从活动理论看网络合作学习活动的设计

兴起于20世纪20年代的活动理论是理解和构建情境脉络中活动的有益框架,分析活动理论对设计网络环境下的合作学习活动具有现实指导意义。在对网络合作学习的内涵、特点及优势分析的基础上,提出在活动理论指导下,基于网络的合作学习活动的教学设计方法。     

高师院校生物学探究性实验的教学

结合基础教育的课程改革对探究性学习的要求,就师范院校生物学实验教学中的探究性实验的教学设计进行讨论,并介绍进行探究性实验教学的实践经验和体会。     

组织中的学习战略演化及其案例研究

经济的全球化、商业环境的剧烈变化促使组织采取相应的学习战略来提高自身的学习能力。由于商业环境的不同、组织自身的条件各异，组织采取的学习战略会各不相同。文章讨论了一个组织内学习战略演化的三阶段模型，这三个阶段是：职工开发、逼近的商业需要、未知的商业开发。然后，对Motorola大学在公司内战略地位的变化历程进行了剖析。最后得出了一些有借鉴意义的经验和结论。     

Cardioprotective activity of synthetic guggulsterone (E and Z-isomers) in isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia in rats: A comparative study

Guggulsterone, a mixture of cis (E) and trans (Z) isomers (7∶3 w/w) was synthesized from 16-DPA. The isomers were separated by column chromatography and evaluated for cardioprotective and antioxidant activities. Myocardial necrosis induced by isoproterenol in rats caused marked increase in serum creatine phosphokinase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase. Simultaneously in ischemic heart, phospholipase, xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxides were enhanced following depletion of glycogen, phospholipids and cholesterol. Treatment with guggulsterone and its both isomers at the dose of 50 mg/kg po., significantly protected cardiac damage as assessed by the reversal of blood and heart biochemical parameters in ischemic rats. The cardioprotective activity of guggulsterone and of both the isomers were compared with that of gemfibrozil at the same doses. Guggulsterone and both the isomers at tested concentrations (5–20mM) inhibited oxidative degradation of lipids in human low-density lipoprotein and rat liver microsomes induced by metal ionsin vitro. The drug counteracted against the generation of superoxide anions (O₂) and hydroxyl radicals (OH⁻) in non-enzymic test systems. It is suggested that cardioprotective and antioxidant activities of synthetic guggulsterone and guggulsterone obtained from gum resinCommiphora mukul that contains isomers E & Z in the ratio of 46∶54w/w are the same.     

不同品系小鼠自发活动特点及中枢抑制药新评价模型

目的用开场实验研究NIH、ICR、昆明种小鼠自发活动特点,并以戊巴比妥为工具药建立药物中枢抑制作用新的评价模型.方法用开场实验观察小鼠进入新环境的自发活动特点,并用计算机图像处理系统记录,分析小鼠30 min内的活动轨迹,观察不同时间段的总路程、中央逗留时间、中央路程3个参数.还观察了腹腔注射不同剂量戊巴比妥对自发活动特点的影响.结果各种小鼠总路程在前10 min明显大于后20 min (P < 0.001) ;中央逗留时间和中央路程变化较小,但存在一定的品系和昼夜差异.戊巴比妥可减少ICR和NIH小鼠(昆明种小鼠无效)的总路程,但无典型的量效关系;但可剂量依赖性减少各种小鼠中央逗留时间和中央路程(P < 0.01).结论本实验建立的方法能反映小鼠自发活动特点,并可用于评价中枢抑制药作用,其中中央逗留时间和中央路程是稳定、敏感的指标.     

在实践性阅读教学活动中让学生“活”“动”起来

新课标强调了语文实践的重要性,而实践性阅读教学活动把本来单调、枯燥、乏味的语文知识传授用生动有趣的教学形式组织起来,使学生乐学、会学,活学活用,达到寓教于乐,寓学于用的目的,让学生真正成为了学习的主人。同时,也使教师真正成为了学习的组织者和引导者。实践性语文阅读教学活动要注重活动的情趣性、自主性、整合性,使学生在课堂学习中"活"、"动"了起来,从而促进学生主动、生动、活泼地发展。     

贫困农村儿童课外信息获得现状及价值分析——以永州市为例

农村儿童是农村社会的未来中坚.他们是否得到良好教育,将会对社会稳定、经济发展和道德进步产生重要影响.从调查的结果来看,贫困农村儿童课外信息获得既具有"激发学习兴趣"、"去蔽"、"榜样"等积极价值影响,也有"影响身体健康"、"不良媒介文化教养"、"产生挫败感"等消极价值影响.     

Mathematical biography and key rhetoric

The intention of this article is to consider the use of narrative and rhetorical inquiry as research methods. I construct a mathematical biography of one elementary teacher trainee, Sirpa, who had performed well in her advanced mathematics course in upper secondary school. I describe her development as a mathematics teacher during teacher education from her second-year methods course and teaching practice to fourth-year teaching practice. Narrative inquiry is more than a case study: Sirpa’s mathematical biography is a story that describes how she constructs her mathematical identity. I also analysed the key rhetoric that Sirpa used in her talk, key rhetoric here referring to the strategy by which she constructed continuity and coherence.     

对课程叙事研究特点的解读

课程叙事研究是研究者以讲故事的形式述说自己或别人经历过的课程事件并诠释其中的意义。它关注真实、复杂课程情境中的特定问题,重视课程事件的丰富性、形象性、复杂性和多样性,因此以质的研究为方法论。课程叙事研究所揭示的意义是研究者通过对自己的课程生活实践仔细的审视、分析而得出的,审视和分析的过程即反思的过程。     

“普方古字音对照查询系统”的设计与实现

方言的调查研究应该充分利用计算机技术。＂普方古字音对照查询系统＂以《古今字音对照手册》所录汉字为基准,建立了ACCESS数据库,并利用ASP语言设计了查询界面和查询结果显示界面。利用本系统,可以选择拼音、汉字、反切、韵摄、等呼、古声、古韵、古调、方声、方韵、方调、普声、普韵、普调等参数,通过网络进行任意或组合查询,使普、方、古之间的对比研究变得更加便捷、高效。