The FIFA 11 programme reduces the costs associated with ankle and hamstring injuries in amateur Spanish football players: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the “Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11” injury prevention programme for ankle and hamstring injuries. This retrospective cohort study included eighty-four male amateur football players aged 18–40 years. The exposed group performed the FIFA 11 protocol twice a week throughout the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 seasons; the unexposed group performed the usual training during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 seasons. Lateral ankle ligament and hamstring injuries were recorded over the whole study period. We compared the mean costs associated with lateral ankle ligament and hamstring injuries in the two groups. The mean cost per player and lateral ankle injury was EUR 928 in the unexposed group versus EUR 647 in the exposed group (p?=?0.19). The mean cost of hamstring injury per player was EUR 1271 in the unexposed group versus EUR 742 in the exposed group (p?=?0.028). The mean total cost per player was EUR 2199 in the unexposed group versus EUR 1273 in the exposed group (p?=?0.008). We concluded that the use of the FIFA 11 injury prevention programme reduced both the direct and indirect costs associated with lateral ankle ligament and hamstring injuries.     

Golf science research at the beginning of the twenty-first century

Abstract

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, there are 30,000 golf courses and 55 million people who play golf worldwide. In the USA alone, the value of golf club memberships sold in the 1990s was US$3.2 billion. Underpinning this significant human activity is a wide variety of people researching and applying science to sustain and develop the game. The 11 golf science disciplines recognized by the World Scientific Congress of Golf have reported 311 papers at four world congresses since 1990. Additionally, scientific papers have been published in discipline-specific peer-reviewed journals, research has been sponsored by the two governing bodies of golf, the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews and the United States Golf Association, and confidential research is undertaken by commercial companies, especially equipment manufacturers. This paper reviews much of this human endeavour and points the way forward for future research into golf.     

Variability and Sampling Inspection in the NOCSAE Standards for Football Helmets

Abstract

Because of increasing numbers of serious sports-related injuries at all levels of participation, the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) was formed. Among their activities aimed at improving the safety of sports participation was the development of standards for impact resistance in both new and refinished football helmets. These standards include not only recommendations as to safe levels of resistance to impact but recommendations as to the number of helmets to be tested from each group of helmets undergoing a refinishing process.

In this study the various sources of variability in the testing procedure are examined. These sources include helmet-to-helmet variability, testing variability, and basic measurement error. A careful examination of this variability in the context of the NOCSAE-recommended testing procedures for recertifying helmets reveals an inadequacy in the NOCSAE standard, in that the probability of returning unsafe helmets to the playing field is unacceptably high.     

辽宁省古典式摔跤运动员运动损伤调查分析

采用文献资料法、专家谈访法、问卷调查法、观察法和数理统计法等,对辽宁省古典式摔跤队42名运动员的损伤情况进行调查分析,从易发部位、常见损伤及损伤原因等方面探讨运动员运动损伤对训练水平的影响,并提出预防和减少运动损伤的建议,为古典式摔跤运动员更好的训练提供参考。     

Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer: Loading mechanisms,risk factors,and prevention programs

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in soccer. Understanding ACL loading mechanisms and risk factors for ACL injury is critical for designing effective prevention programs. The purpose of this review is to summarize the relevant literature on ACL loading mechanisms, ACL injury risk factors, and current ACL injury prevention programs for soccer players. Literature has shown that tibial anterior translation due to shear force at the proximal end of tibia is the primary ACL loading mechanism. No evidence has been found showing that knee valgus moment is the primary ACL loading mechanism. ACL loading mechanisms are largely ignored in previous studies on risk factors for ACL injury. Identified risk factors have little connections to ACL loading mechanisms. The results of studies on ACL injury prevention programs for soccer players are inconsistent. Current ACL injury prevention programs for soccer players are clinically ineffective due to low compliance. Future studies are urgently needed to identify risk factors for ACL injury in soccer that are connected to ACL loading mechanisms and have cause-and-effect relationships with injury rate, and to develop new prevention programs to improve compliance.     

篮球教学中产生损伤的原因及预防

本文采用文献资料和问卷调查及走访谈话的方法,对学院的学生在篮球课程教学中运动损伤产生的部位、原因进行调查分析。提出相应的预防对策,认真做好准备活动、增强自我保护意识、合理的负荷安排、建立与练习负荷相适应的恢复手段,期望能最大限度地减少损伤,并进一步提高学生对篮球的兴趣及学习效果。     

Impulsive force on the head during performance of typical ukemi techniques following different judo throws

In this study, eight judo athletes who are major candidates for the Japan national team were recruited as participants. Kinematic analysis of exemplary ukemi techniques was carried out using two throws, o-soto-gari, a throw linked to frequent injury, and o-uchi-gari. The aim of this study was to kinematically quantify the timing patterns of exemplary ukemi techniques and to obtain kinematic information of the head, in a sequence of ukemi from the onset of the throw to the completion of ukemi. The results indicated that the vertical velocity with which the uke’s head decelerated was reduced by increasing the body surface exposed to the collision with the tatami and by increasing the elapsed time. In particular, overall upper limb contact with the tatami is greatly associated with deceleration. In o-soto-gari, the impulsive force on the faller’s head as the head reached the lowest point was 204.82 ± 19.95 kg m · s^–2 while in o-uchi-gari it was 118.46 ± 63.62 kg m · s^–2, z = ?1.75, P = 0.08, and it did present a large-sized effect with r = 0.78. These findings indicate that the exemplary o-soto-gari as compared to o-uchi-gari is the technique that causes more significant damage to the uke’s head.     

运动损伤原因探析——基于国外相关文献的述评

运动蕴含损伤风险。身体内在危险因素(如性别、年龄、身体成分)、外在危险因素(如鞋地摩擦系数)和刺激事件共同影响着运动损伤的发生和程度,而其中的刺激事件成为促成损伤的关键一环。描述刺激事件时,损伤发生时生物力学特征的描述是重要的,但同时也应包括损伤发生时的运动情形和运动者(包括对手)的特征、行为,所有这些特征对于提出损伤预防措施可能是关键的。     

国家男排主力队员特征性伤病原因及防治对策

科学系统训练可以减少运动员伤病影响,是确保竞技成绩持续提高的关键因素之一。文章采用文献资料法和数理统计法对导致中国男排主力队员特征性伤病的原因进行了分析和讨论,结果表明,国家男排主力队员特征性伤病的出现与专位训练负荷、训练性因素和周期性因素密切相关。现有排球运动训练体系中应逐步实现技术训练与身体训练的有机平衡,增加功能性训练以预防并减少疲劳性损伤和急性损伤。     

浅谈中小学体育安全事故原因及保障策略

随着国家对学生体质健康的关注,学校体育工作越来越被重视。然而,学校体育安全事故的发生,严重制约了学校体育工作的发展,进而影响了学生的健康水平。本文通过对产生体育伤害事故原因以及产生影响的分析,提出建立和完善培训、安全制度、体育活动时安全事故的防范、出现安全事故的处理等,学校体育安全的保障策略,减少和避免体育安全事故的发生,促进学校体育工作健康有序地开展,从而使学生的体质健康水平有效提高。