风险导向的商业银行内部控制模式研究

在我国商业银行经营管理中,内部控制失效产生金融风险具有普遍性。为探索降低商业银行风险的有效途径,在分析国内外商业银行风险现状和内部控制低效的基础上,从我国商业银行的实际情况出发,借鉴国外的先进经验,根据COSO报告和ERM的要求,构建了防范商业银行风险的内部控制动态系统,对商业银行从完善内部控制方面降低金融风险进行了有益的探讨。     

认知视角下的动机理论对外语学习的启示

动机是影响外语学习非常重要的情感因素之一。本文从认知的角度分析影响外语学习的动机因素,探讨认知的动机理论给外语学习带来的启示,并提出相应的对策。     

影响学生英语学习动机的教师言语亲近行为研究——对宁波某高职英语教师Jane的个案研究

在二语学习的课堂中,有效的师生沟通有助于建立更亲近的师生关系,更有效地促进学生参与学习活动。本研究旨在从教师和学生两个角度调查教师主要的言语亲近行为以及这些行为如何对高职学生英语学习动机和学习成绩产生作用。在此基础上,本文提出了教师应该如何改进自己的行为以助于提高学生英语学习动机的建议。     

团体心理辅导在专业调剂生学习动机干预中的作用

目的探讨团体心理辅导对专业调剂生学习动机的干预效果。方法设置实验组、对照组大一专业调剂生各25名,对实验组进行8次为期8周的团体心理辅导,干预前后分别评估各组专业调剂生学习动机的2个维度。结果接受团体辅导后,实验组在后测中学习动机两个维度的分数显著高于前测,对照组在学习动机前后测的分数上没有显著差异。实验组、对照组后测分数上存在显著差异。结论团体心理辅导能有效提高专业调剂生的学习动机。     

大学生恋爱动机问卷的初步编制

运用文献法、开放式问卷和访谈法设计问卷,多次施测修改问卷,采用相关分析、探索性分析和验证性分析对问卷的信、效度进行检验。结果表明,大学生恋爱动机问卷包括功利性、面子性、性爱性、情感性、消遣性和婚姻性六个维度,累计贡献率57.459%,共27项;问卷的信度和效度均符合心理测量学的要求,可作为测评大学生恋爱动机的工具。     

产品装配线自动化改造的动机分析及风险预估——以某汽车配件厂装配线改造项目为例

以某一汽车配件厂的自动化装配线改造项目为例,分析了目前制造型工厂推进产品装配线自动化改造的动机主要有产品质量的控制、"机器换人"战略的实施、生产效率的提升以及人力成本的减少等几大因素。其中,最主要的动机为产品质量的控制与"机器换人"战略的实施。在自动化改造项目的实施中,分析得出此类自动化改造项目可能存在的风险主要有短期效益的未知性风险、自动装配线的适应性风险以及后期维护保养的不确定性风险。     

学分制管理模式对学生学习动机行为的影响

学分制的实施,为高校管理体制注入了新的活力和生机。在实行学分制模式的趋势下学生的主体作用得到了进一步的发挥,而学习动机对学生的学习活动和行为起着定向和驱动力的作用。本文对近年来学生的学习动机进行了问卷调查分析,探讨教学管理模式的变化对学生的学习动机所产生的影响。     

The role of task and ego-oriented climate in explaining students’ bright and dark motivational experiences in Physical Education

Background: A distinction is made in Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) between task-oriented (i.e. effort, intra-individual progress, and self-comparison) and ego-oriented (i.e. inter-individual progress and normative comparison) climates. Combining insights from AGT and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), studies in the PE context have shown that a task-oriented climate positively relates to need satisfaction, although the findings regarding the motivating role of an ego-oriented climate are inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the role of task- or ego-oriented climates in explaining experiences of basic psychological need frustration.

Purpose: Grounded in AGT and SDT, the aim of the present study was to examine if experiences of basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration can explain why task- and ego-oriented climates elicit positive and negative motivational outcomes in PE, respectively.

Research design: Cross-sectional study.

Method: A sample of 524 secondary school students (51.1% boys, M_age?=?14.51; SD?=?1.81) from five different secondary schools participated in this study. Students reported on their perceptions of task- and ego-oriented climates, motivational regulations, basic psychological need satisfaction, and need frustration, as well as positive and negative outcomes in PE. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate our objective.

Results: We found that a task-oriented climate had a strong and positive relationship with basic psychological need satisfaction, eliciting a bright pathway to autonomous motivation and affective attitude. An ego-oriented climate was positively related to basic psychological need frustration, eliciting a dark pathway to amotivation and boredom. A negative cross-path from task-oriented climate to basic psychological need frustration was also found, while no significant cross-paths were found from ego-oriented climate to basic psychological need satisfaction.

Conclusions: This study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms that explain why task- and ego-oriented climates shape students’ motivational experiences in PE lessons. It is suggested that a task-oriented climate elicits a bright pathway towards more optimal functioning, because it fosters experiences of need satisfaction and buffers against experiences of need frustration. In contrast, an ego-oriented climate is primarily positively related to feelings of need frustration and negative motivational outcomes. Practical implications for PE teacher training are discussed.     

Examining the influence of grip type on wrist and club head kinematics during the golf swing: Benefits of a local co-ordinate system

Wrist movements have been identified as an important factor in producing a successful golf swing, with their complex motion influencing both club head velocity and orientation. However, a detailed analysis of wrist angles is lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine kinematics across wrists and club head characteristics during the golf swing under weak, neutral and strong grip conditions. Twelve professional male golfers executed 24 shots using a driver under three grip conditions. A six degrees of freedom analysis of the hand with respect to the distal forearm was performed using a 10-camera three-dimensional motion capture system. Differences in joint angles were explored using repeated measures ANOVAs at key swing events (onset, top of backswing and impact), in addition club head velocity and clubface angle at impact were also explored. Main findings revealed significant differences in flexion/extension and internal/external rotation for both wrists at all swing events, whereas fewer significant interactions were found in ulnar/radial deviation across grips for both wrists at all events. Clubface angle only differed significantly between the weak and the strong and neural grips, presenting a more ‘open’ clubface to the intended hitting direction. This study is the first to explore tri-planar wrist movement and the effect of different grips, such analysis has implications for coaching knowledge and practice and should inform future research into different aspects of skill, technique analysis and may inform injury mechanisms/prevention.     

对中小型私营企业管理的一点思考

改革开放以来,我国的私营经济高速成长,随之而来面临的问题是如何把企业做大做强,本文主要是对私营企业的内部管理机制提几点建议.