农村非正规金融:社会主义新农村建设的重要力量

在全面建设社会主义新农村背景下,农村金融制度的改革与发展显得尤为重要。在现阶段,社会主义新农村建设中存在着严重的金融抑制。从农村的实际情况出发,对农村非正规金融的现状进行分析,指出农村非正规金融提高了资金的运作效率,缓解了社会主义新农村建设中资金供求的矛盾,推动了多样化竞争格局的农村金融体系的形成,对社会主义新农村建设起到的重要作用。只有量体裁衣的发展农村非正规金融才能更好的为社会主义新农村建设服务。     

Is students’ energy literacy related to their university’s position in a sustainability ranking?

Abstract

University rankings are increasingly important internationally, and in the UK include a sustainability ‘Green League’. However, there is little evidence about experiences of studying in ‘sustainable universities’. We report an empirical study at five universities in varied positions in the Green League, exploring students’ energy literacy, environmental attitudes and perceptions of their institution’s energy-saving efforts. Although the link to energy literacy is not clear, findings suggest that there are significant differences between students’ environmental attitudes at universities placed at different points in the league. In addition, students at higher ranked universities are more positive about their university’s energy-saving efforts, suggesting that these institutions may exhibit more overt manifestations of sustainability. This is important since students report being more likely to choose energy-conservation behaviours if there is visible representation of energy use. The study is the first to attempt a comparison between universities at different positions in a sustainability ranking.     

On the determinants of employment-related organised education and informal learning

This paper analyses the distribution of employment-related organised education and informal learning in the Canadian workforce. The paper draws on a large-scale survey, the Changing Nature of Work and Lifelong Learning (WALL), which was based on structured and standardised telephone interviews with a representative sample of 5783 Canadian members of the employed labour force. In exploring the determinants facilitating employment-related informal learning, three analytical categories of factors derived from previous research on learning participation were used: individual-level factors, job characteristics and workplace environment. The analyses focus on differences in individuals, jobs and workplace characteristics among adult workers who acquired or improved their job-related skills through different training pathways. In addition, analyses were performed to compare the extent to which these factors differ in their influence on learning decisions among workers who combine both organised education and informal learning and those who receive only informal learning. The results indicate that important predictors of participation in employment-related organised education and informal learning are age, educational attainment, learning skills, occupational class, education-job relation, degree of autonomy, degree of labour intensity, principal area of production and organisation size.     

Creating value in ecosystems: Crossing the chasm between knowledge and business ecosystems

Policy makers take initiatives to stimulate knowledge ecosystems in technology hotspots. It is implicitly assumed that these ecosystems will lead to value networks through which the participating companies can realize a competitive advantage. Value networks refer to business ecosystems where the value proposition is offered by a group of companies which are mutually complementary. The strategy literature suggests that business ecosystems lead to competitive advantages for each of the partners in the ecosystem. Based on a unique hand-collected database of 138 innovative start-ups in the region of Flanders, we analyze the knowledge and business ecosystem and the financial support network. We find that the knowledge ecosystem is well structured and concentrated around a number of central actors while the business ecosystem is almost non-existent at the local level. Further, we find that the financial support network is almost 100% publicly backed and fails to bridge the knowledge and business ecosystem. The implications for policy makers who tend to focus on the development of local ecosystems are discussed.     

论网络环境下图书馆非正式群体管理

图书馆存在着非正式群体.其特性使得这种群体不易被组织所观察到,但这并不表明非正式群体不应该被组织所重视.本文分析了非正式群体形成的条件,阐述了其类型、特点及正面、负面影响.网络环境下图书馆重心逐渐向电子化、网络化和信息化服务转变,但在此基础上,并不能忽视推进图书馆现代化的最积极的因素--图书馆人员的管理.     

图书馆的非正式组织的成因分析及应对方针

文章运用组织管理学知识,对图书馆非正式组织现象进行了分析,重点描述了带有某种“政治色彩”的非正式组织的特点,并对这类非正式组织产生的原因进行了探讨,就解决这类非正式组织的问题提出了应对方针。     

中国近代公司制形成的经济学分析

从制度变迁的成本与收益、制度变迁的力量对比等角度分析了中国近代公司制为什么经过艰难的历程后最终会产生;从交易成本、激励机制、资本集中等角度分析中国近代公司制的制度功能;从产权结构、法律制度等正式制度及非正式制度的角度分析中国近代公司制不发达的根本原因,从而解决了过去没有解决的一些问题,为进一步研究中国近代公司制提供一定的参考。     

非正式制度与企业集群发展的研究述评

非正式制度是近年来企业集群研究中的一个重要视角,现有的文献形成了两条研究路径:其一,主要探讨非正式制度因素在企业集群发展过程中促进合作、降低交易费用的积极影响;其二,着重分析了非正式制度发挥作用的约束条件,讨论其局限性和在企业集群发展过程中的功能变化.本文对以上两个研究路径的文献进行了系统的比较和梳理,并在此基础上指出了未来相关研究的方向.     

侨乡泉州体育场地经济成分特征研究

采用文献资料调研、比较分析法等,依据第5次全国体育场地普查资料,在全面分析侨乡泉州体育场地总量、占地面积、建筑面积、场地面积、投资金额等基础上,就泉州及各县市区体育场地经济成分进行了比较研究。结果表明:集体经济成分比例较高,各种民间资本以单位自筹和社会捐赠形式存在于国有经济和集体经济体育场地之中是侨乡泉州体育场地经济成分的主要特征;区域经济模式、乡族观念、侨缘禀赋是侨乡泉州体育场地经济成分特殊性的“内源因子”;单位自筹是侨乡泉州体育场地建设资金的主要来源,社会捐赠是体育场地建设资金的重要补充,民营企业和华侨捐赠是社会捐赠的主渠道;集体经济成分体育场地经济和社会效益明显;经济水平、产业特色、地理位置、侨区分布等是影响侨乡泉州各县市区体育场地经济成分比重的主要因素。     

农村体育发展中非正式结构体育社团的作用及管理研究

农村客观存在的许多非正式结构体育社团对农村体育组织的管理产生着重大影响。本文采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法对农村非正式结构体育社团的特点、产生原因及作用进行分析,提出了多渠道了解信息、完善管理体制、组织各种合理的体育社团以及村领导积极参与等管理启示,旨在为农村管理者能够正确地认识农村非正式结构体育社团,调动一切积极因素为社会主义新农村体育的建设、管理提供参考。