成渝城市群创新极化演进及动因分析

为了对我国城市群创新极化问题的演变过程及影响因素进行由表及里地梳理,以成渝城市群为研究区域,以其内部16个城市2010—2019年间的授权专利量为研究变量,分别运用自然断裂法、创新极化贡献度模型以及地理加权回归(GWR)模型对该区域的创新极化问题从现状及演变过程、各城市极化贡献度以及影响因素3个层面进行分析,得到区域创新节点的创新能力(产出)与其对整体创新极化贡献程度并非严格对等的结论。结果显示:成渝城市群总体创新产出明显提升但极化问题严重,有15座城市呈现出创新产出收敛、1座城市创新产出发散,创新极化贡献度的地理分布大致呈外围高、中间低的环状;5类影响创新产出的因子呈现较为稳定的空间分布,且峰值都出现在成都和重庆,其中政府支持、经济水平发挥了主导性作用,而流动性的影响则相对有限。在此基础上,对成渝城市群创新极化问题的解决尝试性地提出发挥核心城市引领作用、加快区域一体化发展,构建全面合作框架、建设内部创新资源数据库与分享平台等对策建议。     

关注学习差距，缩小两极分化--浅析农村中学数学学习两极分化的现象及对策

新课标要求教育要面向全体学生,实现人人学有价值的数学,人人获得必需的数学,不同的人在数学上得到不同的发展。教育要均衡发展,使学生都能接受平等的教育。这就要求学校和老师做到让每一位学生都得到共同的发展,学科成绩差异不大。由于种种原因,农村数学存在严重的两极分化,直接影响着大面积教学质量的提高,关系到新课改的顺利进行。如何有效地解决问题,探讨原因,提出解决方案与方法尤为重要。     

The effect of toxicity on COVID-19 news network formation in political subcommunities on Reddit: An affiliation network approach

Political polarization remains perhaps the “greatest barrier” to effective COVID-19 pandemic mitigation measures in the United States. Social media has been implicated in fueling this polarization. In this paper, we uncover the network of COVID-19 related news sources shared to 30 politically biased and 2 neutral subcommunities on Reddit. We find, using exponential random graph modeling, that news sources associated with highly toxic – “rude, disrespectful” – content are more likely to be shared across political subreddits. We also find homophily according to toxicity levels in the network of online news sources. Our findings suggest that news sources associated with high toxicity are rewarded with prominent positions in the resultant network. The toxicity in COVID-19 discussions may fuel political polarization by denigrating ideological opponents and politicizing responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, all to the detriment of mitigation measures. Public health practitioners should monitor toxicity in public online discussions to familiarize themselves with emerging political arguments that threaten adherence to public health crises management. We also recommend, based on our findings, that social media platforms algorithmically promote neutral and scientific news sources to reduce toxic discussion in subcommunities and encourage compliance with public health recommendations in the fight against COVID-19.     

牛磺酸对丙二醛诱导疲劳大鼠的保护作用

目的:研究丙二醛(MDA)诱导的运动性疲劳及牛磺酸(Tau)抗运动性疲劳作用及可能的机制。方法:60只SD大鼠分成对照组(C组)、生理盐水组(E组)、Tau组(T组)、MDA组(M组)及Tau喂食后再喂食MDA组(T+M组)和MDA喂食后再喂食Tau组(M+T组),测试各组大鼠7 d游泳力竭所经历时间变化,及LA和LDH活性,心肌和腓肠肌Ca2+-ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase活性的差异。结果:M组大鼠力竭时间缩短而T组大鼠力竭时间延长,T+M组大鼠力竭时间缩短而M+T组大鼠力竭时间又延长;T组大鼠LA降低而LDH活性升高,喂食MDA后则逆转了这一过程,M组大鼠LA升高而LDH活性降低,喂食Tau后也能拮抗这一过程;M组Ca2+-ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase活性活性降低而T组活性升高,M组大鼠喂食Tau及T组大鼠喂食MDA后可以逆转这一过程。结论:MDA可以直接诱导运动性疲劳而Tau能有效的抗MDA所诱导的疲劳过程。     

教育体制改革中的中国高等学校法律地位变迁

During the past twenty years, higher education institutions in China have gained enormous rights due to both the streamlining of administration and the decentralization of the government. Their legal status has hence changed dramatically. However, the expansion of their rights has also brought about the possibility of higher education institutions profiting by pursuing development. The influence of the market has begun to permeate higher education institutions, and this change has shown some characteristics of induced institutional changes. Accordingly, higher education institutions should be regulated from the perspective of public law, so as to ensure their public nature. __________ Translated by LI Yancheng from Beijing Shifan Daxue Xuebao (Shehui Kexue Ban) 北京师范大学学报 (社会科学版) (Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences)), 2007, (2): 5–16     

技术创新网络分裂断层对子群极化的影响研究——基于网络嵌入性视角

将分裂断层理论引入技术创新网络,能够为探索中观网络子群结构的动态过程提供重要依据。本研究以2000年至2012年我国电子信息产业联合申请专利为样本构建组织间技术创新网络,探索网络嵌入性视角下分裂断层对子群极化的影响机理。结果表明:嵌入于组织间的二元关系强度在不同成员对间分布不均匀时会使整体网络产生潜在的分裂断层,但分裂断层对子群极化并不存在显著的直接影响;当结构嵌入性水平和位置嵌入性水平较高时,分裂断层对子群极化的作用显著提升。说明潜在的分裂断层在没有被触发的情况下,可能保持休眠状态且不会产生直接影响,当一些关键机制触发分裂断层时,其作用得到显著加强。研究结论为解释网络中观子群结构形成与变化的微观机制提供了新的理论视角,对进一步研究技术创新网络的稳定性和知识共享具有重要的借鉴作用。     

Populist Twitter Posts in News Stories

Research in information processing suggests that the journalistic practice of embedding right-wing populist Twitter posts in news may stimulate political polarization. To test this notion, we conducted an online experiment (N?=?379). We investigated how highlighted right-wing populist statements affected individuals from different ideological stances and whether potential effects were determined by Twitter-specific characteristics (Twitter frame, profile picture). We exposed participants to two articles, each including a statement by a politician of the Austrian Freedom Party. In the first group, the statements were not highlighted (control group). In the second and third group, the statements appeared as conventional block quotes either without (G2) or with (G3) a picture of the politician. In the fourth and fifth group, the statements were highlighted as Twitter posts, again either without (G4) or with (G5) a picture of the politician. Results revealed that all highlighting conditions increased statement recognition among left-wing individuals. However, the full Twitter post condition exerted the strongest effect. Higher recognition then decreased left-wing individuals’ anti-immigrant attitudes and sympathy toward the right-wing populist candidate. Thus, embedding right-wing populists’ Twitter posts may induce disconfirmation bias among left-wing voters and trigger a process in which they strengthen their initial attitudes.     

三倍体无籽西瓜教学难点解析

在教学实践中发现,很多学生对三倍体无籽西瓜非常感兴趣,同时总是存在一些疑惑。本文针对教学中学生提出的疑问进行了分析和探讨。     

计算机测控光的偏振教学实验系统

针对传统偏振光与波片实验需人工调节偏振片和波片转角并记录数据,过程繁琐、数据量大、耗时过长的问题,开发出计算机测控的教学实验系统。以半导体固体激光器为光源,PC机通过USB接口和控制器驱动步进电机,带动中心有透光孔的精密电控旋转台按设定步距角转动。激光束与转台中心同轴,偏振片或波片同心安装在旋转台上同步旋转,透射光经过检偏器,由数字式光功率计检测通过各元件后光强的变化;信号经另一USB接口传输至PC机。计算机控制偏振片或波片旋转,同时自动采集对应转角的透射光强值并存储。实验结束后检测结果可通过数据文件导出,由学生在课后自行处理。新教学实验系统可完成1/4和1/2波片实验,验证马吕斯定律,能大幅度节省实验时间并提高精度。     

等离基元诱导透明的等效模型分析

电磁诱导透明现象因在慢光、光存储和非线性光学等领域的广泛应用,而成为当今科学研究的热点。因此利用人工电磁媒质实现的电磁诱导透明现象,即等离激元诱导透明,也引起了广泛的研究。文章论述了等离激元诱导透明的基本原理及研究现状,并重点分析了谐振子模型、电路模型以及耦合模理论三种等效模型,为进一步深入探究等离激元诱导透明提供了一定的理论研究基础。