Low-achieving (learning disabled) pupils in year 2 of the primary school in Hungary

We selected 60 low-achieving children from a sample of 263 pupils in Year 2 of the primary school in order to analyse the problems of learning disabilities. We explored two questions: whether teachers evaluate the pupils' school performances correctly; and what kind of relationship exists between the low-achieving pupils' cognitive abilities and their school performance. Methods used were questionnaires, pedagogical tests and traditional psychological tests. We obtained the following results: the teachers generally evaluate the pupils' school performance fairly well, but they are inclined to assume a close correlation between the achievements in different subjects, and the teachers' knowledge of the low-achieving children is more reliable regarding the group of pupils as a whole rather than each pupil individually; and the low-achieving pupils' cognitive learning abilities prove to be significantly weaker than their general intellectual abilities.     

Universities and government‐sponsored contract research: an Australian case study

Based on interviews, this article provides a case study of the experiences of academic staff at one Australian regional university in undertaking contract research projects sponsored by government departments and agencies. Academics from a surprisingly diverse range of disciplines are attracted to government‐sponsored research for a variety of reasons but particularly important is the financial support provided for research projects and postgraduate research students. Projects vary in scale, amounts of funding involved and purposes, with research activities covering a wide range of different activities including collection and analysis of data, provision of documentation on good practice, design of implementation strategies, evaluations, organisational reviews and policy recommendations. Overall, respondents are highly positive about their experiences, despite problems such as delays in payment of funds, inappropriately restricted timelines, frequent changes in senior agency personnel, unrealistic expectations, and restrictions in the use of data and publication of results. While many academics from different disciplines provide policy recommendations and carry out evaluative studies, few are well informed about the extent to which their work is actually utilised.     

Inter‐firm Migration of Tacit Knowledge: Law and Policy1

Abstract

Much knowledge is diffused by the exchange of property rights in intangibles. But tacit knowledge, not being subject to property rights, is instead diffused by migration of knowledgeable individuals between firms. The law impacts significantly on this diffusion mechanism, in particular those rules that determine the use individuals may make of their tacit knowledge after migration to a different firm. The general principle underlying the relevant law is that individuals are free to migrate with all their tacit knowledge. Nonetheless there are some narrow exceptions to this principle. That these exceptions remain narrow and carefully policed by the courts is important because imposing too many restraints on use of tacit knowledge post‐term would have a negative impact on real innovation.     

姚鼐辞官原因新探

姚鼐辞官是其一生中经历的一次重大事件.关于他辞官的真正原因,历来众说纷纭.联系到姚鼐辞官前后的学术思想、言行以及在诗文作品中流露的心迹,可以认为,姚鼐辞官的主要原因是鉴于当时学术界和文坛的实际状况,决心自立门派,振兴古文,弘扬程朱理学.     

基于信息资源共享的知识产权保护研究

文章介绍了知识产权和知识产权制度，阐释了知识产权保护对信息资源共享的意义，最后提出了加强知识产权保护以促进信息资源共享的三种取径。     

数字图书馆建设中面临的知识产权问题及对策

数字图书馆面临着信息资源采集、信息资源数字化、信息资源传播等过程中的知识产权问题。加强知识产权保护应完善数字环境下的知识产权保护法、建设具有自主知识产权的数字图书馆、建立知识产权集体管理机构以及采取必要的技术措施。     

数字图书馆知识产权研究进展述评

综述了近年来有关数字图书馆知识产权诉讼、理论研究、实务研究和项目研究的进展，并在此基础上分析目前研究的不足和相关的对策。     

论"戏仿"作品的知识产权保护——以《一个馒头引发的血案》为视角

文章以网络视频短片《一个馒头引发的血案》为视角,分析了戏仿作品的构成要件以及网络视频《一个馒头引发的血案》的合理性,借鉴了国外法律的相关规定,对戏仿作品的知识产权保护提出一些立法思考和建议。     

计算机软件的知识产权保护及其社会成本

随着计算机产业的不断发展 ,软件盗版问题变得更加突出 ,如何对计算机软件进行知识产权保护的问题已引起全社会的广泛关注。同时 ,软件的知识产权保护也会带来一定的社会成本。本文主要介绍计算机软件保护的综合法律体系 ,并分析了知识产权保护的成本收益与社会成本 ,提出了一些构想和建议