对我国中小学体育教学模式的理论思考

着重对我国中小学体育教学模式进行理论探讨。提出了多视角、多样化、全方位的体育教学模式新格局,认为提高我国中小学体育教学整体水平的关键在于更新教育观念,建立一定的学说,确定“发展”的体育教学模式。     

Construction of query concepts based on feature clustering of documents

In Information Retrieval, since it is hard to identify users’ information needs, many approaches have been tried to solve this problem by expanding initial queries and reweighting the terms in the expanded queries using users’ relevance judgments. Although relevance feedback is most effective when relevance information about retrieved documents is provided by users, it is not always available. Another solution is to use correlated terms for query expansion. The main problem with this approach is how to construct the term-term correlations that can be used effectively to improve retrieval performance. In this study, we try to construct query concepts that denote users’ information needs from a document space, rather than to reformulate initial queries using the term correlations and/or users’ relevance feedback. To form query concepts, we extract features from each document, and then cluster the features into primitive concepts that are then used to form query concepts. Experiments are performed on the Associated Press (AP) dataset taken from the TREC collection. The experimental evaluation shows that our proposed framework called QCM (Query Concept Method) outperforms baseline probabilistic retrieval model on TREC retrieval.     

Maarif: transformation of a concept in the Ottoman Empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century

During the Ottoman period, ‘science (ilim, pl. ulûm)’, ‘knowledge (marifet, pl. maarif)’ and ‘technique (fen, pl. fünûn)’ emerged as three important concepts of knowledge. Maarif, which came into prominence with Selim III, began to undergo a semantic transformation together with the concepts of ulûm and fünûn and by the time of Mahmud II it had become an overarching concept representing the knowledge dimension of the new era. This article discusses the semantic transformation of maarif, focusing on the period between 1789 and 1839. This study applies the history of concepts approach developed by Reinhart Koselleck, whereby a synchronic analysis of the concept of maarif is undertaken alongside an examination of its diachronic dimension. This reveals an ambiguous and multi-dimensional structure and helps us to account for its evolution as an umbrella term.     

A sociology ‘of’ or a sociology ‘for’ education? The New Zealand experience of the dilemma

The sociology of education in New Zealand, as in other countries, is affected by the dilemma inherent to the discipline, namely: is it a sociology of education or a sociology for education? In this article I analyse three factors in which the dilemma is played out: ‘cultural oppositionism’ in the indigenous (kaupapa Maori) approach, critical policy research and the role of empirical research. I argue that a sociology for education is fundamentally weakened by its politicisation, a flaw not helped by the difficulties in drawing political goals from moral imperatives. In contrast a sociology of education, which uses the strengths of empirical research and theoretical analysis, offers the better hope of renewal for, what is, in New Zealand, a moribund discipline.     

What was out of the frame? A dialogic look at youth media production in a cultural diversity and educational context in Chile

This article accounts for an experience of digital storytelling workshops with indigenous adolescents in Chile, and proposes a theoretical and methodological approach to analyze digital creations with a dialogic and ethnographic point of view. Based on this, it discusses the possibilities of digital media production as a strategy for the self-expression of children and adolescents, particularly immersed in unequal and ethnically diverse educational contexts. The specific case of two Mapuche girls reveals complex ways of organizing and positioning their voices, where ‘girl power’ and ‘post-girl power’ discourses are relevant, but not so their ethnicity. The results show that television, with its main audiovisual genres, styles and stereotypes, appears clearly on the teenagers’ creations, while the absence of Mapuche signs along the creation process and also into the digital stories seems to be related with two important features of the Chilean educational system: ethnic inequalities and its fierce attachment to neoliberalism.     

无穷的魅力和些微的瑕斑——关于毛泽东诗词的再认识

到目前为止 ,对毛泽东诗词的研究存在着一个偏向和两个不足 ,一个偏向是尽为褒词 ,个个都“欲与天公试比高”。两个不足是对文本的具体而深入的分析十分不够 ,如《菩萨蛮·大柏地》在色彩之调动和构图之布局上的成就 ,数部主要析释著作 ,均未作艺术探赏 ;而作品的不足之处上述专著也只字未提。毛泽东诗词研究应在这些方面进行必要的补课。     

论邓小平的政治价值观

在社会主义建设的新时期 ,邓小平提出“社会主义现代化建设是当前最大的政治” ,把经济建设作为党和国家一切工作的中心 ,从解决中国社会的主要矛盾和社会现实中的大局这一根本问题出发阐明了政治的基本含义 ,并从三个层次提出了衡量政治搞得好坏的标准 ,丰富和发展了马克思主义的政治价值观。     

论西部人的思想观念及其成因

本文对比分析了西部人思想观念的主要表现以及形成的自然和历史的原因。提出了要富口袋先换脑袋的思想解放和观念更新的重要性。     

休闲体育概念辨析

为了明确休闲体育概念,采用文献资料、逻辑推理、演绎归纳等方法,系统分析休闲、休闲体育及其相近概念的研究现状及其内在联系,并结合对体育起源的探讨。认为休闲体育是指人们在可自由支配时间内,自主选择喜好的身体活动或观赏竞技体育表演为主要手段,以达到愉悦身心、完善自我而进行的一种社会活动。