基于时间约束的供应链配送系统随机模型

在随机需求条件下,配送系统设计除了使系统总费用的期望值最小外,还要满足各需求地对配送响应时间的要求。在说明了建模的假设条件后,建立了考虑随机需求和时间约束的单源、p个中转点的配送系统随机模型。通过等价变换,将随机模型转化为确定性等价问题,从而方便了问题的求解。     

虚靖天师张继先诗主题初探

张继先的诗大体可以分为应酬赠答、宗教劝化、闲情览胜三类。这些诗集中体现了他的宗教思想,充分反映了他宗教领袖、宗教活动家的身份以及当时的社会状况。从一个侧面反映出宋代道教的特点。张诗尽管艺术成就不很突出,但对丰富宋诗内容不无补益。     

Detecting Careless Responding in Survey Data Using Stochastic Gradient Boosting

Careless responding is a bias in survey responses that disregards the actual item content, constituting a threat to the factor structure, reliability, and validity of psychological measurements. Different approaches have been proposed to detect aberrant responses such as probing questions that directly assess test-taking behavior (e.g., bogus items), auxiliary or paradata (e.g., response times), or data-driven statistical techniques (e.g., Mahalanobis distance). In the present study, gradient boosted trees, a state-of-the-art machine learning technique, are introduced to identify careless respondents. The performance of the approach was compared with established techniques previously described in the literature (e.g., statistical outlier methods, consistency analyses, and response pattern functions) using simulated data and empirical data from a web-based study, in which diligent versus careless response behavior was experimentally induced. In the simulation study, gradient boosting machines outperformed traditional detection mechanisms in flagging aberrant responses. However, this advantage did not transfer to the empirical study. In terms of precision, the results of both traditional and the novel detection mechanisms were unsatisfactory, although the latter incorporated response times as additional information. The comparison between the results of the simulation and the online study showed that responses in real-world settings seem to be much more erratic than can be expected from the simulation studies. We critically discuss the generalizability of currently available detection methods and provide an outlook on future research on the detection of aberrant response patterns in survey research.     

苏轼和陶诗浅论

大量和陶是中国文学史上的特殊现象。苏轼和陶,一是为了“陶写伊郁”,二是喜欢陶诗,三是崇尚陶渊明的为人。但是,苏轼学陶而不囿于陶,他的和陶诗凸显了一个经过了精神历险之人不屈、旷达的性格特点和自然平淡的诗风。和陶诗是我们研究苏轼晚年思想、生活经历、审美情趣的重要文史资料,是苏诗艺术风格转变的标志,它建立了一种异代对话的机制。     

Socially desirable responding in an environmental context: development of a domain specific scale

Numerous studies have pointed to a gap between the attitudes people express about the natural environment and their subsequent behaviors toward that environment. Variables identified within these studies include: how significant others view behaviors related to the attitudes; demographic variables such as sex, age or education; self‐perceived ability to do the attitude‐related behavior; attitude strength; and personal relevance of the attitude. This study proposes the concept of environmental desirability responding (EDR) as another factor which might contribute to the attitude‐behavior discrepancy. The development and construct validation of the Environmentally Desirable Response Scale (EDRS), which is designed to identify the existence and level of EDR, is described. The EDRS contains items designed to measure two types of socially desirable responding – ‘Self‐deception’ and ‘Image management’. A total of 1024 usable data sets were obtained from a sample of respondents in several countries (Japan, the US and Australia). Principal factors and correlation analyses revealed that the EDRS comprises three factors identified as ‘Self‐deception/Assertion of positives’, ‘Image management’ and ‘Self‐deception/Denial of negatives’. Cronbach alpha estimates of reliability for the three factors were .74, .66, and .61. Suggestions for further research regarding the scale and EDR are offered.     

二十世纪四十年代新文学家旧体诗复兴及其成因

二十世纪四十年代,新文学家创作发表了大量旧体诗.本文即对这一现象的成因进行探讨:首先是新诗与旧诗本身形式艺术上的差异;其次是当时的文学潮流和社会背景有关;再次,还与新旧诗所承担的社会功能上的差异有关,旧体诗的唱和、题画功能为新诗所不具备.因而,旧体诗在四十年代的兴盛可以看成是必然的存在.     

图书馆应建立突发事件的应急机制

图书馆作为人员密集、财产集中的公共场所,建立突发事件的应急机制,是提高公共服务质量的需要,是保障读者与员工生命安全的重要举措,是保护国家和集体财产安全的必要方略,图书馆应高度重视。以科学、严谨的态度,建立、健全各种防范和应对突发事件的应急机制,使每一个员工都能掌握图书馆内可能发生的各种突发事件的应对与处理技能,从而增强干部职工的危机管理意识和应急处置能力,做好突发事件的应对措施和善后工作。     

浅议当代大学毕业生的就业问题

分析了高等院校大学毕业生的就业形势和未来发展趋势,提出了影响大学生的就业的具体因素,指出大学生要转变就业观念,降低期望值;注重知识到技能的转换,把握机遇是职业抉择的关键。     

A Longitudinal Investigation of the Influence of Literacy-related Skills,Reading Self-perceptions,and Inattentive Behaviours on the Development of Literacy Learning Difficulties

Although recent research favours a bidirectional relationship between reading problems and inattentive behaviours, the risk factors that set in motion these reciprocally interacting relations remain unclear. One hundred and fifty-two new school entrants who took part in a seven-year longitudinal study of literacy development were assessed on literacy-related skills, reading self-perceptions, behaviour problems, and literacy achievement. Results revealed highly consistent and relatively robust reciprocal relationships between literacy achievement and both inattentive behaviours and reading self-perceptions, but not between inattentive behaviours and reading self-perceptions. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that early reading problems are predictive of both inattentive behaviours and poor reading self-perceptions which become established and predict further impairments in reading in a reciprocally interacting manner over time.     

排球运动中内隐学习效果的探讨

外显学习和内隐学习是学生在技能获得中的两种学习方法,他们相互协同,在一定条件下相互转化.本研究采用内隐学习和外显学习相结合的教学方法,探讨了排球扣球技术教学中利用内隐学习的教学效果.结果表明:在排球扣球技术中采用内隐学习和外显学习相结合的方法能够提高学生对技术要领掌握的清晰性;能够提高学生在应激条件下技术发挥的稳定性,提高扣球的成绩;能够提高学生对课堂的积极情绪,提高学生的主观幸福感.