Paving the road toward the use of β-Fe2O3 in solar water splitting: Raman identification,phase transformation and strategies for phase stabilization

Although β-Fe₂O₃ has a high theoretical solar-to-hydrogen efficiency because of its narrow band gap, the study of β-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes for water splitting is elusive as a result of their metastable nature. Raman identification of β-Fe₂O₃ is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this study for the first time, thus clarifying the debate about its Raman spectrum in the literature. Phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was found to potentially take place under laser and electron irradiation as well as annealing. Herein, phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was inhibited by introduction of Zr doping, and β-Fe₂O₃ was found to withstand a higher annealing temperature without any phase transformation. The solar water splitting photocurrent of the Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode was increased by 500% compared to that of the pure β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode. Additionally, Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ exhibited very good stability during the process of solar water splitting. These results indicate that by improving its thermal stability, metastable β-Fe₂O₃ film is a promising photoanode for solar water splitting.     

A highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@metal–organic framework composite for high-performance electrochemical energy storage

Most metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) hardly maintain their physical and chemical properties after exposure to alkaline aqueous solutions, thus precluding their use as potential electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, we present the design and synthesis of a highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@MOF composite, Co₃O₄ nanocube@Co-MOF (Co₃O₄@Co-MOF), via a controllable and facile one-pot hydrothermal method under highly alkaline conditions. The obtained composite possesses exceptional alkaline stability, retaining its original structure in 3.0 M KOH for at least 15 days. Benefitting from the exceptional alkaline stability, unique structure, and larger surface area, the Co₃O₄@Co-MOF composite shows a specific capacitance as high as 1020 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A  g⁻¹ and a high cycling stability with only 3.3% decay after 5000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. The as-constructed solid-state flexible device exhibits a maximum energy density of 21.6 mWh cm⁻³.     

屋顶花园是建筑环保节能的有效途径

屋顶花园的开发利用,可以改善城市阳光产生的辐射热,并加强城市景观与建筑的相互融洽,改善城市环境,保护生态平衡,对屋面产生隔热、保温、减噪作用;但是,屋顶花园在设计和施工中却存在着一些值得探讨和注意的问题.     

交叉双尖窄状多重温室与太阳能热利用

将日光温室进一步改造为内部成交叉双尖窄状的多重温室,使尖窄状内温度更高,从而使置于尖窄状内的太阳能集热器的热效率更高,达90%左右,并将这种特殊结构的温室安装在建筑物窗户外面下端的墙壁上,而热水箱则放于室内,并用软管与集热器相连通,就构成一种窗户型太阳能热利用装置.从而"将多重温室太阳能与建筑相结合,并且使用方式从房顶转向窗户",是一条新的技术路线.     

利用弹性预算管理,从目标成本走向目标管理

如何在预算执行中进行风险规避,如何在预算管理中不丢失市场机会?这就需要在预算管理中加入"柔"性,即弹性预算管理.目标成本只是大企业管理的一部分,如何从公司的整体出发,从目标成本这一个单纯的管理方面走向目标管理也是本文阐述的重要内容.     

CBA球员球场暴力行为的归因研究与治理省思 ——基于互动仪式链视角

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,以互动仪式链理论为视角,从文化资本互动与情感能量互动两方面对CBA球场暴力行为的发生机制进行研究。指出,赛前与赛中的互动仪式相互联系,赛前不良的互动仪式会将负向的情感能量带入比赛,使共享情感破裂,产生球场暴力现象。球员个体间情境互动会过渡到球队群际间,暴力行为会通过互动仪式链不断扩散到其他球队。比赛中双方都存在冲突性紧张,谁能抢占情感能量主导权谁就会在博弈中占据优势地位,处于压制的一方将转化为恐惧感。恐惧与冲突性紧张塑造了暴力情景,导致了球场暴力行为的发生。提出,应规范球员行为表现,防止球员暴力惯习的形成;加强球队球员间的沟通交流,修复断裂的互动仪式链条;注重裁判执裁能力建设,维持现场球队双方情感能量的平衡;营造有序的观赛环境,激发球迷潜在的道德情感。旨在为CBA健康有序发展提供建议与参考。     

分散能源系统经济可行性分析软件的开发

本文提出了一种分散能源系统经济性分析的计算软件,介绍了这种软件依据的财务评价和国民经济评价的指标体系、计算公式以及根据这些方法设计的软件框架和功能模块.     

Leg amputation side determines performance in curve sprinting: a case study on a Paralympic medalist

The lower limb kinetics of curve sprinting in amputees are not well described in the literature, particularly with respect to the effect of the side of amputation. This is an issue due to the importance of the knowledge for prosthetic design and classification of athletes. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of side of amputation on curve sprinting performance in athletes with a unilateral leg amputation. A three-dimensional motion analysis system (Vicon), four force plates (Kistler) and a modified mathematical human model (ALASKA) were used to compare clockwise and counter clockwise curve sprinting lower limb kinematics and kinetics of a Paralympic medalist with a left-sided knee exarticular amputation. Results reveal that vertical ground reaction force application and total vertical impulse were lower when the affected limb was at the inside of the curve. The unaffected limb showed joint mechanics different to those established for non-amputee athletes and might contribute better to propulsion when being the inside limb. Curve sprinting biomechanics and the ability to attain high radial velocities are directly dependent on the side of amputation relative to the curve direction in a unilateral amputee athlete of highest performance level.     

大连实行政府采购与国库集中支付制度对预算执行审计的影响与对策

随着以政府采购与国库集中支付制度为核心的财政国库管理制度改革的稳步推进,将给预算执行审计工作带来新的挑战和发展环境。针对大连市在实施政府采购与国库集中支付制度改革中,对预算执行审计工作带来的深刻影响进行探讨,文章介绍了大连市政府采购的实施和国库集中支付制度改革的情况,指出其目前存在的问题,并提出具体的应对措施。     

熵增与能量"贬值"

本文简要介绍了熵的微观意义，熵增导致能量“贬值”。