抗体酶的研究及应用

抗体酶是具有催化活性的免疫球蛋白，它既具有抗体的高效选择性，又能像酶那样高效催化化学反应，开创了催化剂研究的崭新领域．本文从抗体酶的作用机理、设计和制备、应用领域、存在的问题和研究展望等多个角度进行综述．     

引文失范问题及其防治对策研究

简述引文失范问题的严重性和复杂性,在对各种失范引文进行归类的基础上,主要从学术规制层面分析了引文失范的原因,认为引文定义缺陷成为滋生虚假引文的土壤;标准规则缺失为虚假引文敞开了方便之门;学术评价导向催生了更多的虚假引文。并针对引文失范原因提出了防治对策:进一步厘清引文的定义;建立引文微观测评体系;尽快出台科学实用的《引文规则》,充分利用学术标准规则及综合评价体系全面防治和规范引文失范问题。     

Unique Correlation Between Mutated Citrullinated Vimentine IgG Autoantibodies and Markers of Systemic Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory systemic autoimmune disease, primarily affecting the peripheral joints. Anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin autoantibodies (anti-MCV) of IgG isotype were shown to be a useful diagnostic marker of RA especially in RA patients who were anti-cyclic citrullinated protein autoantibodies (anti-CCP) negative. Nevertheless, published data correlates rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP or anti-MCV antibodies with either erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or serum C-reactive protein (CRP) as markers of disease activity, not investigated the possible correlations of RA autoantibodies towards ESR and CRP in comparison. Herein, we aim to evaluate the usefulness of anti-MCV as a dependable marker in established RA compared with anti-CCP and RF antibodies and to examine correlations between RF, anti-CCP and anti-MCV antibodies towards ESR and serum CRP. Serum RF-IgA, RF-IgM, anti-CCP and anti-MCV levels were measured in 30 patients with RA and 40 patients with other autoimmune diseases (non-RA) compared with 20 normal subjects. Specificity, sensitivity and AUC for RF antibodies, anti-CCP and anti-MCV were calculated towards RA diagnosis. Our results showed that ESR and CRP had significantly higher values in both RA and non-RA patients compared with our healthy controls with observed significant increment in RA patients compared with non-RA patients. An important finding from our study is that 33.3 % of RA patients were anti-CCP negative but being positive towards anti-MCV. Also, in-between 36.7 up to 40 % of RA patients were RF-IgA and RF-IgM negative while being anti-MCV positive. Anti-MCV antibodies showed the highest specificity and sensitivity (97.5 and 86.6 %, respectively) towards RA diagnosis with the highest AUC value (0.920) compared with anti-CCP and RF antibodies. Correlation analyses revealed that there was no significant correlation between ESR along with CRP towards RF-IgA, RF-IgM and anti-CCP while profound highly significant correlation exhibited between ESR and CRP towards anti-MCV data (r = 0.879 and 0.994, respectively). Thus, our data suggest that the assessment of serum anti-MCV autoantibodies along with ESR and CRP considered as a simple laboratory regime for monitoring RA patients to assess and follow-up disease activity. The addition of anti-MCV autoantibodies to serologic markers in the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for RA will add points for patients with negative anti-CCP and RF antibodies.     

教育经济功能的一个制度学解释

教育通过其对社会正规约束和非正规约束(尤其是后者)不可或缺的作用,能够显示其巨大的经济功能;新制度经济学对教育经济功能的解释为教育理论研究打开一个更为广阔的领域。     

人结肠粘膜Mr40KD蛋白的提取、纯化及免疫学特性鉴定

目的 探索非特异性溃疡性结肠炎(UC)血清学诊断方法。方法 采用DE-52离子交换层折及cNBr-Sepharose 4B亲和层析技术从人结肠粘膜组织中提取一种蛋白组分，经10％SDS-PAGE、IEF、CIE及Westem blot技术，对该蛋白分子量、等电点及免疫学等进行鉴定。结果 产物PI为5．8，分子量为40KD，免疫学鉴定发现其主要与UC患者血清起反应。结论 人结肠40KD蛋白可能是UC的一种自身抗原，血清中ACA可以作为UC的一个特异性指标。     

特型零件高效车削加工夹具设计

通过实际加工例子,论述了在车床上实现多件弧形块工件的高效加工的加工工艺方法及其工装夹具结构设计,重点分析了多工件加工的定位原理与方案、夹紧方案、定位误差计算分析以及夹具制造的工艺方法等。结果表明,采用该夹具生产使得生产效率比线切割加工提高了约12倍,成本降低了约11倍;比数控铣削提高了约5倍,成本降低了约8倍;显著降低了操作者的劳动强度;加工质量更加稳定。     

浅谈现代图书馆工作人员非正式群体及其管理

文章论述了现代图书馆工作人员非正式群体形成的原因特征和作用,并提出了相应的策略.     

粗糙集理论和遗传算法集成的上市公司违规行为预警研究

以2002~2004年间受到监管部门处罚的上市公司为研究对象,经检验样本数据不服从正态分布及协方差矩阵不相等,故将粗糙集理论与遗传算法相结合,利用粗糙集方法具有不需要满足统计假设和遗传算法可以有效简化判别规则的特点,构建了符合上市公司数据实际情况的违规行为预警模型。实证结果显示该集成模型对上市公司发生违规行为的预测精度为82.00%,预警效果较好。     

Interleukin-6 Perpetrator of the COVID-19 Cytokine Storm

COVID-19 has emerged as a global pandemic. It is mainly manifested as pneumonia which may deteriorate into severe respiratory failure. The major hallmark of the disease is the systemic inflammatory immune response characterized by Cytokine Storm (CS). CS is marked by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, mainly interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Of these, IL-6 is found to be significantly associated with higher mortality. IL-6 is also a robust marker for predicting disease prognosis and deterioration of clinical profile. In this review, the pivotal role played by IL-6 in the immuno-pathology of COVID-19 has been illustrated. The role of IL-6 as a pleiotropic cytokine executing both pro and anti-inflammatory activities has been reviewed. ADAM 10, a metalloproteinase switches the anti-inflammatory pathway of IL-6 to pro inflammatory hence blocking the action of ADAM 10 could be a new therapeutic strategy to mitigate the proinflammatory action of IL-6. Furthermore, we explore the role of anti-IL6 agents, IL-6 receptor antibodies which were being used for autoimmune diseases but now are being repurposed for the therapy of COVID-19.