试述小学体育教师知识技术传授者角色的变化

《国家基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》中谈到课程改革的目标是围绕着人的培养目标来设计和确定的。课程的功能转变,应该是改变课程过于注重知识传授的倾向,强调形成积极主动的学习态度,使获得基础知识与基本技能的过程同时成为学会学习和形成正确价值观的过程。强调了课程的功能要从单纯注重传授知识转变为体现引导学会学习,学会生存,学会做人。这一目标的提出,不仅给学校教育注入新的“活力素”,还给教师确立了新的教育目标,促使教师角色的转变。     

两类教材对初中生数学推理技能影响的比较研究

使用两类教材的初中生的数学推理技能存在显著差异;使用两类教材的初中生的演绎推理技能存在显著差异;使用两类教材的初中生的合情推理技能没有显著差异。《标准》应坚持"演绎推理与合情推理并重"的思想;对推理能力的定位应更加明确。教材的编写要使形式和内容统一。在教学中要坚持演绎推理与合情推理并重的思想。     

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Portuguese Version of the Life Skills Scale for Sport

ABSTRACT

This research adapted the Life Skills Scale for Sport (LSSS) into Portuguese and provided evidence for its construct validity. Study 1 included four translators and five academics who developed a Portuguese version of the LSSS (P-LSSS). During this study, evidence for the content and substantive aspects of construct validity was provided using an expert panel and 25 sports participants. Study 2 included 413 participants that completed the P-LSSS. Within this study, evidence for the structural aspect of construct validity was provided via factor analyses. Study 3 included 134 participants who completed the P-LSSS and a measure of motivation. This study provided evidence for the external aspect of construct validity, with results showing more self-determined motivation had positive relationships with participant’s life skills development. Overall, our findings provided evidence for the construct validity of P-LSSS scores. Researchers and practitioners can use the P-LSSS to assess life skills development within sports participants.     

写作智慧内涵及构成刍议

建构写作智慧体系是写作教学的出发点和归宿。建构写作智慧体系,需要整合五个方面的内容:传递写作知识、提升认识智慧、传导认知策略、培养写作技能、传授写作策略。     

中国四省市与新加坡学生科学素养表现之比较——基于PISA2015数据的分析

PISA2015科学素养测试结果于2016年底正式公布后,受到社会各界的广泛关注。研究者从OECD在线公布的数据库中选取中国四省市与新加坡的有关数据,对两个经济体15岁在校生的科学素养表现进行比较分析,并通过多水平分析探讨影响学生科学素养的关键因素。结果发现:中国四省市学生在科学素养测试总量表及各分量表上的成绩均非常显著地低于新加坡学生,分差在32.82~43.29之间,效应量达到中等强度;中国四省市学生在工具性动机上得分非常显著地高于新加坡学生,但在科学乐趣与科学自我效能得分上非常显著地低于新加坡学生;在影响因素方面,家庭经济、社会和文化地位、科学乐趣、科学课纪律氛围、教师中科学教师的比例等因素对两个经济体的学生成绩具有显著正向预测效应,但考试焦虑、工具性动机、教师探究式教学等因素表现出显著的负向预测效应。中国四省市要有意识地借鉴新加坡教育经验,改革与完善科学教育,具体建议有:(1)进一步推动课程与教学改革,重视探究式教学与学生批判性思维的培养;(2)加强学校人力资源管理,提高教师专业水平;(3)关注学生非认知表现,激发学生科学学习的内部动机。     

论当前高师美术教育色彩课的几个授课环节

色彩课是高师美术教育的重要组成部分,为了突出学科特点,在授课过程中必须把握好授课环节,紧紧围绕培养学生的综合能力来进行强化训练,以达到最终教学目的。     

Mediating effects of resistance training skill competency on health-related fitness and physical activity: the ATLAS cluster randomised controlled trial

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of resistance training skill competency on percentage of body fat, muscular fitness and physical activity among a sample of adolescent boys participating in a school-based obesity prevention intervention. Participants were 361 adolescent boys taking part in the Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-time (ATLAS) cluster randomised controlled trial: a school-based program targeting the health behaviours of economically disadvantaged adolescent males considered “at-risk” of obesity. Body fat percentage (bioelectrical impedance), muscular fitness (hand grip dynamometry and push-ups), physical activity (accelerometry) and resistance training skill competency were assessed at baseline and post-intervention (i.e., 8 months). Three separate multi-level mediation models were analysed to investigate the potential mediating effects of resistance training skill competency on each of the study outcomes using a product-of-coefficients test. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. The intervention had a significant impact on the resistance training skill competency of the boys, and improvements in skill competency significantly mediated the effect of the intervention on percentage of body fat and the combined muscular fitness score. No significant mediated effects were found for physical activity. Improving resistance training skill competency may be an effective strategy for achieving improvements in body composition and muscular fitness in adolescent boys.     

Dribbling determinants in sub-elite youth soccer players

Dribbling speed in soccer is considered critical to the outcome of the game and can assist in the talent identification process. However, little is known about the biomechanics of this skill. By means of a motion capture system, we aimed to quantitatively investigate the determinants of effective dribbling skill in a group of 10 Under-13 sub-elite players, divided by the median-split technique according to their dribbling test time (faster and slower groups). Foot-ball contacts cadence, centre of mass (CoM), ranges of motion (RoM), velocity and acceleration, as well as stride length, cadence and variability were computed. Hip and knee joint RoMs were also considered. Faster players, as compared to slower players, showed a 30% higher foot-ball cadence (3.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 contacts · s^?1, P < 0.01); reduced CoM mediolateral (0.91 ± 0.05 vs. 1.14 ± 0.16 m, P < 0.05) and vertical (0.19 ± 0.01 vs. 0.25 ± 0.03 m, P < 0.05) RoMs; higher right stride cadence (+20%, P < 0.05) with lower variability (P < 0.05); reduced hip and knee flexion RoMs (P < 0.05). In conclusion, faster players are able to run with the ball through a shorter path in a more economical way. To effectively develop dribbling skill, coaches are encouraged to design specific practices where high stride frequency and narrow run trajectories are required.     

高职市场营销专业职业技能培养的思考

高职市场营销专业职业技能培养目标应体现出实用性，职业技能教学要突出训练性，职业技能考核要体现开放性，这样才能更好地体现出高职的教育特色，有利于学生职业技能的形成。     

虚拟制造技术及其在制造业中的应用

从虚拟制造的形成背景,介绍了虚拟制造的特点、分类;并对虚拟制造的核心技术及理论体系等多方面进行详细阐述。最后就虚拟制造的应用和虚拟制造技术的发展潜力和国内外现状进行系统介绍。