the digital X‐ray images beneficial for viewing most systems' organs, except for the pelvic organs. Although it appears that students still struggle with the study of surface anatomy, most students believed that the digital X‐rays were beneficial to their studies and supported their continued use in the future. Anat Sci Educ. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.     

从记忆到想像：艺术作为摄影时代的影像转向

在传统观念下,摄影被认为是真实时空中发生的事物和活动的复制品,是现实世界的纯粹反映,而数字影像的记录方式从实体的银盐变成了虚拟的像素,通过后期再加工合成或电脑绘图制作的影像把摄影从记忆中的现实空间转化为想象中的拟像空间,解构了传统摄影的确证和记录的本质,颠覆了摄影艺术纪实美、瞬间美的本体特性,重塑了当代影像艺术的创作与审美架构,步入瓦尔特.本雅明所预示的＂艺术作为摄影＂的时代。本文从传统摄影的本体特性切入,探讨数字影像技术对新闻摄影伦理观念的冲击,摄影艺术创作方法和观念的转变等问题。     

基于映射的信息检索逻辑模型研究

本文讨论了基于逻辑映射的信息检索模型,对该模型进行实例分析,指出该模型在实际应用中存在的一些问题.这些问题包括各可能世界的先验概率分布和各可能世界间的相似关系的计算.文中分析了当不同的文档中都包含有查询中的标引词时,如何区分文档的重要性,并对其中一些问题提出了改进的方法.     

虚物的成像规律及作图方法

物体的成像规律及作图方法贯穿几何光学的始终,在折射或反射、特别是在光具组的成像过程中,往往会出现虚物的作图求像,而教材又没有具体阐明相应的内容,针对这种情况,在近轴条件下,用平行于主光轴的入射光线的性质阐明虚物在各光学元件中的成像规律,并对主光轴上虚物点的作用给出一般的方法。     

The Cathedrals of England: Environmental Performance,Conservation and Exhibitions

ABSTRACT

English medieval cathedrals are a group of buildings of exceptional significance and they contain collections of equal importance. Both the historic building fabric and the artefacts are vulnerable to environmental deterioration. However, unlike buildings owned by heritage organisations, the primary purpose of cathedrals is to further the Christian mission, and the conservation of the building and collections is required to be conducted within these constraints. Increasing visitor numbers and the installation of sophisticated exhibitions makes the task of conservation all the more demanding. Next to mechanical damage, environmental factors are the greatest source of deterioration to sensitive fabric and collections. However, until recently, there has been little systematic study of English cathedral environments and the effects of different uses and control measures. Detailed studies undertaken on 20 cathedrals in the past two decades have provided an insight into their environmental performance and how they differ as a group from many other historic buildings, as well as the passive conservation measures that can be implemented within their primary function.     

High-Resolution Ultrasonic Imaging of Artworks with Seismic Interferometry for Their Conservation and Restoration

Artworks are an inseparable part of the cultural heritage of societies and provide us with a unique look at cultural developments through time and space. For the best possible conservation, it is paramount to know the constituent materials, condition, and construction techniques of the objects (e.g. painting on wood, fresco, sculpture). Such information is required not only for the surfaces of the objects, but also for the interiors; in the imaging discipline, this is known as depth imaging. Here, we introduce a new method for non-invasive depth imaging as an alternative to traditional non-invasive methods when the latter cannot be used to obtain the required information. We use ultrasonic transverse-wave transmission measurements and turn them into virtual reflection measurements. We achieve this by applying seismic interferometry with active sources. Obtaining reflection measurements by seismic interferometry allows us to apply an advanced imaging technique – prestack depth migration, as used in seismic exploration – to produce a high-resolution depth image of an object. We apply our method to ultrasonic data recorded on a mockup of a painting on a wooden support. We validate our method by comparing our results with an image from X-ray computed tomography.     

高分辨率SAR子孔径图像相干性分析 及其地物分类应用

针对相干性这一合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像分析常用的特征量进行分析,首先从理论上分析高分辨率SAR图像中人造目标和自然地物等典型目标的子孔径、子频带以及不同子孔径重轨干涉图像间的相干系数,然后利用高分辨率星载SAR实际数据开展上述相干系数的计算,验证分析的正确性。随后根据不同地物在不同维度相干系数上体现的不同特点,进行非监督地物分类,并给出不同类别所表征的地物特点。分析结果可为高分辨率SAR数据的优化应用提供支撑,并可加深对SAR不同地物目标特性的理解。     

实验室中基于视景仿真的立体成像与显示技术

视景仿真技术是目前实验室投影显示技术发展的一个重要方向,本文从基本原理、实现方式、硬件构成等三个方面对视景仿真三维立体成像技术进行了探讨,其对于构建基于视景仿真技术立体投影系统具有一定的参考价值。     

医用光学成像方法研究综述

从医学成像的角度,以实践为基础,总结并给出了一些直接或间接的医学光成像实际方法,讨论了不同方法的优缺点及其关联性,指出了医学中光成像的发展方向.