国际乒联频繁修改规则的批判性反思

采用文献资料等方法,梳理国际乒联21世纪以来的规则改革,反思其存在的问题。21世纪以来,国际乒联在器材、技术和赛制等方面进行了一系列的改革。一系列规则改革在技术上使得运动员技术选择和使用随意性增大,比赛胜负的偶然性增大;在国际乒坛秩序上产生了正、反两方面影响,一方面改变了中国队"一家独大"的局面,国际大赛的奖牌分布趋于多元化,另一方面,使得运动员打法逐渐呈现单一化趋势。同时国际乒联频繁修改规则还存在规则修改程序正义性、规则相对稳定性,以及权力行使过于随意等问题。要维系国际乒坛秩序的良性发展,国际乒联还需出台具体的规则改革制度,保证竞赛规则的相对稳定性,并合理行使规则修改的权力。     

澳大利亚体育外交战略:经验与启示

分析澳大利亚政府为实现其"富有创造力的中等强国"目标而在体育促进发展、体育外交领域实施的一系列资助计划和发展战略,将澳大利亚体育外交战略规划与实践的成功之处概括为6个方面,即体育外交与国家发展战略高度关联、战略目标关注国际社会前沿议题、战略实施中建立多元合作伙伴模式、战略资金保障制度健全、重视发挥大型体育赛事作用、实施体育外交绩效评估。据此提出对中国体育外交的启示:①持续增强体育综合实力,获得广泛国际认可;②构建中国体育外交战略,坚持周边体育外交优先发展;③提供具有吸引力的体育思想,主导国际体育秩序变迁;④建立多元体育外交合作模式,充分动员各种社会力量;⑤重视体育外交绩效评估,确保实现国家核心利益。     

Towards a Model of Intercultural Communicative Competence in Iranian EFL Context: Testing the Role of International Posture,Ideal L2 Self,L2 Self-Confidence,and Metacognitive Strategies

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to present a model of intercultural communicative competence (ICC) by incorporating international posture, motivational disposition (ideal L2 self), second language (L2) self-confidence, and metacognitive learning strategies. To this end, 150 Iranian L2 learners, selected through convenience sampling procedure, took part in the research. The findings of structural equation modelling revealed that the proposed model showed adequate fit to the data, implying that the model is appropriate in Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) context. Also, the results indicated that learners with a high level of international posture are more likely to bridge the gap between their present and ideal selves. This was, additionally, argued that internationally oriented and ideally motivated learners become confident of their abilities to get engaged in interaction with L2 target communities. Furthermore, metacognitive learning strategies were found to be directly associated with ICC, implicating that the learners who continuously reflect on their learning and evaluate their performances are more prone to have a higher level of ICC. Finally, suggestions were offered for language teachers and policy-makers to inspire their learners to be more competent in communication with people of other cultures and languages.     

瑞士法框架下体育仲裁“裁决修正”探讨

瑞士联邦最高法院将裁决修正适用于国际仲裁的先例,使得这一原本属于瑞士国内法上的救济手段可以适用于国际仲裁中,体育纠纷大多属于国际仲裁的范畴。结合孙杨案件,对瑞士法框架下的体育仲裁"裁决修正"进行了探讨。研究认为,在瑞士法院的司法实践中,仲裁程序涉及刑事犯罪或裁决作出后发现新的民事证据,当事人均可申请瑞士联邦最高法院或其他各州地区法院修正仲裁裁决。刑事犯罪由于具备较强的司法公信力,容易在"裁决修正"中受到法院青睐,应当坚持刑事证据优先的原则。针对发现新的民事证据,需要满足时限条件、勤勉义务、重大影响和法律利益四项条件;同时排除一些禁止性规定才可能得到法院的支持。孙杨案件若以裁决修正理由继续上诉,获得胜诉判决的可能性基本为零。     

东盟区域龙狮运动国际传播的伦理困境

东盟区域龙狮运动传播过程中伦理困境的解决是促进龙狮运动在国际上传播的重要影响因素。面对传播者的行为瓶颈问题,应从提高传播者的道德意识做起;面对传播媒介沦陷的问题,应注意龙狮运动传播媒介作用的正确发挥;面对中西方文化差异问题,应促进各国文化的融合;面对受众对龙狮运动的误解,应扩大对龙狮运动的正面宣传。深入解决龙狮运动传播的伦理困境,加快龙狮文化的国际传播脚步。     

中美竞技体育国际竞争力比较研究

运用双框架模型对中美竞技体育国际竞争力进行比较研究。认为:①从显现性框架分析,美国竞技体育国际竞争力一直稳定处于高位,而中国则呈现以2008年为峰顶的倒“U”型发展特征,且与美国还存在一定差距;②从解释性框架分析,美国竞技体育国际竞争力已趋于顶峰,而中国稳步提升;③中国竞技体育发展潜力巨大,但短时间内难以赶超美国;④“举国体制”有利于中国竞技体育显现性竞争力的提升,但与美国社会办竞技体育的发展模式相比,市场、社会在竞技体育发展中的作用发挥不足,不利于高经济性项目、高欣赏性项目的发展;⑤坚持“举国体制”、承办2022年冬奥会有利于中国竞技体育显现性竞争力的提升和冬季项目的发展,但同样存在竞技体育项目布局转型的困难和群众体育基础薄弱的困境。     

服务于乡村治理的民间武术组织转化路径研究

自治、法治、德治“三治合一”的乡村治理体系,为探索民间武术组织服务于乡村治理提供了新思路。在传统社会,民间武术组织以武德传承强化乡村德治机制,以门规戒约规范乡村法治秩序,以家长制参与乡村自治实践。而进入现代社会,民间武术组织服务于乡村治理面临着传统德治弱化、法治建设不完善、参与自治机制不健全三方面的困境。提出,民间武术组织要建立新的道德体系,营造乡村治理的德治氛围;加强组织治理,强化乡村治理的法治理念;深化自治实践,主动承担乡村治理职责功能,旨在为更好促进民间武术组织有效治理、推动乡村发展提供参考。     

Why do christian churches,and not universities,facilitate intercultural engagement for Chinese international students?

The paper offers new, significant insights into the Church engagement experiences of Chinese international students in the UK. Based on a mixed-method research and focusing on a group of international Chinese students participating in local Christian churches, it explores the motivations (for), dynamics and types of connections students establish and maintain with the church communities, and the implications for stakeholders in facilitating intercultural engagement with the local community. The limited cross-cultural interactions alongside other structural and contextual factors often deprive meaningful engagement between international students and host nationals within the campus. According to the research participants, internationalised university is promising and promoting intercultural experiences but not delivering them. Chinese students of usually non-Christian background gravitate towards Christian churches as alternative places to gain desired intercultural experiences. The findings encourage universities to reflect on the quality of intercultural engagement for international students and draw from the reciprocal and respectful intercultural connections that some students discovered through engaging with Christian churches.     

Making American Friends: The Effects of Musical Tastes and English Proficiency on Chinese International Students’ Social Networks in the United States

This study investigated the relationship between Chinese international students’ social networks in the United States and their musical tastes. Based on concept of homophily, this study used a self-reported Social Network Analysis (SNA) survey to examine whether sharing similar musical tastes affected Chinese international students’ relationship, their musical tastes, and music consumption. The results showed that having high musical taste similarity predicted closer relationship between respondents and their alters, and higher likelihood of new music consumption. This study also found that frequent American English-language songs listeners were more likely to have Americans in their social network than less-frequent American English-language songs listeners.