白细胞介素18及其生物活性

白细胞介素18(IL-18)是新近发现的一种细胞因子，能诱导TH1细胞等产生IFN-r，GM-CSF等细胞因子及Fas配体，具有增强THI细胞和NK细胞的细胞毒作用等免疫调节功能，在抗病原微生物感染、抗肿瘤及抗超敏反映等方面具有潜在的应用前景，同时，它也是内毒素诱导的小鼠肝坏死性休克的关键因子。     

Effect of high glucose levels on the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by inducing osteoblastic differentiation and intracellular calcium deposition via BMP-2/Cbfα-1 pathway

In this paper,we investigate the effect and the possible mechanism of high glucose levels on the calcification of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs).HASMCs were divided into four groups: normal glucose group (NG),osmolality control group (OC),high glucose group (HG,HASMCs culture medium containing 30 mmol/L glucose),and high glucose plus recombinant human Noggin protein (bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) antagonist) group (HN).The mRNA levels and the protein expressions of BMP-2 and core binding factor alpha-1 (Cbfα-1) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot.After induced by 10 mmol/L β-glycerol phosphoric acid,cells were harvested for assessments of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities at Days 1,2,and 3,and intracellular calcium contents at Days 7 and 14,respectively.High glucose levels increased the mRNA levels and the protein expressions of BMP-2 and Cbfα-1 (P0.05).The expression of Cbfα-1 was partially blocked by Noggin protein (P0.05),while BMP-2 was not (P0.05).After being induced by β-glycerol phosphoric acid,high glucose levels increased the ALP activity [(48.63±1.03) vs.(41.42±2.28) U/mg protein,Day 3;P0.05] and the intracellular calcium content [(2.76±0.09) vs.(1.75±0.07) μmol/mg protein,Day 14;P0.05] in a time-dependent manner when compared with the NG group,while the ALP activity could not be blocked by Noggin protein [(48.63±1.03) vs.(47.37±0.97) U/mg protein,Day 3;P0.05].These results show that high glucose levels can evoke the calcification of HASMCs by inducing osteoblastic trans-differentiation and intracellular calcium deposition via the BMP-2/Cbfα-1 pathway,which can be partially blocked by Noggin protein.     

合成生物学工业应用的现状和展望

通过合成生物学技术可以实现化学品的生物合成,从而为摆脱石油资源依赖提供了可能。合成生物学技术的发展极大地提高了微生物细胞工厂生产化学品的能力,创造的新菌种、新工艺可以有效替代传统工艺,显著降低污染,大幅减少能耗,提升传统发酵行业的技术水平。文章对利用合成生物学技术构建细胞工厂以及构建多酶分子机器来生产化学品的关键因素和典型案例进行了综述,并对合成生物学技术工业应用的未来进行了展望。     

LAK细胞疫苗治疗大鼠佐剂关节炎的初步探讨

目的为探索RA生物治疗的新途径,以及进一步认识RA的发病机制方法：近交系SD大鼠以完全弗氏佐剂致炎形成佐剂关节炎（adjuvantarthritis,AA）．分离AA大鼠淋巴细胞,经培养扩增后,采用已建立的肿瘤疫苗专利技术制成LAK疫苗．实验动物分别于腋下注射LAK细胞疫苗,每周一次共2次．治疗前后分别采血测定WBC和RBC并作比较分析结果经LAK细胞疫苗免疫后,实验动物组外周血淋巴细胞数目较治疗前显著减少（23.75±9．36对10.82±6,38,p＜0.01）．同时实验动物组的贫血状况明显好转,RBC数量明显增加（6.40±1.67对9.24±2．21,P＜0．05）结论LAK细胞疫苗可降低佐剂关节炎外周血淋巴细胞的数目并改善其贫血状态,在治疗自身免疫性疾病中可能是一种有用的手段,值得进一步研究．     

从文献统计分析看诱导多能干细胞的研究

诱导多能干细胞是近年来干细胞研究的焦点,本文基于pubmed数据库,通过对诱导多能干细胞的文献检索,利用TDA及spss软件,对诱导多能干细胞的文献进行年代分布、重要来源期刊、多产作者及研究热点的统计分析,旨在探讨ips的研究现状及其发展态势。     

Cell membrane-covered nanoparticles as biomaterials

Surface engineering of synthetic carriers is an essential and important strategy for drug delivery in vivo. However, exogenous properties make synthetic nanosystems invaders that easily trigger the passive immune clearance mechanism, increasing the retention effect caused by the reticuloendothelial systems and bioadhesion, finally leading to low therapeutic efficacy and toxic effects. Recently, a cell membrane cloaking technique has been reported as a novel interfacing approach from the biological/immunological perspective, and has proved useful for improving the performance of synthetic nanocarriers in vivo. After cell membrane cloaking, nanoparticles not only acquire the physiochemical properties of natural cell membranes but also inherit unique biological functions due to the presence of membrane-anchored proteins, antigens, and immunological moieties. The derived biological properties and functions, such as immunosuppressive capability, long circulation time, and targeted recognition integrated in synthetic nanosystems, have enhanced their potential in biomedicine in the future. Here, we review the cell membrane-covered nanosystems, highlight their novelty, introduce relevant biomedical applications, and describe the future prospects for the use of this novel biomimetic system constructed from a combination of cell membranes and synthetic nanomaterials.     

用平面波法计算光子晶体光纤

本文讨论了平面波法在光子晶体光纤中的应用,在光子晶体光纤的横截面内选取包含芯层的一个大晶格,形成一个假想的二维周期结构,用平面波将模式磁场展开．就可以求解任意横截面光纤中的麦克斯韦方程。     

固体氧化物燃料电池的现状与发展

固体氧化物燃料电池是将燃料中的化学能直接转化为电能的电化学装置，具有高效率、零污 染、无噪声等特点。它可以为民用、商业、军事和交通运输等提供高质量的电源。这一技术 的成功应用对于缓解能源危机、满足对电力数量和质量的需求、保护生态环境和国家安全都 具有重大的意义。本文简略地介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池及其现状和存在的问题，并就作者 的观点提出了值得深入研究的课题。     

基于元胞自动机的莫莫格湿地土地覆被预测模拟

本文运用元胞自动机结合人工神经网络方法,利用1986年和2004年两时期的ETM遥感影像,对莫莫格国家级湿地自然保护区的土地覆被变化进行了动态的模拟和预测,探讨了元胞自动机模型在湿地土地覆被变化预测和湿地资源保护方面的重要作用,为湿地资源的动态监测与可持续发展提供参考和决策支持。在模型实现过程中,以正六边形元胞取代传统的四边形元胞,克服了传统四边形元胞各向异性的先天不足,减小了模型预测的误差。应用BP神经网络与元胞自动机相结合自动挖掘出元胞自动机模型的转换规则,不仅降低建立多种土地覆被类型预测模拟的难度,而且减少了人为的主观因素,提高了准确性。将模型应用到莫莫格湿地保护区,预测的结果与实际土地覆被类型比较得出预测精度达到约80%,通过对该地区未来34年土地覆被变化的预测,反映出了该地区耕地面积增大、湿地减少的生态环境变坏的趋势,为该保护区的管理和发展提供了参考。