跨区域治理的制度困境与突破策略：公共管理的视角

跨区域治理作为我国解决区域问题和实现区域协同发展的重要策略,在实施过程中却面临着参与主体积极性不高、协作领域和范围有限、治理绩效不佳以及协作形式化等问题。跨区域治理作为一种制度变迁范式和制度创新实践,其制度困境表现为利益均衡、权力共享、信任建构、责任追究、治理有限和治理正当六个方面。当前,突破跨区域治理的制度困境,必须从治理理念、治理结构、治理能力、治理机制和治理工具等多个方面共同推进。     

涉检信访类型化终结机制研究

人民检察院是法律监督机关,面临的信访案件呈现复杂多样、处理难度大的特点。涉检信访终结机制应采取分类终结模式,对司法性的涉检信访,采取司法化模式,对于行政性的涉检信访,采取三级终结形式,对国家赔偿类涉检信访,采取报告备案方式。同时,建立相应的保障协调机制,确保信访者权利能够得到实现、终结涉检信访案件有效退出。     

Learning outcomes across disciplinary divides and contrasting national higher education traditions

In many quarters, attempts are underway to identify learning outcomes in higher education which are context-neutral or ‘generic’; such measures could provide new ways to assess and compare outputs from higher education. This paper considers potential challenges in using such broad learning outcomes across contrasting disciplinary and national settings. An empirical contribution is provided by an analysis of data from the international REFLEX survey for Norwegian and English bachelor’s degree graduates. This sheds some light on the relationships between graduates’ broad learning outcomes (general competencies), their national contexts and their disciplinary area. It finds variations in competencies across subjects and countries, suggesting that general competencies of the type often suggested as generic learning outcomes may be unstable and problematic to compare across contrasting settings. It highlights the need for comparative research into variations in learning outcomes and graduate competencies considering disciplinary and national factors.     

Disciplinary representation on institutional websites: changing knowledge,changing power?

This paper analyses shifts in the representation of history and physics as named organisational units on Australian university websites over the last 15 years in the context of broader questions about the production of knowledge in contemporary times. It derives from a broader project concerned with disciplinarity, changing university contexts and emerging conceptions of teaching and research. The paper points to a significant reduction in the number of departments and departmental webpages dedicated solely to those disciplines and the greater obscurity of disciplinary knowledge on the websites as a result. It suggests these findings are one symbolic sign of some changes in progress in universities, including a reduced strength of disciplinary voice in broader university management, some shift away from disciplines as the key reference points for knowledge production and some de-centring of their traditional strength in the academic labour market. The study also points to the methodological challenges of working with online sources of evidence.     

高校合并的内在逻辑机制分析

在中国高等教育发展过程中出现过两次较大规模的院校合并,这种现象是特定历史时代的产物。高校合并从宏观到微观上都对高校的发展带来了影响,如规模扩张、体制改革、学科融合、学生事务管理等。文章从组织社会学视角对高校合并现象进行分析,认为大学合并是受组织的效率机制、制度环境和高校的社会网络关系的协同影响导致的。     

我国货币流通速度的影响因素研究综述

货币流通速度是货币经济学的重要概念,是连接货币供给和实体经济的重要指标,它反映出货币流通状况和经济运行质量的好坏,其稳定性和可预测性直接关系到货币政策中介目标的选择。我国自1978年以来,货币流通速度大幅下降,给我国货币政策的实施带来了难度。目前导致我国货币流通速度变动的因素较多,本文对此梳理总结,以找出进一步研究的方向。     

大学治理改革的“内卷化”及其规避

由于缺乏强有力的外部制约与激励的制度安排,内部也没有形成制度创新的内生机制,当前我国大学治理改革陷入了"内卷化"的困境。这主要表现为大学治理改革基本上是对原有治理结构的复制、延伸和精致化,结果导致当前大学的压力越来越大,但效率并不高。规避大学治理改革的"内卷化"需要从三方面着手:一是国家推动现代大学制度的强制性创设;二是形塑"国家—大学—社会"动态均衡的治理结构,构建国家、大学与社会之间的制度化合作治理机制;三是培育现代大学文化,为深化大学治理结构改革提供内源性的支撑。     

论新中国高校思想政治教育政策的路径依赖与制度创新

新中国成立以来,高校思想政治教育政策的路径依赖现象禁锢了人们创新高校思想政治教育的思维空间,降低了高校思想政治教育的影响力。根据历史制度主义理论,高校思想政治教育政策路径依赖的深层原因在于制度。因此,实现制度创新才能突破路径依赖现象,推动高校思想政治教育走出困境。     

Using mobile peer mentors for student engagement: Student Rovers in the Learning Commons

This paper presents findings from a 2010 evaluation of Victoria University's Student Rover program, an on-campus work-based learning program in which mobile student mentors are employed and deployed within the university's Learning Commons to provide ‘just-in-time’ and ‘just-in-place’ learning support to other students. Student Rovers are paid not to perform a quasi-staff role, but to be students who help other students learn and, in this process, to model both learning to learn and collaborative learning behaviours. Drawing on specific findings from a large-scale student survey, a small-scale staff survey and focus groups conducted with Student Rovers themselves relating to perceptions of the socio-institutional status of Student Rovers, the paper is concerned with exploring the anomalous nature of the Student Rover role and speculating as to the potential for change inherent within this situation. Reworking Billett's conceptualisation of co-participatory workplace practices, we propose that by framing the work of Student Rovers as ‘learningful’ workers operating within the liminal institutional contact zone between staff and students, the program may prove to be not simply a successful strategy for helping new students engage in campus life – while simultaneously preparing Student Rovers themselves for negotiating contemporary organisational circumstances of change, complexity and contingency – but also a precursor to an emergent, institutionally recognised, educational role of students paid to support the learning of other students.     

我国大气污染防治制度的失灵及其解决对策——以诺斯的制度变迁理论为分析框架

从综合性视角进行考察,目前我国大气污染日益严重的关键原因是大气污染防治制度的整体失灵,表现为正式规则低效、实施机制孱弱及非正式约束缺失。大气污染防治制度摆脱失灵困境的唯一途径是制度变迁。我国应采用诱致性制度变迁与强制性制度变迁相结合的路径,借鉴他国的制度选择,构建出有效的制度变迁方案,包括培育非正式约束、完善正式规则及强化实施机制。