制度作用下大学科研人员产学合作模式选择的扎根研究

通过对大学科研人员的深入访谈,运用扎根理论的研究方法,探索性地构建了对大学科研人员产学合作模式选择产生影响的直接制度和间接制度;研究发现,直接制度在大学科研人员的产学活动中发挥的效应为零,与直接制度相比,间接制度对大学科研人员产学活动的影响更为明显。结果表明政策制定者需要进一步疏通政策的传导机制,强化政策的执行力,进而提高大学科研人员产学合作的积极性。     

Application of Nominal Indirect Anaphora in English Teaching and Learning

This paper deals with the application of nominal indirect anaphora to unveil the essence of nominal indirect anaphora and disclose the magic power of cohesion and coherence inside it from the angle of cognitive linguistics.Thus we can apply the resolution mechanism for English teaching and learning for English learners.     

王夫之对孙子军事思想的继承与发展

王夫之以儒家思想为基础,借鉴吸收孙子军事思想,并对其加以继承发展。王夫之继承孙子"慎战"思想,对战争持审慎态度,认为要兴盛取胜,必须推行仁德,这才是兴国治军之根本。继承发展孙子"任势"思想,强调作战要因势制敌。继承发展孙子"五事"中"法"的思想,重视足食足兵,教兵备战。此外,王夫之还发展了孙子有关主、将、卒的作用和相互关系思想,重谋思想以及奇正思想。王夫之的军事思想是在吸收以孙子兵法为代表的优秀传统军事思想的基础上形成的,是我国传统军事思想的一个重要组成部分。     

影响我国专利无效程序质量控制作用的因素分析

以充分发挥我国专利无效宣告程序的专利质量事后控制作用为目的,采用系统分析、案例分析以及理论模型的方法研究了影响我国专利无效宣告程序效率的直接因素和间接因素,以及间接因素对直接因素的作用机制,并提出设置专利无效奖励措施、建立专利事务行业协会、规制歧视性许可、强化申请信息披露义务以及短期提高专利审查质量并在长期实时监控的政策性建议。     

税制结构对长江经济带专利产出的影响研究

开展税制结构影响专利产出的实证研究。选取长江经济带11个省、直辖市2010—2019年的面板数据,构建固定效应回归模型和门槛模型,探究直接税、间接税分别与长江经济带专利产出的关系,判别税制结构影响长江经济带创新发展的合理性。结果显示：现行税制结构不利于长江经济带专利产出水平的提升,直接税和间接税均与专利产出存在负向效应;税制结构对专利产出存在显著的人均地区生产总值的单一门槛效应,随着经济发展水平的提高,间接税、直接税对专利产出的效应均呈现逐渐减弱的趋势。因此,国家及地方政府应当继续深化结构性减税政策改革,降低纳税主体的税收负担;提高税收激励政策的普惠性、引导性和精准性;增强知识产权保护强度,建设科技创新人才队伍。     

Utilizing Service Learning in a College-Level Human Sexuality Course

Implementing service learning into college courses has been shown to have positive benefits for both students and community members; however, service learning has not been largely evaluated in the literature on human sexuality courses. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to design, implement, and evaluate a service learning project in a human sexuality class. Students who were enrolled in a human sexuality class designed and delivered two outreach presentations at their university as part of their service learning projects. The presentations were geared toward other college students with specific majors (i.e., future teachers and athletic coaches) and focused on areas related to child and youth sexuality. Overall, the service learning projects garnered positive support from both the students and the attendees at the presentations. Thus, results suggest that service learning is a useful pedagogical tool that college level instructors might consider implementing into their human sexuality courses.     

武当道教武术形成及其影响因素的探析

采用文献资料、专家咨询、实地考察等方法,对武当道教武术形成及其影响因素进行了深入系统的研究.研究结果表明:武当道教武术是在武当山这个特定区域内,由武当山地区远古猿人狩猎搏斗技能、冷兵器战争搏击技能所形成的武当山技击武术的生存需要,与武当道教宗教法式活动等的需要而产生、形成的一个受武当山社会环境影响、寓武当道教文化的一个武术派系.     

Supportive communication from bystanders of cyberbullying: indirect effects and interactions between source and message characteristics

Cyberbullying is an increasingly common experience that produces psychosocial consequences for targets. Interventions encouraging bystanders to support targets of cyberbullying are limited by a lack of focus on what to communicate. This study considers supportive messages that emphasize emotional comfort, attributions of responsibility, and beliefs that people can change as relevant to this context, and it examines how perceptions of messages differ based on whether support providers have or lack experience with cyberbullying. We extend research on the indirect effects model of supportive communication by randomly assigning participants (N?=?304), who self-identify as targets of cyberbullying, to message and source conditions and assessing their perceptions of messages, providers, and outcomes. Impressions of messages mediate their influence on outcomes, and the experiential similarity of support providers moderates these effects. Certain messages, notably those contending that bullies can change, are less effective when delivered by sources who lack experience with bullying.     

Biochemistry of Nitric Oxide

Nitric oxide (NO) a free radical having both cytoprotective as well as tumor promoting agent is formed from l-arginine by converting it to l-citrulline via nitric oxide synthase enzymes. The reaction product of nitric oxide with superoxide generates potent oxidizing agent, peroxynitrite which is the main mediator of tissue and cellular injury. Peroxynitrite is reactive towards many biomolecules which includes amino acids, nucleic acid bases; metal containing compounds, etc. NO metabolites may play a key role in mediating many of the genotoxic/carcinogenic effects as DNA damage, protein or lipid modification, etc. The basic reactions of nitric oxide can be divided as direct effect of the radical where it alone plays a role in either damaging or protecting the cell milieu and an indirect effect in which the byproducts of nitric oxide formed by convergence of two independent radical generating pathways play the role in biological reactions which mainly involve oxidative and nitrosative stress. Nitric oxide is also capable of directly interacting with mitochondria through inhibition of respiration or by permeability transition. Reaction of nitric oxide with metal ions include its direct interaction with the metals or with oxo complexes thereby reducing them to lower valent state. Excessive production of nitric oxide can be studied by inhibiting the synthetic pathway of nitric oxide using both selective or specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor or non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor with respect to isoforms of nitric oxide.     

英语生态环境习语的语用策略分析

英语习语是英语语言的精华,其中的生态环境习语描述了人类的生存环境,阐释了社会发展规律。语言形式的选择以语用策略的选择为基础,对英语生态环境习语的语用策略研究表明,英语地域气候习语主要运用了以言行事和间接言语行为的语用策略;英语动植物习语主要运用了礼貌的语用策略。对英语生态环境习语的语用策略的正确认知和准确运用,能帮助交际者在具体语境中恰当地运用英语习语,从而顺利地应对各种交际场合。