对课程考试成绩有效性的定量分析

在教学评价体系当中,教学效果的评价很大程度上就是对课程考试成绩作统计分析.要使评价公平、公正,前提条件就是课程考试成绩必须是有效的,是能够真实反映学生的学习水平的.如何在实际考试成绩的基础上,运用教育测量与统计的方法和理论,查找出当中无效的、不能真实反映学生学习水平的课程考试成绩在研究中是十分重要的.     

无权处分合同法律效力之立法评价

无权处分合同，是一种纯粹的债权合意；依据《合同法》的规定，从合同当事人利益的角度考虑，无权处分合同应具有完全的法律效力；从《合同法》与物权法衔接的关系来看，无权处分合同应确认为完全有效的合同；确认无权处分合同完全有效，有利于更好地平衡当事人的利益和风险，兼顾财产静的安全和交易动的安全。     

关于当前高校教师科研业绩评价有效性的思考

目前在高校教师科研业绩评价中存在的衡量标准单一化、评价方法简单化、评价数字化、成果评定时间短、评价具有随意性等问题，产生了诸多的负面影响：导致了教学与科研的严重失衡；违背科研规律，产生学术腐败；高校内部出现“格雷欣法则”等现象。针对此，在高校教师科研业绩评价中，应当坚持正确的评价方向，建立合理的评价机制和同行评价制度，实行分类评价，正确处理数量指标与质量指标的关系。     

传统完形填空与C-试题的效度对比研究

通过定性和定量研究，分析传统完形填空中的定距删词和C—试题在中国英语考试中的效度。对比研究发现，在试题的编写、评分和信度方面，C—试题优于传统完形填空，它简单、经济、客观、信度高。传统完形填空则在效度方面高于C—试题，建议将其作为一种替换题型用于综合英语能力考试中。C—试题可作为一种词汇练习形式用于课堂练习或词汇测试中。     

A Critical Evaluation of a Reading Comprehension Test （ Ⅰ ）

This paper evaluates a reading test designed as the final examination of some third year secondary school students in Singapore. Based on the data, histogram is made to illustrate the distribution of different marks among the candidates. The paper then proceeds on to discuss the reliability and validity of the test. Problems affecting the validity of the test are pointed out and improvements are suggested.     

Examining and Controlling for Wording Effect in a Self-Report Measure: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study

Wording effect refers to the systematic method variance caused by positive and negative item wordings on a self-report measure. This Monte Carlo simulation study investigated the impact of ignoring wording effect on the reliability and validity estimates of a self-report measure. Four factors were considered in the simulation design: (a) the number of positively and negatively worded items, (b) the loadings on the trait and the wording effect factors, (c) sample size, and (d) the magnitude of population validity coefficient. The findings suggest that the unidimensional model that ignores the negative wording effect would underestimate the composite reliability and criterion-related validity, but overestimate the homogeneity coefficient. The magnitude of relative bias of the composite reliability was generally small and acceptable, whereas the relative bias for the homogeneity coefficient and criterion-related validity coefficient was negatively correlated with the strength of the general trait factor.     

The significance of conflicting discourses in a professional degree: assessment in undergraduate fine art practice

This paper expands on empirical research which revealed that, whether or not an institution's interpretative community was explicitly informed by outcomes-based assessment, the more powerful and implicit discourses that emerged in assessment practices were those of their professional practice and academic traditions. Tensions, between the emerging dominant discourses, had their roots in academic perspectives and traditions; professional practice(s) and ways of being; and the more recent educational development discourses. The significance of these tensions for the discursive positioning of staff and students is discussed, with suggestions made for possible ways to negotiate these problematics more purposefully     

Beyond translation: adapting a performance-task-based assessment of critical thinking ability for use in Rwanda

Critical thinking is frequently proposed as one of the most important learning outcomes of a university education. However, to date, it has been difficult to ascertain whether university students in low-income contexts are improving in their critical thinking skills, because the limited studies in this domain have relied on instruments developed in Western contexts, despite the clear dangers of such an approach. Cultural bias in assessment can best be overcome by explicitly developing tests for use in specific contexts. However, resource constraints often prevent this possibility. An alternative strategy is to adapt an existing instrument for use in a particular context. Although adaptation is the norm for high-stakes cross-cultural assessments, it is often not attempted for single country research studies. This may be due to an assumption that adaptation is excessively technical or will add significantly to a study timeline. In this article, which relies on data from a recent study in Rwanda, we present a methodology for adapting a performance-task-based assessment of critical thinking. Our experience with this methodology suggests that small teams can adapt instruments in a relatively short time frame, and that the benefits of doing so far outweigh any cost.     

The predictive validity of using admissions testing and multiple mini-interviews in undergraduate university admissions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive validity of a two-step admissions procedure that included a cognitive ability test followed by multiple mini-interviews (MMIs) used to assess non-cognitive skills, compared to grade-based admissions relative to subsequent drop-out rates and academic achievement after one and two years of study. The participants consisted of the entire population of 422 psychology students who were admitted to the University of Southern Denmark between 2010 and 2013. The results showed significantly lower drop-out rates after the first year of study, and non-significant lower drop-out rates after the second year of study for the admission procedure that included the assessment of non-cognitive skills though the MMI and the admissions test. Furthermore, this admission procedure resulted in a significant lower risk of failing the final exam after the first and second year of study, compared to the grade-based admissions procedure. Finally, students admitted through the MMI and the admissions test scored significantly higher on academic learning self-efficacy and critical thinking compared to students selected by grades. The implications for higher education admissions are discussed.     

关于HSK考生听力理解应试策略的实证研究

在听力理解测验中,虽然选项预览（question preview）策略是考生最常用的应试策略之一,但是国内的研究成果并不多见。文章在对听力理解策略进行探讨的基础上,通过卡方检验法和方差分析技术分别对HSK考生在听力理解测验中,选项预览策略的使用频率分布情况以及对听力理解测验成绩的影响程度进行了实证检验。研究结果显示：选项预览策略的使用频率分布与考生的语言水平之间并没有显著性差异;选项预览策略对考生的听力理解测验分数也不具有显著性影响。