Objects prompt authentic scientific activities among learners in a museum programme

Although the scientific disciplines conduct practical work in different ways, all consider practical work as the essential way of connecting objects and phenomena with ideas and the abstract. Accordingly, practical work is regarded as central to science education as well. We investigate a practical, object-based palaeontology programme at a natural history museum to identify how palaeontological objects prompt scientific activity among upper secondary school students. We first construct a theoretical framework based on an analysis of the programme’s palaeontological content. From this, we build our reference model, which considers the specimens used in the programme, possible palaeontological interpretations of these specimens, and the conditions inherent in the programme. We use the reference model to analyse the activities of programme participants, and illustrate how these activities are palaeontologically authentic. Finally, we discuss our findings, examining the mechanism by which the specimens prompt scientific activities. We also discuss our discipline-based approach, and how it allows us to positively identify participants’ activities as authentic. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings.     

五年制高职专科市场营销学课程实践环节的思考

市场营销学是云南电大五年制高职教育电算会计专业的课程之一,此门课程的特色是实践性强。随着教学的深入,课程的设置、现行教材、日常教学等方面重理论而不重实践的问题暴露出来,这些问题对教师的教学和学生的学习都产生了不利的影响,因此,有必要对市场营销学课程实践环节存在的问题进行思考,探索更合理的市场营销学课程实践环节,设置更合理的市场营销学课程实践环节的内容。     

有机化学实验教学中全面提高学生能力的探讨

在有机化学实验教学中,将教学方法改革为“学生准备实验,学生讲解实验,师生共同讨论实验,学生做实验,学生论述实验,师生同评实验”6环节新方法。新方法在培养学生有机化学实验基本技能的基础上,着重培养了学生的协调合作能力、发现分析及解决问题能力、语言文字表达能力、组织管理能力、研究探索能力。     

论加强大学语文课程建设的几个重要环节

高校大学语文课程改革是高等教育发展关注的热点问题,加强大学语文课程建设应该注意五个重要环节。     

编制准确工程预结算应注意的几个环节

本文从建筑工程公司招标投标及节省国家投资的角度出发,阐述编制准确工程预结算应注意的几个环节。     

对我国科技中一些薄弱环节的探讨

文章针对我国科技中存在的自主知识产权缺乏,专利转化率低等问题,提出意见与建议作者根据对我国产业制造工艺的了解和财经工作经验,指出薄弱的关键乃制造工艺。创新的核心是提供新的制造方法,即其在企业经济中着重研究工艺经济的必要性,以精算学（或运筹学）的方法来研究工艺,使创新工艺对当前企业成本有50％～70％大幅下降和节资减排的可能性,并对当前问题提出改进的具体建议。     

中学英语情景交际教学法的实践探索

传统的英语教学模式过于重视教师在教学中的主导作用,忽视了学生在学习中所具有的主体地位,学生的学〉--j积极性、学习兴趣没有得到足够的重视。情景交际教学模式以师生互动为主要内容,以培养学生的英语交际能力为目的,体现了英语教学的新理念,对增强课堂教学效果,提高学生的英语能力有重要意义。     

Why ontology matters to reviewing environmental education research

This paper responds to a keynote paper presented by William Scott at the 2007 World Environmental Education Congress held in Durban, South Africa. The keynote address reviewed 30 years of environmental education research. In this response to William Scott's paper I contemplate the way in which environmental education research may enable reflexivity in modernity and develop knowledge that can serve as cultural mediator between individual and society. Through emphasizing ontology, I consider the reality of global knowledge production in relation to the way in which ontology may influence the reasons how and why we come to do particular forms of research, providing an ontological reference for the ever‐expanding pluralism that characterizes the field of environmental education research. The paper comments on various aspects of the Scott paper, but presents an argument for not only valuing pluralism, methodological experimentation and ‘reaching out’, but for embracing the cosmopolitan implications of wider ontological referents of environmental concerns in environmental education research. The paper argues that research in environmental education ought to become ontologically defensible at both local and global scales.     

Mind the gap: Capturing value from basic research through combining mobile inventors and partnerships

To successfully generate more valuable technologies from accessing basic research knowledge, firms need to combine institutional and individual level bridges to universities and research institutes active in basic research. This combination is particularly important when the new technology builds on scientific prior art. While mobile inventors are needed to transfer and translate basic knowledge into new technologies, partnerships provide the commitment, resources and incentive structure to integrate this basic research knowledge more effectively into the firm’s innovation process, thus improving the value capture from mobile inventors. Our findings in the micro-electronics field illustrate the importance of jointly accounting for firm and inventor level industry-science links to assess their effectiveness and provides evidence on complementarity from using both. Furthermore, identifying the scientific nature of the technology projects critically determines whether the combination of these links allow to capture more value.     

我国食品安全物流环节透明度实证研究*——基于全国31个省151家食品物流企业的采样调查研究

食品安全物流环节缺乏关注,透明度状况有待研究。本文利用网络层次分析－模糊综合评价法构建食品安全物流环节信息透明度的评价模型,对全国各省、市、自治区范围内的151家食品物流企业进行数据采集,展开实证研究,量化当前食品安全物流环节信息透明情况。研究发现当前我国食品安全物流环节信息透明度整体水平较好,但在披露运输人员具备的食品安全知识状况信息、运输设备信息等方面仍需完善。最后本文针对食品安全物流环节的不足之处提出相应的提升策略。