探究基于单片机的低压脉冲发生器研制

科学技术的迅猛发展使其在人民群众的生活及生产中都发挥着不容小觑的作用,其在电力工业发展的过程中也占据着至关重要的地位,比如说,将电子设备引入电力生产、电力控制以及电力传输中,不仅提高了电力工业的效率,而且还促进了电力输送能力的提升。然而,由于对先进设备的不断更换以及工作内容的逐渐增加,在输电的过程中,电缆容易出现各种各样的故障。因此,为了避免上述故障,对于单片机低压脉冲发生器的相关研制工作势在必行。     

Perform kicking with or without jumping: joint coordination and kinetic differences between Taekwondo back kicks and jumping back kicks

We investigated joint coordination differences between Taekwondo back kicks and jumping back kicks, and how jumping (in performing the latter) would alter engaging ground reaction forces (GRF) in executing kicking. Ten skilful athletes volunteered to perform both kinds of kicking within the shortest time for three successful trials. Three high-speed cameras and two force platforms were used for data collection, and the trial with the shortest execution time was selected for analysis. Movements were divided into the rotation and attack phases. With comparable execution time and maximum joint linear/angular speeds, back kicks and jumping back kicks differ mainly in larger GRF in the latter, and in greater target acceleration in the former probably because the support leg prevented athletes’ rebounding after impact. In addition, more prominent antiphase and in-phase coordination between the shoulder segment and knee joint, and elongated rotation phase were found in jumping back kicks. Larger GRF values in jumping back kicks were generated for jump take-off rather than for a more powerful attack. In back kicks although the support leg remained ground contact, greatly decreased GRF in the attack phase suggested that the support leg mainly served as a rotation axis.     

基于和式太极三直五顺拳理对预防太极拳运动膝关节损伤的研究

文章通过太极拳运动对膝关节损伤的相关文献查询,得出常见的太极拳运动膝关节损伤病例,对文献结论分析得出造成损伤的因素有两个方面,一是动作技术不正确不规范造成,二是膝关节受力过重造成。通过对和式太极拳三直五顺拳理要求分析,得出五顺是太极拳动作技术要求,三直是减轻膝关节受力要求,与造成膝关节损伤的两个方面具有对应关系,提出三直五顺拳理对练习者的要求在保护膝关节损伤的重要性。     

Effects of changing speed on knee and ankle joint load during walking and running

Joint moments can be used as an indicator of joint loading and have potential application for sports performance and injury prevention. The effects of changing walking and running speeds on joint moments for the different planes of motion still are debatable. Here, we compared knee and ankle moments during walking and running at different speeds. Data were collected from 11 recreational male runners to determine knee and ankle joint moments during different conditions. Conditions include walking at a comfortable speed (self-selected pacing), fast walking (fastest speed possible), slow running (speed corresponding to 30% slower than running) and running (at 4 m · s^?1 ± 10%). A different joint moment pattern was observed between walking and running. We observed a general increase in joint load for sagittal and frontal planes as speed increased, while the effects of speed were not clear in the transverse plane moments. Although differences tend to be more pronounced when gait changed from walking to running, the peak moments, in general, increased when speed increased from comfortable walking to fast walking and from slow running to running mainly in the sagittal and frontal planes. Knee flexion moment was higher in walking than in running due to larger knee extension. Results suggest caution when recommending walking over running in an attempt to reduce knee joint loading. The different effects of speed increments during walking and running should be considered with regard to the prevention of injuries and for rehabilitation purposes.     

水分对木质工字梁翼缘/腹板接口性能的影响

木质工字梁（Wood I-Beam,简称：IB）在使用过程中将不可避免地遇到潮湿环境的影响,研究水分对翼缘/腹板接口性能的影响,对确保IB接口最佳胶合状态以及最终产品尺寸稳定性至关重要．研究结果表明：IB的综合性纤维饱和点只有25%左右;含水率从8.9%提高到25%的接口的承压能力下降了47.2%,含水率从25%提高到53%的接口的承压能力仅下降了0.6%;水分对IB翼缘和腹板尺寸变化的影响是水分影响接口承载能力的间接因素;吸湿后接口的承载能力并不能恢复到吸湿前的初始水平;解吸至8.9%含水率的IB接口的承载能力比吸湿前同等含水率的IB接口低了17.8%．     

轴承故障音频信号诊断方法的仿真实验

基于滚动轴承的音频信号,采用隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov Model,HMM)建模,分别利用Matlab和Visual C ++工具,对内圈、外圈、滚动体和保持架等轴承的四个重要部件进行了故障诊断的仿真实验.同时,对Matlab和VisualC++这两种环境下的故障诊断系统开发过程和仿真实验结果进行了比较...     

锦屏一级水电站坝基f2断层水泥灌浆施工技术

断层及层间挤压错动带采用高压水冲洗置换灌浆的方式进行处理,能够冲洗出一部分软弱介质,冲洗后的空腔再采用水泥浆液进行置换固结灌浆,相当于在断层上施加了水泥柱桩,提高了断层基础的承载力。本文介绍锦屏一级水电站大坝左岸f2断层高压冲洗水泥置换灌浆加固施工技术的成功运用。     

高密度电法应用于隧道地质超前预报的方法研究

为了准确预报隧道掌子面前方施工过程中富水带、软弱层、断层和破碎带等地质结构的具体位置和宽度,采用高密度电法方法进行预测。通过预测结果和实际开挖的地质情况进行比较,结果发现：高密度电法预测的地质结构与实际地质状况基本一致。实践证明：高密度电法具有成本低、效率高、勘察距离长、效果明显等优点,是隧道地质超前预报行之有效的方法之一。     

Students’ use of the interactive whiteboard during physics group work

This paper presents a case study of how the interactive whiteboard (IWB) may facilitate collective meaning-making processes in group work in engineering education. In the case, first-year students attended group-work sessions as an organised part of a basic physics course at a Norwegian university college. Each student group was equipped with an IWB, which the groups used to write down and hand in their solutions to the physics problems. Based on a Vygotskian, dialectical stance, this study investigates how the students used the IWB in the group-work situation. From qualitative analysis of video data, we identified four group-work processes where the IWB played a key role: exploratory, explanatory, clarifying and insertion. The results show that the IWB may facilitate a ‘joint workspace’, a social realm in which the students’ dialogues are situated.     

单粒子翻转对神经网络的影响分析与优化

DNN芯片作为星载芯片应用到卫星系统中时会受到太空辐照的影响,其中单粒子翻转对存储单元的干扰会使得存储器单元的参数出现错误,该错误映射到神经网络中会造成神经网络最后的输出结果出现偏差。结合单粒子翻转概率模型,对用于网络推断的神经网络的权值参数进行注错后分析实验结果准确率,从激活函数的非线性特性分析并通过实验验证具有双边抑制效果的函数容错能力更强。进一步在网络卷积层后加入BN层和在训练过程中考虑L2正则化提高网络的容错能力,并通过实验验证其可行性。