试论“乐教乐学”教学策略的理论依据

从心理学的角度探讨了乐教乐学教学策略的理论依据。包括六个方面,乐教的情绪情感依据、乐教的评价依据、乐学的生理心理依据、乐学的情绪情感依据、乐学的动力依据和乐学的人格依据。文章同时指出教学策略还需要今后做更深入的研究。     

论自由学习和学习自由

自由学习和学习自由属于学习者两种不同性质的学习权利。自由学习是学习者的自由意志在学习场域中的积极投射,是学习者主体性在学习情境中的积极表达,属于积极自由;学习自由是保障学习者自由学习权利不受剥夺或被限制的学习制度设计或外界条件,是一种不涉及具体内容的个人自由,其保障基础是《学校法》,属于消极自由。本文在对比分析自由学习和学习自由之内涵的基础上,阐述了自由学习和学习自由二者之间的辩证关系,提出实现个体自由学习的可能途径,以及如何通过《学校法》的制度设计保障学习者自由学习的权利,得出自由学习和学习自由在促进学习者自身转变历程中的教育价值和课程意义。     

基于生态学视角下大学生学习型组织的研究

生态学原理和方法已被广泛用于社会科学研究领域中。运用生态学原理,分析大学生学习型组织的特征、必要性和相容性,从遗传与变异、动态与平衡、竞争与共存、多样性与统一等方面剖析大学生学习型组织,为进一步深入研究和建构大学生学习型组织奠定基础。     

建设交互式学习型网络课程提高思想政治理论课实效性的探索

利用网络技术开发建设的思政课互动式学习型网络课程是对传统课堂教学方法的创新和突破。本文着重从“交互式”、“学习型”这两个最基本特点入手,对思政课网络课程建设的基本内涵指标、架构设计、应用方法以及设计和应用中应注意的问题,提出建设性对策,探索提高思政课教学实效性的有效途径。     

基于IGBT逆变器的大功率直流稳压电源

针对目前国内用于电源的晶闸管静态逆变器,其逆变频率的范围窄,限制在8KHz以下,实际产品一般仅为1KHz左右,且当感应器改变时,不能进行频率调节等问题,通过应用IGBT逆变器设计了一款大功率的直流稳压电源,该电源以16位单片机MPS430为控制核心,组成大功率直流稳压电源的控制系统.该系统不仅具有较高的可靠性,还具有良好的工艺性能.由于使用了高频器件,整个系统具有小型化、轻量化、高效率等优点,符合现代大功率直流稳压电源的发展潮流.本文就其设计的主要思想进行了阐述.     

Learning through boundary‐crossing: further education lecturers learning in both the university and workplace

This paper reports on a research project that sought to gain a deeper understanding of the contribution that universities make to the professional learning of teachers. The particular case studied was a group of learners who were engaged in an in‐service teacher education course for further education (FE) whilst also working as lecturers in FE colleges in Scotland. The paper develops the narrative of learning across boundaries (Saunders 2006 Saunders, M. 2006. From ‘organisms’ to ‘boundaries’: The uneven development of theory narratives in education, learning and work connections.. Journal of Education and Work, 19: 1–27. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]) drawing on the work of Engeström (1987 Engeström, Y. 1987. Learning by expanding: An activity‐theoretical approach to developmental research, Helsinki: Orienta‐Konsultit. [Crossref] [Google Scholar], 2001 Engeström, Y. 2001. Expansive learning at work: Toward an activity theoretical reconceptualisation.. Journal of Education and Work, 14: 133–56. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]). The claim made is that the learning that takes place across the boundary of the workplace and university has the possibility of helping learners to resolve issues that the workplace alone does not provide them with the resources to resolve.

Cet article fait un compte‐rendu sur un projet de recherche dont le but était d'approfondir les connaissances sur la contribution des universités à la formation professionelle des professeurs. Le cas particulier qu'on a étudié était un groupe d'apprenants qui ont suivi un cours de formation d'enseignement professionnelle en travaillent commme professeurs dans des centres d'enseignement professionnel. L'article se déroule la narration d'apprentissage à travers les frontières (Saunders 2006 Saunders, M. 2006. From ‘organisms’ to ‘boundaries’: The uneven development of theory narratives in education, learning and work connections.. Journal of Education and Work, 19: 1–27. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]) et d'après les recherches d'Engstrom (1987 Engeström, Y. 1987. Learning by expanding: An activity‐theoretical approach to developmental research, Helsinki: Orienta‐Konsultit. [Crossref] [Google Scholar], 2001 Engeström, Y. 2001. Expansive learning at work: Toward an activity theoretical reconceptualisation.. Journal of Education and Work, 14: 133–56. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]). On prétend que la connaissance qu'on a produit à travers des frontières du lieu de travail et de l'université pourrait aider les étudiants à résoudre des problèmes qu'ils ne pourraient pas résoudre en travaillant seulement.

Este trabajo presenta un proyecto de investigación que ha buscado una comprensión más detallada sobre la contribución aportada por la universidad al aprendizaje profesional del profesorado. El trabajo ha estudiado un grupo de alumnos que participaron en un curso avanzado de educación mientras trabajaban como profesores en institutos de enseñanza en Escocia. El estudio desarrolla la temática del aprendizaje a través de límites (Saunders 2006 Saunders, M. 2006. From ‘organisms’ to ‘boundaries’: The uneven development of theory narratives in education, learning and work connections.. Journal of Education and Work, 19: 1–27. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]) inspirándose en el trabajo de Engeström (1987 Engeström, Y. 1987. Learning by expanding: An activity‐theoretical approach to developmental research, Helsinki: Orienta‐Konsultit. [Crossref] [Google Scholar], 2001 Engeström, Y. 2001. Expansive learning at work: Toward an activity theoretical reconceptualisation.. Journal of Education and Work, 14: 133–56. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]). La reivindicación hecha es que el aprendizaje que tiene lugar a través del límite del lugar de trabajo y la universidad tiene la posibilidad de ayudar a los alumnos en resolver asuntos en que el lugar de trabajo por si solo no puede proveerles con los recursos para su resolución.

Dieser Artikel berichtet die Resultate eines Forschungsprojektes, dass zu verstehen versuchte, was Universitäten zum professionellen Lernen von Lehrern beitragen. Ein Gruppe von Studenten wurder untersucht, die in Schottland an Berufsschulen unterrichteten und gleichzeitig an einem Weiterbildungskurs fuer Lehrkräfte an der Universität teilnahmen. Der Artikel ist auf der Arbeit von Engström basiert und konzentriert sich auf Lernen, das über Grenzen hinweg stattfindet (Saunders) (in unserem Fall Arbeitsplatz und Universität). Wir behaupten, dass das solches Lernen grössere Moeglichkeiten bietet, Probleme zu lösen, als Lernen, welches nur am Arbeitsplatz stattfindet.     

Constructivism in Mathematics Classrooms: Listening to Ghanaian Teachers’ and Students’ Views

One of the challenges of implementing a new curriculum is how to bridge the gap between the underlining principles of the curriculum and the cultural and social orientations of the society which includes teachers and students. This article reports on a study that explored how the cultural and social orientations of teachers and students can influence the implementation of a constructivist curriculum in mathematics classrooms. The data for the study came from 250 students and 41 mathematics teachers, using questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The results showed that inasmuch as mathematics teachers and their students acknowledge the importance of student’s active participation and teamwork, these practices have not been fully conceptualised into the Ghanaian mathematics classroom due to some cultural factors. Two main cultural factors were discovered from the analyses of the results. Firstly, the culture of acknowledging only correct answers in class has a negative impact on individual students’ confidence and participation during mathematics lessons. Also, the culture of teamwork is not fully accepted within Ghanaian classrooms as most students find it difficult working in groups and accepting and appreciating each other’s view. It was evident in all lessons that students were ridiculed by their peers when they provide a wrong answer to a question and this affected individual students’ participation in the classroom. Therefore, we suggested that teachers should be pro-active in promoting a classroom environment which is free from fear and intimidation to motivate students to be actively involved in the classroom discourse.     

The conundrum of low achievement and feedback for learning

Abstract

The literature on improving student engagement with assessment and feedback has a tendency to treat all students as if they are the same. Students with lower levels of attainment are generally under-represented within empirical studies and their feedback behaviours are less well understood. The recent drive to improve student assessment and feedback literacy and the move from ‘feedback’ being information about a task to being a process of understanding and using performance information is a larger conceptual leap for some students than others. In this paper, we consider issues surrounding the transition to new modes of feedback, focussing on what is needed for those who find study difficult and persistently are disappointed by their levels of attainment, to benefit from and take advantage of our feedback pedagogies. We examine literature advocating strategies such as increasing agency, using praise, developing feedback literacy and cultivating a growth mind-set. We argue that students who underachieve may benefit from strong relationships with educators and peers, exposure to feedback rich, low stakes environments, which permit repeated integrations of practice and feedback, and building feedback literacy through peer assessment activities.     

The Influence of Word Processing on the Revisions of Fifth Graders

No abstract available for this article.     

青少年课外学习特点的分析与建议

课外学习是素质教育的重要途径,对学生的全面发展和健康成长具有重要意义.对北京市5976名青少年的课外学习情况进行调查发现:(1)青少年课外学习的内容主要在智育方面,较为依附学校学习;(2)青少年参加课外辅导(辅导班、家教)的现象比较普遍,但学生较为质疑家教的促进效果;(3)青少年的自主性在课外学习中体现不足,学生学习自己感兴趣的知识、进行自主阅读的时间比较有限;(4)教育者需要加强对青少年课外阅读和网络学习的科学指导.