Objects prompt authentic scientific activities among learners in a museum programme

Although the scientific disciplines conduct practical work in different ways, all consider practical work as the essential way of connecting objects and phenomena with ideas and the abstract. Accordingly, practical work is regarded as central to science education as well. We investigate a practical, object-based palaeontology programme at a natural history museum to identify how palaeontological objects prompt scientific activity among upper secondary school students. We first construct a theoretical framework based on an analysis of the programme’s palaeontological content. From this, we build our reference model, which considers the specimens used in the programme, possible palaeontological interpretations of these specimens, and the conditions inherent in the programme. We use the reference model to analyse the activities of programme participants, and illustrate how these activities are palaeontologically authentic. Finally, we discuss our findings, examining the mechanism by which the specimens prompt scientific activities. We also discuss our discipline-based approach, and how it allows us to positively identify participants’ activities as authentic. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings.     

Learning and engagement through natural history museums*

This review examines how natural history museums (NHMs) can enhance learning and engagement in science, particularly for school-age students. First, we describe the learning potential of informal science learning institutions in general, then we focus on NHMs. We review the possible benefits of interactions between schools and NHMs, and the potential for NHMs to teach about challenging issues such as evolution and climate change and to use digital technologies to augment more traditional artefacts. We conclude that NHMs can provide students with new knowledge and perspectives, with impacts that can last for years. Through visits and their on-line presence, NHMs can help students see science in ways that the school classroom rarely can, with opportunities to meet scientists, explore whole topic exhibitions, engage with interactive displays and employ digital technologies both in situ and to support learning in the school science classroom. Although these interactions have the potential to foster positive cognitive, affective and social outcomes for students, there is a lack of reliable measures of the impact of NHM experiences for students. Opportunities to foster relationships between NHM staff and teachers through professional development can help articulate shared goals to support students’ learning and engagement.     

中介机构代理政府采购存在的问题及解决对策

按照《政府采购法》关于政府采购中管理职能与执行职能分离的要求，各部门、各地区在实施政府采购活动中大规模地将政府采购的执行职能委托给社会中介机构，在实践中显示了中介机构在代理政府采购活动中不可替代的作用，但同时也暴露出一些值得注意的问题。本文就这些问题进行了分析，提出目前政府采购中应从慎重选择中介机构入手，加强对中介机构的监督，使政府采购活动走向健康发展的轨道。     

Internationalisation in practice in Australian independent secondary schools: a global-local nexus?

The phenomenon of internationalisation of education in the twenty-first century has developed more rapidly and has been the subject of more research in higher education than in the schooling sector. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the perspectives of school leaders, teachers and students about ‘internationalisation in practice’ in two case-study Australian independent secondary schools that adopted different approaches to internationalisation. Theoretical lenses of both interpretivism and critical theory were used to guide the research at different stages. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Findings indicate that whilst globalisation is having a powerful impact on schools, local contextual factors such as school ethos, school resources, teacher values and parent demographics and expectations play a significant part in shaping how schools engage with internationalisation. Wider implications for equity, teacher education and further research and theory development are also discussed.     

高校后勤社会化之我见

文章阐述作者对我国高校后勤社会化的概念，意义，形式的新见解，并提出实施后勤社会化应注意的问题。     

会计标准非正式执行机制研究

本文主要通过基本的博弈理论对会计标准执行机制进行研究,表明正式执行机制存在局限性,进而提出需要强化两种非正式执行机制,一是道德机制,二是声誉机制.有效的会计标准非正式执行机制应是道德机制和声誉机制良好结合的结果.最后提出我国建设会计标准非正式执行机制的主要对策.     

计算机引导型病毒的防治初探

本文着重介绍计算机引导型病毒,从病毒的工作原理出发,介绍了病毒的几种检测、消除及免疫的方法.     

简论新随笔创作特征

随笔作为一种独特的体，正呈现方兴未艾之势，简要分析了新随笔繁荣的原因，结合新随笔作品着重从题材分类、艺术风格、审美特征及思想内涵等方面，对新随笔的创作特征进行探索性论述。     

非正规金融与金融中介、金融市场研究述评

非正规金融已成为理论界和实际部门广泛关注的研究领域。本文在对非正规金融的一般属性进行分析的基础上,聚焦于非正规金融对正规金融中介和正规金融市场的影响以及作用,对相关文献进行综述,并对非正规金融的治理问题进行探讨。     

旅行社部门承包经营试析

通过对我国现阶段旅行社部门承包现状的分析，划清了国有旅行社经营权的出让与转让的界限，阐述了旅行社部门承包经营的成因及其危害性，提出以疏为主，疏、堵结合的对策。