The Co-Effects of Query Structure and Expansion on Retrieval Performance in Probabilistic Text Retrieval

The effects of query structures and query expansion (QE) on retrieval performance were tested with a best match retrieval system (InQuery¹). Query structure means the use of operators to express the relations between search keys. Six different structures were tested, representing strong structures (e.g., queries with facets or concepts identified) and weak structures (no concepts identified, a query is a bag of search keys). QE was based on concepts, which were first selected from a searching thesaurus, and then expanded by semantic relationships given in the thesaurus. The expansion levels were (a) no expansion, (b) a synonym expansion, (c) a narrower concept expansion, (d) an associative concept expansion, and (e) a cumulative expansion of all other expansions. With weak structures and Boolean structured queries, QE was not very effective. The best performance was achieved with a combination of a facet structure, where search keys within a facet were treated as instances of one search key (the SYN operator), and the largest expansion.     

The Highway Map Social Studies Resource

Teachers today are more aware of differences in the way students learn and that a wide variety of strategies must be employed when teaching. Major musical films, when appropriately excerpted, can provide an entertaining and unique way of addressing valid instruction objectives in both the cognitive and affective domains. In this article, the authors provide applications of specific Broadway musicals and films to everyday instructional practices.     

广东省普通高校体育教师科研队伍结构分析

拥有一支高素质的体育教师科研队伍是提高高校体育科研水平的最重要因素之一。本文对广东省普通高校体育科研队伍的年龄结构、职称结构、学历结构以及学缘结构的现状进行比较分析，并根据其存在的问题提出相应的对策，旨在为普通高校科研队伍的建设提供参考依据。     

电缆桥架的稳定问题

将弹性稳定理论应用于工程实际，并全面讨论了电缆桥架的翼缘、腹板和整体稳定性问题，给出了临界载荷算式，经桥架稳定性试验考核，得出了一些实用性的结论。这不仅为电缆桥架的标准制定提供了依据，也可为其他薄壁件的稳定设计计算作参考。     

浅谈思想政治课的说课

说课属于教学设计内容,是提高教师教学素质的重要手段.要提高说课水平,教师必须了解说课的内容、说课的方法与过程以及对说课的评价.     

钢筋混凝土结构裂缝产生的原因及预防

建筑结构裂缝是很普遍的现象,其中最常见的是钢筋混凝土构件及砖墙裂缝。通过钢筋混凝土结构裂缝产生的八种原因分析,提出了7种预防措施。     

政治理论课“1＋1＋1=45”的课堂教学模式研究

教学模式一直都是政治理论课能否取得课堂实效性的关键,因此,对政治理论课课堂教学模式的研究与探索也从未中断,人们关注的视角从知识课堂到生本课堂,从填鸭课堂到和谐课堂,但如何在课堂四十五分钟内真正实现教师、学生与知识的价值,使学生对于政治理论知识的追求变成自身的意念行为,形成长效机制,则成为本文探索与关注的焦点。     

本三类工程图学教学方法研究--参加青年教师讲课比赛的感悟

本文针对如何上好“本三”模式的图学课程的问题,以作者亲身参加青年教师讲课比赛活动的经历为依据,总结了参赛后的切身感悟,提出了新课的导入很重要、多媒体教学手段要灵活运用、讲课语言要有艺术性等观点。     

英语专业师范生说课实践中的问题分析及对策

在教学实践中开展"说课"是全面提高师范类学生教学水平的重要环节.文章根据近几年小教英语专业学生说课考核情况,分析了"说课"过程中存在的主要问题,探讨了提高师范生"说课"能力的对策与途径,对今后的教育教学具有一定的指导意义.     

简释帕默尔的汉字表意说

从帕默尔自己的论述来看他关于汉字表意问题的相关看法,可以得出结论:因为帕默尔是站在广义文字的立场上说话的,才把汉字视为"一种程式化了的、简化了的图画的系统";因为符号这一术语可以专指其形式,帕默尔才把词这个概念仅仅看成词的声音形式;帕默尔主要是从字形构造和字义的联系的角度来阐释汉字直接表示概念即汉字表意的,他也附带地论及了汉字的超时空性,从而强化了他的汉字表意说。