中国西部贫困地区义务教育存在的问题及其对策研究

我国在实现基本普及九年义务教育的目标之后，义务教育开始进入全面提高普及的新阶段。因此，西部贫困地区的普九成为当前义务教育“攻坚”的重点。本文通过分析当前西部贫困地区不能普及义务教育的原因，提出了重视学校基础设施建设，改善代课教师的待遇，合理布局贫困山区教学点等一系列措施和建议。     

Moral spaces,the struggle for an intergenerational environmental ethics and the social ecology of families: an ‘other’ form of environmental education

‘Green families’ in Australia were studied so as to shed light on how a more durable, everyday environmental ethic and ecopolitic might slowly be enacted in the intimacy of the home ‘place’ over an extended period of time in rapidly changing socio‐cultural‐ecological conditions. Of particular interest to this study of the green household, or postmodern oikos, was how its proximal ‘moral spaces’ have been nurtured intergenerationally by family members from within the broader global climate of what Zygmunt Bauman refers to as the ‘moral lag’ of postmodernity. Three layers of interpretive findings about the social ecology and family dynamics of this oikos are presented in an effort to provide detailed understandings about families’ eco being, dwelling and becoming. Implications for education for the environment can be gleaned from the ‘best’ ecopedagogical practices found in the home that are ‘other’ than those occurring in the formal education sector. This study adds to the theorizations of ‘social ecology’, ‘experiential education’, ‘ecopedagogy’ and, more generally, the notion of an everyday ‘ecocentrism’, while providing some clues for how environmental education in schools might mirror pedagogical aspects of the postmodern oikos.     

特殊家庭子女心理健康状况的调查分析

采用自编的中小学生心理健康状况测查问卷测查了526名特殊家庭和510名普通家庭的小学生和初中生。结果表明,特殊家庭子女的自我概念(2.20±0.49)最差,其次为学习认知问题(2.09±0.66)较多,再者是性格缺陷(2.03±0.54)和情绪问题(2.00±0.51)。特殊家庭子女在学习认知、人际适应、行为问题、情绪问题、性格缺陷、自我概念等各个方面以及总体心理健康状况均显著劣于普通家庭子女。不同类型特殊家庭子女的心理健康状况的比较显示,分居家庭子女的心理健康状况最差,流动家庭子女的心理健康问题也较多,其次是离异、丧偶和再婚家庭子女,留守家庭子女的心理健康问题最少。特殊家庭初中生在学习认知上存在的问题显著多于特殊家庭小学生。特殊家庭小学女生的自我概念问题显著多于小学男生。特殊家庭初中男生的学习认知、人际适应、行为问题、性格缺陷和总体心理健康状况显著劣于初中女生。     

Voices of children and parents from elsewhere: a glance at integration in Italian primary schools

This study involves 35 research participants: 20 immigrant parents (primarily mothers from South America, North Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East) and 15 primary school children, aged 10–11. These children were born outside Italy and primary school was their first encounter with the Italian educational system. We observed their processes of integration through their stories and those of their parents. Our investigation aims to identify factors that support or inhibit their school integration. We adopt an ecological research paradigm, proposing a vision of knowledge as rooted in natural life contexts, focusing on subjectivity. Analysis of the data led to identification of core categories concerning these families’ experiences and their children's encounters with Italian schools. This paper focuses on the children's perspectives of their experiences with school.     

A Counselling Framework for Caribbean Children and Families Who Have Experienced Migratory Separation and Reunion

This paper presents research findings on childrens’ responses to migratory separation and later reunion in Caribbean families and the needs of these families when parents migrate and leave their children behind. Implications of this type of separation on children, parents and surrogate caregivers are discussed. The challenges that counsellors in both the ‘sending’ and host countries face working with this population are also examined and suggestions made for psychosocial intervention and guidelines for counselling in both societies. The need for culturally competent counsellors to work with the growing population of immigrants in North America and Europe is indicated.     

新疆农村贫困地区民族初中汉语教师现状分析——国家贫困地区义务教育工程师资培训班个案调研

通过对国家贫困地区义务教育工程汉语师资培训班学员的调查,了解到新疆农村贫困地区汉语师资现状。对存在的问题进行研究,为农村贫困地区师资队伍建设提出建议。     

父辈亲情与政治隐喻——重读《傅雷家书》

傅雷是公认的20世纪中国最伟大的翻译家之一。他的一生,漂流于中西之间,徘徊于书斋内外,时而高歌猛进,时而低吟踯躅,颇富传奇色彩。他在1954—1966年间的家书,在当代文学史上有着独特的重要地位,家书“潜在”而真实的记录了“五四”一代知识分子在50年代中叶到60年代中叶政治风云变化莫测年代的心路历程,也张显了拥有“独立之精神,自由之思想”的一代知识分子的宝贵人格。     

贫困地区发展体育旅游产业的思考

在当今的旅游业中,体育旅游以其内容的丰富性、活动的欢乐性、效果的健身性尤为被人们喜爱,在我国的发达地区,体育旅游业的发展已取得相当的成功,而广大西部地区拥有丰富的旅游资源和体育旅游资源,有些省份未充分地把旅游业同体育旅游结合起来,没有实现资源的充分利用,从云南省的贫困地区昭通市来看,有着丰富的的体育旅游资源,但没有加以充分利用。应充分认识体育旅游的发展前景,利用现有资源,实现昭通旅游业的腾飞,为贫困地区经济发展做出贡献。     

The Centre for Studies in Science Education at the University of Leeds

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of aesthetic science activities on improving elementary school at-risk families’ children's positive thinking, attitudes toward science, and decreasing their anxiety about learning science. Thirty-six 4th-grade children from at-risk families volunteered to participate in a 12-week intervention and formed the experimental group; another 97 typical 4th graders were randomly selected to participant in the assessment and were used as the comparison group. The treatment for experimental group children emphasized scaffolding aesthetic science activities and inquiry strategies. The Elementary School Student Questionnaire was administered to assess all children's positive thinking, attitudes toward science, and anxiety about learning science. In addition, nine target children from the experimental group with the lowest scores on either positive thinking, or attitudes toward science, or with the highest scores on anxiety about learning science in the pre-test were recruited to be interviewed at the end of the intervention and observed weekly. Confirmatory factor analyses, analyses of covariance, and content theme analysis assessed the similarities and differences between groups. It was found that the at-risk families’ children were motivated by the treatment and made significant progress on positive thinking and attitudes toward science, and also decreased their anxiety about learning science. The findings from interviews and classroom observations also revealed that the intervention made differences in children's affective perceptions of learning science. Implication and research recommendation are discussed.     

关于加强困境家庭儿童保护的思考

困境家庭儿童在以往儿童救助保护体系中缺乏关注,近年来则逐渐进入政府和公众的视野。保护困境家庭儿童,拓展了儿童保护范围,在一定程度上也能够预防由于家庭原因而导致的儿童受伤害事件的发生。通过明晰困境家庭儿童的涵义,分析其在生活、心理、社会交往等方面面临的问题,从专业化、社会化、多元化等多角度提出了保护的若干建议。