基底神经节与口吃

本文回顾了口吃和基底神经节功能障碍之间关系的相关文献,从基底神经节的时间线索功能缺陷、基底神经节运动环路的损伤、多巴胺系统异常等三个方面系统探讨了口吃者基底神经节功能障碍的机制。     

跨文化交际中的语境观

跨文化交际行为活动,是言语符号与非言语符号的交往过程,更是语境对其信息、意义在主体间互动的制约导向过程.从语境的本体性认识来诠释"互境暗示"、"定位推理"和"语用连贯",是提高跨文化交际质量的关键因素.     

网络服务场景社会线索对顾客公民行为的影响——持续信任、商业友谊的作用

以566份网络调查问卷为样本,根据社会临场感理论和社会交换理论采用结构方程模型研究网络服务场景社会线索对顾客公民行为的影响机理.结果表明:网络服务场景各维度对持续信任和顾客公民行为具有显著积极作用;物理性社会线索、人员性社会线索-其他顾客对商业友谊影响没有得到证实;商业友谊在人员性社会线索-服务人员与顾客公民行为间起部分中介作用;持续信任在网络服务场景各维度与顾客公民行为间起部分中介作用.     

重读君特·格拉斯小说《铁皮鼓》

通过细读小说文本,采用叙事学关于叙述视角的理论对《铁皮鼓》进行分析发现：《铁皮鼓》在第一人称叙述的总框架内融合了仰视角、叙述主体自我物化、旁观视角等多元视角形式,其叙事风格融荒诞、真实、反讽于一体。     

Retrieval Cues On Tests: A Strategy for Helping Students Overcome Retrieval Failure

Students often struggle to recall information on tests, frequently claiming to experience a “retrieval failure” of learned information. Thus, the retrieval of information from memory may be a roadblock to student success. I propose a relatively simple adjustment to the wording of test items to help eliminate this potential barrier. Specifically, I examined whether embedding salient information from class lectures in test items as retrieval cues enhanced student performance on tests. In two studies, including both an upper- and lower-division course, student performance on identical test items with and without retrievals was compared. Student performance varied significantly depending on whether retrieval cues were embedded in the items, and in both courses the difference was at least a half letter grade (study 2) or more (study 1). These results suggest that the selective use of retrieval cues on tests may be an effective strategy for helping students overcome retrieval failure on tests.     

求偶线索启动对风险行为的影响研究

采用2(性别：男和女)×2(图片：异性吸引力图片和控制组)的完全随机实验设计,随机选取某大学本科生188人(男性92人,女生96人),年龄在17~23岁之间,平均年龄为19.9岁．通过求偶线索启动(异性高吸引力图片启动),探究被试在启动条件下的特殊风险行为领域的风险行为表现．以此来探索被设计用于激发吸引配偶的目标情境线索是否可以增加人的风险行为．得到以下结论：1)男性在异性伴侣高吸引力并且单身的求偶线索启动条件下,在求偶和资源分配(MR)风险领域和生育(RC)风险领域的风险行为显著提升;2)女性在异性伴侣高吸引力并且单身的求偶线索启动条件下,在各风险行为领域无明显风险行为提升．     

Is Transparency an Illusion? An Idiodynamic Assessment of Teacher and Peers’ Reading of Nonverbal Communication Cues of Foreign Language Enjoyment

The purpose of the present study was to assess to what extent moments of experiencing enjoyment in communicating in English as a foreign language is transparent to the teacher and the peers within the ecology of the classroom using an idiodynamic approach. To do this, we explored four university students’ self, teacher and peers reading of nonverbal language enjoyment cues in terms of their face, gesture, gaze, vocalics and posture in a course of general English. The participants prepared for a short presentation on a favourable subject and were video recorded to self-rate themselves immediately after the presentation using Anion Variable Tester V2 software. Two peers, one among the participants’ inner circle friends and the other an outer-circle classmate, and the teacher rated the videos of the presentations. The ratings were compared to find points of convergence indicating the extent of transparency of enjoyment in communication. The findings of the study indicate mixed and dynamic outcomes which, confirming the unstable and complex nature of enjoyment, show that transparency of enjoyment in foreign language communication seems to be an illusion.     

Interpreting Cues of Goodness: Thin Sliced Judgment of Malaysians and Chinese towards Political Leaders

Thin slice studies have demonstrated that quick personality inferences of unknown others can be made fairly accurately. Utilizing focus group interviews, the current study examines thin sliced judgments and perceptions of six leaders in the context of goodness. Findings revealed that perceivers were able to form relatively accurate impressions of some leaders based on brief glimpses of nonverbal footage. Across all groups (Malaysian and Chinese) paralinguistic cues, dynamic cues and static cues were instrumental in the formation of positive perceptions of leaders in the context of goodness. These findings have implications for the areas of nonverbal behaviour, political communication, and personality judgement.     

表层叙事结构:对史传文学英雄故事模式的讽刺性模仿--《阿Q正传》叙事文化学分析之一

《阿Q正传》表层叙事结构是对中国古代源远流长的史传英雄故事模式的讽刺性模仿,这个英雄故事模式主要由“出生寒微但少有大志———历经挫折磨难困苦———风云际会乘势而起———终于建立丰功伟绩”这几个基本环节构成,它们在《阿Q正传》中被作了贬低化、滑稽化处理,结果使得英雄豪杰的正剧或悲剧变成了小丑的滑稽性喜剧。     

Interactivity in online chat: Conversational cues and visual cues in the service recovery process

Use of both verbal and nonverbal cues in computer-mediated communication can influence customers’ perceptions and their behavioral intentions. Drawing on the compensation effect theory, this study investigates how verbal and nonverbal cues used by customer service agents during online service recovery processes affect customers’ perceptions of service chat agents’ warmth and competence and their willingness to cooperate with a service agent to complete the service recovery process. A 2 (message interactivity cues: high vs. low) × 2 (visual cues: high vs. low) between-subjects experimental design is utilized to identify the main and interaction effects of verbal and visual nonverbal cues used in online communications on customers attitudes and behaviors. Results show that use of verbal cues leads to higher perception of a chat agent’s competence, but lower perception of a chat agent’s warmth while use of visual nonverbal cues results in higher warmth perceptions but lower competence perceptions. The interaction effect of verbal and visual nonverbal cues indicates that visual nonverbal cues have a compensatory effect on message interactivity and vice versa, such that customer-perceived warmth and competence are prone to trade-offs between verbal cues and visual nonverbal cues. Furthermore, perceived warmth and competence mediate the indirect effects of verbal and nonverbal cues on customers’ cooperation intentions. Theoretical and practical implications of use of verbal and nonverbal cues during online communications in service recovery processes are discussed.