Exercise promotes IL-6 release from legs in older men with minor response to unilateral immobilization

Physical inactivity is a major contributor to low-grade systemic inflammation. Most of the studies characterizing interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release from exercising legs have been done in young, healthy men, but studies on inactivity in older people are lacking. The impact of 14 days of one-leg immobilization (IM) on IL-6 and TNF-α release during exercise in comparison to the contralateral control (CON) leg was investigated. Fifteen healthy men (age 68.1?±?1.1?year (mean?±?SEM); BMI 27.0?±?0.4 kg·m²; VO₂max 33.3?±?1.6 ml·kg^?1·min^?1) performed 45?min of two-leg dynamic knee extensor exercise at 19.5?±?0.9 W. Arterial and femoral venous blood samples from the CON and the IM legs were collected every 15?min during exercise, and thigh blood flow was measured with ultrasound Doppler. Arterial plasma IL-6 concentration increased with exercise (rest vs. 45?min, main effect p?p?p?=?.085, effect size 0.28) higher in the IM leg compared to the CON leg (288 (95% CI: 213–373) vs. 220 (95% CI: 152–299) pg·min^?1, respectively). There was no release of TNF-α in either leg and arterial concentrations remained unchanged during exercise (p?>?.05). In conclusion, exercise induces more pronounced IL-6 secretion in healthy older men. Two weeks of unilateral immobilization on the other hand had only a minor influence on IL-6 release. Neither immobilization nor exercise had an effect on TNF-α release across the working legs in older men.     

Non-linear resistance training reduces inflammatory biomarkers in persons living with HIV: A randomized controlled trial

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of 12 weeks of non-linear resistance training (NLRT) on anthropometry, muscle strength and inflammatory biomarkers in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (PIHIV). Thirty previously sedentary PIHIVs were randomized into the NLRT (n?=?15) and control (CON, n?=?15) groups. NLRT group were submitted to 12 weeks of training, whereas the CON group maintained their daily habits. At baseline and after 12 weeks, both groups underwent anthropometric evaluations and blood sampling for the analysis of inflammatory biomarkers. Analysis of covariance using preintervention values as covariate was performed to determine the effects of exercise on anthropometry, muscle strength, cytokines levels and T cells. Significance was set at p?p?p p?=?.009), blood levels of interleukin (IL)-1β (p?=?.029), IL-6 (p?=?.005), IL-8 (p?=?.010), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (p?=?.001) and an increase in muscle strength (p?p?=?.030) and CD4⁺ (p?=?.004) and CD8⁺ (p?相似文献   

髓系来源的免疫抑制性细胞免疫调节作用的研究进展

髓系来源的免疫抑制性细胞(Myeloid-derived suppressor cells,MDSC)是一群异质性免疫细胞,在肿瘤发生发展、感染和炎症等疾病进程中扩增,能够明显抑制T细胞的免疫反应。MDSC在机体免疫调节中发挥了独特的作用。本文综述了MDSC的来源、功能和其作为潜在肿瘤免疫治疗靶点的意义。     

葛根素抗炎作用研究进展

葛根素是从葛根（Radix Pueraria）的根部提取的一种异黄酮.它具有改善血管循环、抗氧化应激、治疗骨质疏松以及降血糖等作用.研究表明葛根素对免疫细胞、炎症因子、信号通路以及炎症疾病都有重要的影响.文章着重对葛根素在抑制炎症方面的作用作一简要概述.     

Women in sports: the applicability of common national reference intervals for inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers (HemSter Study)

IntroductionIntensive physical activity causes functional and metabolic changes in the athlete’s organism. The study aimed to verify the common national available reference intervals (RIs) for common inflammatory and screening coagulation tests in a population of healthy young female athletes.Materials and methodsOne hundred and twenty-one female athletes (age range: 16–34), from various sports disciplines (water polo, handball, volleyball, football, basketball), were included in the study. All participants completed the international physical activity short-form questionnaire. Blood samples were collected between 8–10 am, after an overnight fast, before any physical activity. Reference intervals were determined according to Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute EP28-A3C Guidelines.ResultsCalculated RIs for white blood cell count (WBC), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ratio were in accordance with the common national RIs. Calculated RI for C-reactive protein (CRP) was lower (< 2.9 mg/L) than the proposed cut-off for a healthy population (< 5.0 mg/L). Reference interval for fibrinogen was higher (1.9–4.4 g/L), than the available RIs (1.8–3.5 g/L). D-dimer cut-off value was set at 852 µg/L fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU), higher than the proposed 500 µg/L FEU for venous thromboembolism (VTE) exclusion.ConclusionsThe applicability of the available RIs for WBC count, PT, and APTT-ratio was confirmed. However, RIs for CRP and fibrinogen differed significantly than the available common national RIs for the healthy non-athletes’ population. A higher cut-off for D-dimers should be extensively verified before implementation for VTE diagnosis exclusion in a group of healthy young female athletes.     

DOMS和离心收缩导致的肌肉损伤的关系

不习惯的离心运动均可导致延迟性肌肉酸痛（DOMS）。离心运动导致的损伤和炎症反应诱发了DOMS。然而，近来的研究不支持此假说，DOMS起因的观点受到质疑。就近来关于DOMS和肌肉损伤关系的相关文章作一综述并就其争议点提出见解。     

维生素E治疗运动性腰背肌肉筋膜炎的临床观察

维生素E能改善微循环和局部组织营养状况，参与组织细胞的氧代谢；运用维生素E治疗腰背肌肉筋膜炎患者，改善了肌肉组织细胞的氧代谢，有利于对损伤组织的修复，在临床上取得了满意的疗效。     

乳腺癌的免疫调节治疗(英文)简

Standard treatment options for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, such as adjuvant hormonal therapy and monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the recognition that chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor growth and survival during different stages of breast cancer development has led to the development of novel immunotherapies. Several immunotherapeutic strategies have been studied both preclinically and clinically and already have been shown to enhance the efficacy of conven- tional treatment modalities. Therefore, therapies targeting the immune system may represent a promising next-generation approach for the treatment of breast cancers. This review will discuss recent findings that elucidate the roles of suppressive immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the tumor-promoting microen- vironment, and the most current immunotherapeutic strategies in breast cancer.     

Effects of AM3 (Inmunoferon®) on increased serum concentrations of interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor receptors I and II in cyclists

Abstract

The aims of this study were to examine the changes in plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines induced by training and competition in professional cyclists. We report the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), tumour necrosis factor receptors I and II (TNFR-I and -II) in a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial involving the administration of AM3 (Inmunoferon®), an oral booster immunomodulator, or placebo to 16 professional cyclists (n=8 in each group) for 65 consecutive days. Serum was collected just before treatment began (baseline), at the end of pre-competition training, before the mountain stage of the competition (60 days), 4 h after finishing this stage (62 days), and 18 h after the fifth and last day of competition (65 days). To determine the normal levels of cytokines and soluble TNF receptors, individual samples from 14 moderately trained healthy controls were studied. After 60 days of training, the serum concentrations of IL-6 did not differ significantly from those at the beginning of the study for either group of cyclists (placebo and AM3). A significant rise was seen in IL-6 concentrations in both the AM3 and placebo groups at 62 days, 4 h after finishing the mountain stage. The increase was significantly greater in the placebo group than in the AM3 group. At 65 days of treatment, 18 h after the fifth and last day of competition, IL-6 concentrations were similar to those recorded at the end of the training, but were significantly higher in the placebo group than in the AM3 group. At the end of training, serum TNFR-I concentrations in both groups of cyclists were significantly lower than at baseline. The concentrations of serum TNFR-I and -II both 4 h after finishing the mountain stage and 18 h after the fifth and last day of competition were significantly higher than those recorded after training in both groups. Professional cycling competition is associated with increases in serum IL-6 and TNFR-I and -II concentrations. Inmunoferon treatment reduced significantly the concentrations of IL-6 but not those of TNFR-I and -II.     

林丹暴露诱导肝脏HepG2细胞的毒性效应研究

有机氯农药林丹具有高毒性、亲脂性、化学稳定性和生物富集性,曾被广泛应用于农业生产中。林丹严重威胁着生态环境和生物安全,体内富集后造成肝功能损伤,但其对肝脏的毒性效应尚不十分清楚。在本研究中,肝脏HepG2细胞经不同浓度林丹暴露处理24 h后,使用噻唑蓝（MTT）、2,7-二氯荧光素（DCF）和免疫荧光方法分别检测细胞活力、细胞内活性氧（ROS）和自噬生成;并用实时定量PCR和Western blot分别检测细胞IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β、TNF-α、NF-κB、Beclin1、ULK1 mRNA和P-p65、IL-1β、P62、LC3蛋白质的表达水平。结果表明,高浓度林丹暴露显著抑制HepG2细胞活力,升高细胞内的ROS和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）生成水平,降低过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性,并明显上调TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-8、NF-κB mRNA和P-p65、IL-1β、P62、LC3、NF-κB蛋白质表达水平。以上结果表明,林丹诱导肝脏HepG2细胞的氧化应激和自噬,并激活NF-κB信号通路引起细胞的炎症反应。