Undesirable economic growth via agents’ self-protection against environmental degradation

Our model analyzes the effects of the interplay between environmental degradation and consumption choices on economic growth dynamics and on economic agents’ welfare. We show that if private goods can be consumed as substitutes for environmental goods, then economic growth may be fueled by environmental deterioration. In this context, undesirable economic growth may occur, characterized by an inverse correlation between aggregate capital accumulation and economic agents’ welfare.     

唐山城乡居民消费对经济增长影响差异化的实证分析

作为多年来经济总量位居河北省第一位的唐山市,这几年国民经济得到了飞速发展,消费需求总量的逐步扩大在一定程度上对经济增长的拉动起到了举足轻重的作用。本文建立了城乡居民消费水平与唐山经济增长关系的误差修正模型,研究表明唐山城乡居民消费对其经济增长有正向拉动作用,城镇居民消费的拉动作用比农村居民的要大。因而,采取措施缩小城乡居民消费的差距,统筹二者的发展,是唐山完成两个"率先"的目标、建成全面小康社会不得不面对的问题。     

WTO与农民收入增长研究

本文通过定性分析和定量计算，找到影响农民收入增长的最重要因素；结合WTO《农业协议》及我国农业资源变化趋势和中国人口实际，提出逐步加大财政支农力度及区别对待；加强农业和农村经济发展的宏观调控，结合各地实际，分类指导；采取灵活的土地承包政策，实现土地规模经营，提高土地的产出率等一系列增加农民收入措施。     

Externalities, technological complementarities and sustained economic growth

Externalities as conventionally defined miss many of the spillovers that are both causes and consequences of the technological changes that underlie economic growth. We introduce a much wider concept called technological complementarities. New general purpose technologies (GPTs) rejuvenate the growth process by creating technological complementarities, which are adequately measured neither by total factor productivity (TFP) nor by externalities. There would be major gains from technological change even if the returns on capital invested in innovation never exceeded the returns on investing in existing technologies so that there were neither externalities nor positive changes in TFP.     

沉积微相约束条件下的随机地质建模方法及应用研究

以地质建模为主要研究对象,根据油田开发地质研究需要完善的方法技术,以建模方法研究为基础,进行了沉积微相约束地质建模综合研究.在分析目前国内外研究现状的基础上,针对我国开发地质研究工作的特点,提出根据测井解释成果,应用随机模拟的方法定量地开展沉积微相研究.应用沉积微相研究成果约束测井储层参数的分布,形成油藏数值模拟研究所需要的准确的储层三维地质模型,解决了常规油田开发地质研究过程中沉积相研究成果与储层参数分布无法有效结合的缺陷.应用与该方法相适应的IRMS软件成功实现了山东胜利油区孤东油田第七开发区西部上第三系馆陶组油藏精确的沉积微相模型,由此微相约束形成的油藏储层三维地质模型数据体直接应用于油藏数值模拟研究,应用效果及现场实施的效果良好.     

Application of machine learning techniques to assess the trends and alignment of the funded research output

Research and development activities are regarded as one of the most influencing factors of the future of a country. Large investments in research can yield a tremendous outcome in terms of a country’s overall wealth and strength. However, public financial resources of countries are often limited which calls for a wise and targeted investment. Scientific publications are considered as one of the main outputs of research investment. Although the general trend of scientific publications is increasing, a detailed analysis is required to monitor the research trends and assess whether they are in line with the top research priorities of the country. Such focused monitoring can shed light on scientific activities evolution as well as the formation of new research areas, thus helping governments to adjust priorities, if required. But monitoring the output of the funded research manually is not only very expensive and difficult, it is also subjective. Using structural topic models, in this paper we evaluated the trends in academic research performed by federally funded Canadian researchers during the time-frame of 2000–2018, covering more than 140,000 research publications. The proposed approach makes it possible to objectively and systematically monitor research projects, or any other set of documents related to research activities such as funding proposals, at large-scale. Our results confirm the accordance between the performed federally funded research projects and the top research priorities of Canada.     

Potential production simulation and optimal nutrient management of two hybrid rice varieties in Jinhua,Zhejiang Province,China

Potential growth of two widely-grown hybrid rice varieties in the Jinhua district of Zhejiang Province, Shanyou63 for mid-rice and Xieyou46 for late rice, was simulated using a crop growth model of WOFOST. Parameters of the rice growth in WOFOST were calibrated through field experiments from 1999 to 2002 in Jinhua. The potential yield simulated with WOFOST was about 12 t/ha for Shanyou63 and 10 t/ha for Xieyou46, which are in good agreement with the highest recorded yield obtained in this area. Under farmers practice, current yield is about 7.5 t/ha for Shanyou63 and 6.5 t/ha for Xieyou46. There is a gap between the actual rice yield and the potential yield for these two hybrid rice varieties grown in this area. The attainable target yields were set to 70% to 75% of their potential yields for the two varieties. A recently developed software ＂Nutrient Decision Support System （NuDSS）＂ for irrigated rice was used to optimize nutrient management for these two rice varieties. According to NuDSS, the optimal fertilizer N requirement for the target yields was about 150 kg/ha for Shanyou63 and about 120 kg/ha for Xieyou46, which were only about 70% of the fertilizer N application under current farmers＇ practice. Comparing with farmers＇ practice, there is great potential to increase actual rice yields and to reduce fertilizer N use rates by improving rice crop management practice in Jinhua.     

旋风除尘器操作试验台的建模设计

设计制作了"旋风除尘器操作试验台",该装置能调节风量、进灰量等各种试验参数,可观察除尘器内部的气流运动、除尘效果和灰分收集情况,为"大气污染控制工程"和"锅炉原理"等课程的教学提供了实验手段。通过对旋风除尘器的工作原理及结构进行分析,建立以除尘效率、压力损失为目标函数的双目标数学模型。考虑了设计变量和约束条件后,经过优化设计,寻找出旋风除尘器的最优化结构参数,绘制试验平台结构图,并制作了旋风除尘器操作试验台。     

中国旅游服务贸易的经济增长效应——基于省际面板数据的实证分析

方法:利用2004-2008年度我国31个省份各地区国内生产总值和旅游业的面板数据,选取中国各地区国际旅游(外汇)收入作为影响我国经济增长的衡量指标。目的:研究各地区旅游服务贸易对我国经济增长的影响。结论:我国各地区的资本存量、劳动力投入、人力资本和各地区国际旅游(外汇)收入对我国的经济增长都有显著的影响。     

研究型教师：被丰富的教师专业成长内涵与实践

20世纪80年代以来,关于研究型教师内涵的实践解读与理论解读日趋丰富多彩,研究型教师也成为我国教师专业化发展过程重要的概念之一。这一概念的历时发展,揭示出教师专业成长中的多方面内涵：即解读研究型教师内涵感性路径、理性路径之间的转化,拓展了教师专业化的发展路径;对研究型教师内涵及其实践的多元化解读,构建了教师专业成长可持续性的、综合化的发展;对教师专业素养的再塑造,丰富了教师专业的实践内涵;教师对研究型态度的再选择,满足了教师重建职业实践意义的现实需求。