Interactivity and multimedia interfaces

Multimedia technology offers instructional designers an unprecedented opportunity to create richly interactive learning environments. With greater design freedom comes complexity. The standard answer to the problems of too much choice, disorientation, and complex navigation is thought to lie in the way we design the interactivity in a system. Unfortunately, the theory of interactivity is at an early stage of development. After critiquing the decision cycle model of interaction – the received theory in human computer interaction – I present arguments and observational data to show that humans have several ways of interacting with their environments which resist accommodation in the decision cycle model. These additional ways of interacting include: preparing the environment, maintaining the environment, and reshaping the cognitive congeniality of the environment. Understanding how these actions simplify the computational complexity of our mental processes is the first step in designing the right sort of resources and scaffolding necessary for tractable learner controlled learning environments.     

高校体育管理方法与模式的探讨

现代高校体育工作在突飞猛进的世界高等教育之中 ,必须剔除陈旧的管理观念 ,运用现代管理方法和手段 ,结合学校实际 ,进行科学的管理 ,使高校体育工作沿着现代高等教育的发展方向前进。     

香港竞技体育的管理体制及运行机制

采用献资料，以香港竞技体育管理体制为研究对象，对其发展概况、组织机构、训练竞赛体制、保障体系及激励机制等进行分析研究，提出新时期香港竞技体育发展的模式和方向。     

体育科研三维方法述要(上)

将常规的体育科研方法区分为三个相互关联的维度，其中，取材维含括观察、实验、假设三层阶，分别强调思考、目标、理论的不可或缺性；程序维依循一般思辨、专一选题、采集素材、整理素材、推理判断，验察修正六环节；课题维则从生物性学科和社会性学科两大方面寻求变革。最后还论及撰写文章十要点和缩减文字三要诀。     

城市图书馆通借通还项目管理与体制创新研究

涉及通借通还的图书馆管理模式现有3种:总馆-分馆管理模式、分散-共建管理模式和分散-整合管理模式。3种管理模式在组织架构、管理链、资产管理、馆藏与服务等方面各有长短。由通借通还的普及引起城市图书馆管理体制改革。作为一个体制创新思路,图书馆直接对市民负责,城市与城区各级人大代表控制拨款,委托文化行政管理部门具体管理,可以把“分灶吃饭”与总分馆制的优越性结合起来。图3。表1。参考文献2。     

建立与完善我国优秀运动员社会保障制度的必要性研究

优秀运动员社会保障制度的建立与完善，将直接影响我国竞技体育的可持续发展。通过对我国优秀运动员社会保障制度发展的三个不同历史阶段特点的分析，总结了当前优秀运动员的社会保障制度存在的主要问题，对建立和完善我国优秀运动员社会保障制度的必要性进行了全面的分析。     

运用多元决策数学模型评价体育实验教学质量的研究

立足于体育实验教学实际，通过查阅文献资料、专家咨询调查等方法，并借鉴已有的教学评价经验，运用模糊数学原理和统计学理论，构建出体育实验教学质量评价指标体系和方法体系。它对于加强实验教学管理，促进实验教学质量的提高具有重要的实际意义。     

辽宋金元时期山西地区城镇体系和规模演变

辽宋金元时期山西地区城镇的发展大致经过了宋金时期的快速发展和元代的衰落调整两个阶段。这一时期山西地区的城镇发展水平是比较落后的,虽然城镇数量在前期有较大幅度的增长,但城镇规模普遍较小,特别是中等以上规模的城镇数量很少,并处于下降之中。宋金时期的快速发展实际上是一种畸形的发展,城镇数量的增加不是因为社会经济的发展引发商品流通的需求增长所致,大多是出于军事或税收的需要而设。     

改善中老年妇女心血管系统功能两种练习方法的比较研究

选取慢跑和健美操两种健身练习方法，对其改善心血管系统功能的效果进行比较研究。实验证明，中老年妇女坚持较长时间不间断的中等强度的锻炼，能有效地改善心血管系统功能，降低血脂，增强体能，对提高其新陈代谢和抵抗疾病的能力也有明显的促进作用。健美操更能满足中老年妇女对健身、娱乐、社交等多方面的需求。慢跑则对于健身和减轻体重效果更佳。     

Perspectives on inclusive education: learning from each other

Many courses of study are currently available that address inclusive education and, increasingly, distance education is seen as a flexible and appropriately inclusive way to deliver such courses. In this article a team of colleagues, Kieron Sheehy, Jonathan Rix, Melanie Nind and Katy Simmons, discusses the development of an Open University course, E243 Inclusive Education: Learning from Each Other, which was launched in February 2004. The team reflects on their own process of learning from each other and from the rich network of people involved, mirroring some of the course themes in their own journeys. Collaborative learning became a key theme within the course, both as a method for teaching within the ‘inclusive classroom’ and also as the process for producing a course in a contested and challenging area. This experience allowed the team to change and develop their own perspectives on important issues and, it is suggested, allowed the course to include ways in which students could be supported in having the same opportunity.